As a new infrastructure for data circulation and utilization, trustworthy data space is an important carrier for building a national integrated data market. The construction of trustworthy data space may become a key path to solve the contradiction between security and circulation in the market-oriented configuration of data elements, providing dual support of “security base” and “circulation hub” for digital transformation. The construction of a trustworthy data space can reconstruct data production relationships through technological integration, providing institutional guarantees and technological infrastructure for efficient allocation of data elements across organizations and industries, thereby achieving innovation in the paradigm of data sovereignty governance, and ultimately realizing the secure release of data value and high-quality development of the digital economy.

Trusted data space is a value exchange network with endogenous security attributes built on the basis of data space technology. By integrating privacy computing, blockchain, and smart contract technology, it forms a full cycle trusted guarantee system for the circulation of data elements. Its five foundations include the construction of key standard systems, breakthroughs in core technology innovation, optimization of infrastructure services, improvement of governance systems and mechanisms, and expansion of international cooperation networks. Its eight functions include identity authentication function, certificate traceability function, resource management function, access control function, privacy computing function, security sandbox function, contract execution function, and value evaluation function.

Based on the concept, foundation, function, and related theories of trusted data space, a three-dimensional model of “system technology ecology” for the construction of trusted data space has been constructed. By breaking the “trust security value” triple paradox in the flow of data elements, a systematic theoretical tool has been provided for the “trust controllability availability” of data elements in complex business environments. Research has found that: (1) The construction of trustworthy data space needs to follow the coordinated development logic of institutional, technological, and governance. Institutions can constrain the ethical boundaries of technological applications, technology can support the efficiency improvement of ecological collaboration, and ecology can practice feedback on the iterative optimization of institutional rules. The organic integration of the three has broken through the limitations of traditional single dimensional research and provided a systematic theoretical tool for the “trustworthiness controllability availability” of data elements in complex business environments; (2) The core technology focuses on the dual breakthrough of privacy security and trusted verification. The collaborative innovation of these two types of technologies can not only solve the “privacy utility” paradox in data sharing, but also establish a technical closed loop for ownership traceability through an undeniable proof mechanism; (3) At the level of governance logic, a hybrid framework of multi subject collaborative governance and risk immunity system needs to be established, and a three-dimensional governance model of “government regulation industry autonomy enterprise self-discipline” should be constructed to achieve the organic integration of technical barriers and institutional safeguards; (4) The realization of the value of a trustworthy data space depends on the iterative adaptation of technical tools and institutional rules.

The high-quality development of the trustworthy data space requires the construction of a system that promotes institutional innovation, technological breakthroughs, and governance experiments in a coordinated manner, in order to solve the triple problems of ownership ambiguity, technological constraints, and cross-border barriers in the circulation of data elements. Firstly, we need to accelerate the implementation of the “Measures for the Administration of Data Property Rights Registration” and clarify the rules and registration process for data ownership separation through legislation; Secondly, it is necessary to establish a national level data space technology laboratory to address the bottleneck problem of core technologies in trustworthy data space, integrate resources from universities, research institutes, and leading enterprises, and establish a national level laboratory; Thirdly, we need to explore the “regulatory sandbox” mechanism to promote cross-border data pilot projects. In response to the conflict of rules and regulatory uncertainty in cross-border data flow, it is recommended to carry out “regulatory sandbox” pilot projects in free trade zones.