Strengthening the training of science teachers is a higher requirement for science education put forward by the Party and the state in the new era，and it is also an inevitable choice to promote the high-quality development of science education. An analysis of 56 SSCI articles reporting on in-service science teacher professional development programs reveals that the content of international science teacher professional development focuses on themes such as integrative and cutting-edge science content knowledge，science inquiry including multiple models and variations，diverse perspectives on pedagogical content knowledge，and enhancing science teaching with information technology. Six typical professional development modes have been distilled from the analysis：experience-practice-reflection，demonstration-imitation，embedded learning based on course materials，individualized guidance through lesson study，real participation in scientific practice，and co-teaching. Based on the findings of existing research，this study offers insights for in-service science teacher training in China: integrating science content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge，paying attention to the practical application of science teachers，and conducting follow-up evaluations of training programs.