To recover molybdenum from copper smelter soot, a process consisting of NaOH leaching, N235 extraction, ammonia stripping and precipitation-roasting was employed. Effects of various factors on molybdenum recovery during leaching and extraction-stripping processes were investigated. The results show that under the following optimal leaching conditions, including NaOH at concentration of 6 mol/L, leaching at 80 ℃ for 1.5 h and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 6∶1, leaching rate of molybdenum is 82.44%; under the following optimal extraction and stripping conditions, including extractant consisting of 30% N235, 10% sec-octanol and 60% diluent, extraction for 5 min with phase ratio (O/A) of 1∶15 and stripping for 6 min with phase ratio (O/A) of 2∶1, the extraction and stripping rates of molybdenum are 99.67% and 92.95%, respectively. Finally, a molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃) product is produced by precipitation and roasting, with the mass fraction of molybdenum upgraded to 60.08% from 0.458% in raw material, presenting an enrichment ratio of 131.18. It is concluded that this processing technique can effectively separate and recover molybdenum resources from soot, providing a reliable technical route for efficient recovery of molybdenum from secondary resources.