Science communication is influenced by various factors of social context, such as politics, economy, culture and history, which has different impact on science communication in different time and space domain. On a global scale, current social context for science communication are experiencing three crucial changes: the science and society relationship is increasing close, the science and public relationship is increasing close and Modern information technology revolution opened up a new era of media. China is a country with appreciable geographic diversity, where exist huge gap in economic, social, educational and science and technology development between rural and urban area as well as among different regions. The imbalance development makes social context of science communication in China has both general issues facing other countries and prominent localized features. Diversity is a local characteristic, among others, of social context for science communication in China. The demand of citizens in China on science communication presents diversified and complex features, which were intensified by the leapfrog development of science communication pattern brought by new media. Based upon above considerations, China is taking public science communication strategy in a localized way with government-driven and social participation features. The paper looks forward to more attention to the impact of social context for science communication, and broadening the research perspectives on diversity under variety social context.