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The spent cathode carbon block after aluminum electrolysis was treated by acid leaching with a mixed solution of sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate, and the effects of factors, such as molar ratio of sulfuric acid to ammonium sulfate, liquid-solid ratio, leaching temperature and time, on the leaching rate of cryolite from this spent cathode carbon sulfate were investigated. The results show that at a leaching temperature of 70 ℃, with liquid-solid ratio of 8 mL/g, sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate in a molar ratio of 4, a 120-min leaching process can lead to the leaching rate of cryolite up to 99.48%. The leaching residue, being composed of carbon and calcium fluoride and free of leaching toxicity, can be treated as a general solid waste.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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