Juvenile Pictorial was first published in 1937 and stopped publishing in 1941. It was China’s first youth pictorial and the earliest youth popular science magazine in China. Through a comprehensive analysis of the content of the publication, this paper finds that Juvenile Pictorial once fully took into consideration, in its operation, the cognitive characteristics, thinking mode, and knowledge base of young people, and took natural sciences, applied technology, social art and current affairs news as its main contents, presenting a scenario of its characteristics of combining science with interest, humanities, technology as well as the War of Resistance against Japan. The publication span of Juvenile Pictorial coincided with the most difficult stage of the War, which witnessed its positive efforts to improve the scientific literacy of young people, enhance their practical ability and cultivate their patriotic feelings and social responsibility in the special period. It also has certain reference and enlightenment value for the development of contemporary popular science journals.