Science popularization is an important way and form to transmit the innovative culture to society. This study first analyzes the connotation and characteristics of innovative culture，and then clarifies the logic of forming an innovative culture. It also explores the ways in which science popularization can help promote the construction of an innovative culture. The study sorts out the mechanisms for science popularization participating in the construction of an innovative culture at different stages，and constructs a planar mechanism framework by introducing social interaction theory and science communication models. Against the backdrop，three suggestions were thus put forward，i.e.，the construction of a narrative system for science popularization towards the goal of building a world leader in science and technology，the improvement of the effectiveness of a value identification-oriented communication system，and the enrichment of diversified media strategies with dialogue as the focus. These suggestions will provide references for the use of science popularization to promote the construction of an innovative culture.