The Internet platform media has gradually become the main way for citizens to access scientific and technological information in the digital era. Opportunities and challenges coexist for improving citizens’scientific literacy. Grasping the characteristic differences of citizens’access to scientific and technological information is of great significance for improving the efficiency of science popularization，bridging the digital divide，and improving citizens’scientific quality. Based on the data of the 14th National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey，this paper analyzes the channels of citizens’access to scientific and technological information and the development of scientific literacy，describes the current situation of Chinese citizens’access to scientific and technological information，and discusses the differences in channels and preference reasons for citizens from different groups to obtain technological information in the context of the digital age. The study found that the proportion of citizens’access to scientific and technological information through the Internet has leapt；social platforms and short video platforms have become the main sources for Internet users to obtain scientific and technological information；citizens interested in scientific and technological information prefer to multiple channels；the internal drive is the first motivation for citizens to obtain scientific and technological information，while the practical demand is the main motivation for citizens to obtain scientific and technological information；the channels for different groups of citizens to obtain scientific and technological information have their own characteristics；different groups with different levels of scientific quality have different access to scientific and technological information. Based on this，this article proposes to improve policy formulation and strengthen the guidance of science popularization content in short videos and social media platforms，strengthen content adaptation and promote precise science popularization supply for various groups，and suggest bridging the digital divide and promoting coordinated development of urban and rural information dissemination infrastructure.