Chinese society is undergoing transformation of the development pattern. To adapt to the new situation, adjustments of national development path, innovation elements and innovation strategy, position of public policy making, innovation culture construction and other aspects construct the current national development context. Based on judgments of new national development context, this paper makes an analysis of new requirements for science popularization work transformation: from four levels of science and technology open trend, transformation of public resources and market resources integration, rapid coverage of mobile Internet and information service industry, national demand for inclusive science and science popularization. Besides, following suggestions are put forward for transformation objectives of science popularization work: 1. start project concerning the national scientific literacy construction resource configuration from top design; 2. promote development of consumption science popularization industry; 3. Implement engineering of the national science popularization service open platform; 4. build service system and service pattern for “national innovation and business startups”.