The Actor Network Theory not only successfully explains the dynamic mechanism of technological evolution from the interaction perspective of science and society, but also has good explanatory power for industry development issue. A case study of first privately-run science and technology museum of China by the actor network analysis shows that insufficient demand is the key factor for the development of science popularization industry. In addition, the initiator of the industrialization failed to build a stable alliance based on “common interest”, which affects the coordinated development of the supported industries in the whole industrial chain. Establishing preferential industrial policy, increasing the core enterprises of science popularization industry to intensify the capacity of network construction and partner absorption, as well as stimulating market demand contribute to the science popularization industry development.