The image of scientists in youngsters’ minds is an important part of science communication. The image of scientists affects the youngsters’ decision concerning whether they will take science-related careers as their employment directions in the future. The issues regarding the image of scientists have already drawn wide-ranging attention from researchers both at home and abroad. Whereas, the comparative study on adolescents in different countries is still lacking. By utilizing questionnaire survey, the image of scientists in middle school students’ minds in China and the United States is comparatively studied in the paper, the findings in the research reveal that Chinese and American students still hold stereo-typed impressions and opinions about scientists. The reason why high school students in the United States are willing to become scientists is that scientists can make themselves world-renowned and naturally lead a decent-life; while middle school students in China are willing to become scientists largely owing to their parents’ expectations and the attitudes of people around them. In the eyes of middle school students in the United States, scientists are merely a profession, they want to be scientists because of their personal interests and motivations. However, Chinese students’ career choices in this regard are predominantly affected by their parents, in the eyes of their parents, scientists are superb professions, which leads their kids to pick up science-related careers as their prospective careers. In order to have the current situation changed, it calls for the impartial reporting from the mass media and the right guidance from their parents and teachers as well. Only by doing so, youngsters can have a better knowledge about scientists and the work they are undertaking, so that they can make a more sensible and balanced choice when it comes to scientist-related careers.