Science extending activity is the general term of the science popularization activities carried out by such public groups or organizations as institutions of higher learning, science and research institute, academic groups of science, and science foundation aiming at promoting the scientific literacy of the general public and boosting the communication between the public and scientist. It is of a necessity for the researchers to conduct two-way science popularization activities, namely science extending activity, to the public on an equal footing according to their researches, this is the social responsibilities of the scientists. Such kind of activity initially came to be known during the late of 1990s and the beginning of this century in USA and some European countries, the reason why great emphasis should be put on the dialogue and communication between the public and the scientists is that the development of science can not be going further without the public support and that the decision making of science needs the participation of the public. Despite the fact that the conduction of science extending activity in Japan was slightly later than that in USA and Great Britain, less than a decade in the past witnessed its realization of being institutionalized in Japan. It is good, but plenty of problems need to be resolved prior to doing a great job in science extending activity.

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