To address the lack of emphasis on carbon emissions in traditional airline network and fleet planning, an integrated optimization approach that incorporates carbon emissions into the planning process was proposed. The model was based on a multi-allocation hub-and-spoke network structure, taking into account route selection, demand distribution, capacity constraints and fleet size. Emissions were calculated using Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards, cruise phases, and a carbon tax mechanism was applied to convert emissions into cost elements, resulting in a joint optimization mathematical model aimed at minimizing airline operating costs. The model was solved using the Gurobi commercial solver. Results indicate that airlines should prioritize low-emission short-haul flights to meet market demand, and policymakers should consider gradually raising carbon tax levels to foster sustainable development in the aviation industry.

In the era of informatization, handwritten digit recognition has wide applications in computer vision and pattern recognition. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of handwritten digit recognition, four convolutional neural network (CNN)-based algorithm models were designed and tested. An empirical study was conducted on the MNIST dataset to compare the training performance of different models. The experimental results show that the multilayer CNN model performs best, with an accuracy rate of 98.9%, and each training cycle takes about 20 seconds. This indicates that increasing the number of convolutional layers and using high-level APIs help improve recognition accuracy, further enhancing the application performance of CNN in handwritten digit recognition. New insights and methods are provided for designing efficient and accurate handwritten digit recognition models.

Erosion wear of movable elbow is an important problem that cannot be ignored in fracturing field. In view of the phenomenon that particles carried in fracturing fluid are prone to erosion and wear of movable elbow pipes, a flow channel model was established. Orthogonal tests were designed according to the fluid parameters and pipeline structural parameters of movable elbow, and the influence of the erosion rate was analyzed by CFD numerical simulation. The test results show that the influence degree of each working parameter on the erosion rate of movable elbow is particle mass flow rate > particle diameter >2# bend Angle > flow rate. According to the orthogonal test results can guide the actual work, when the movable elbow is placed in U-shape, the erosion wear is the largest, and the position is in the bending surface of the elbow, so the movable elbow should be avoided in the U-shape state to reduce the erosion. At the same time, the erosion resistance design of the bend of the movable elbow is carried out, and the triangle erosion resistance groove is added. The maximum erosion wear rate of the original structure and the improved structure is compared with that of the original structure. The erosion wear of the improved structure is reduced by 39.01%, which proves that the improvement can effectively reduce the erosion wear of the movable elbow during work, and provides a solution for the erosion resistance of the movable elbow.

Data security is critical for the healthy development of industrial internet platforms. To scientifically quantify the data security level of these platforms, resilience theory was introduced. Based on the understanding of resilience in the field of system security, the concept of data security resilience for industrial internet platforms was proposed, which included four dimensions, such as risk anticipation, defense, resistance and recovery. Building on this, a data security evaluation index system for industrial internet platforms from a resilience perspective was developed using text mining and semantic network analysis. The G1 method was applied to determine the independent weights of resilience indicators, while the DEMATEL method was used to quantify the interrelationships among these indicators, resulting in hybrid weights. Furthermore, a cloud model-based evaluation model for data security resilience of industrial internet platforms is proposed. This model is applied to assess the data security resilience of the YQ industrial internet platform, with the results aligning with actual conditions, thus validating the scientific and rational basis of the hybrid-weighted and cloud model-based evaluation method. Finally, recommendations are made for the future development of data security resilience in industrial internet platforms, providing theoretical support for enhancing data security resilience moving forward.

The path was explored to enhance the digital innovation resilience of SRDI enterprises from the three dimensions of digital transformation environment dynamics, the digital dynamic capability and digital innovation strategy, and the analytical ideas of fsQCA methodology was applied. The study found that individual factors do not constitute a necessary condition for high digital innovation resilience, but high digital sensing capability play a pervasive role in enhancing digital innovation resilience. There are four configurations for achieving high digital innovation resilience, and according to digital capabilities and environmental dynamics, “SRDI” manufacturing enterprises should choose different digital innovation strategies to enhance resilience and promote high-quality development.

Smart marketing in tourism accompanied by people’s emotional trigger points provides strategies for tourism marketing, and the role and mechanism of the influence of emotional trigger points and the integration of wisdom marketing on the perception of tourism brand authenticity are worth exploring. Cultural identity gives tourists a sense of belonging and motivates to explore the authenticity of tourism. From the perspective of cultural identity, the brainstorming method was used to select experimental stimuli, design scales and launch offline scenario experiments, and the recovered valid data were analyzed. The study explores the influence mechanism of cultural identity, emotional trigger points, smart marketing, experience value and brand authenticity perception. The results of the study show that tourists’ cultural identity, experiential value, and smart marketing all significantly and positively affect tourists’ perception of brand authenticity. The emotion triggered by smart marketing significantly and positively affects tourists’ experience; and consumers’ cultural identity is positively correlated with smart marketing. It is suggested that tourism destinations should focus on the cultural needs of tourists, highlight the special cultural connotations, and build a “wisdom + culture” model with the help of wisdom technology innovation to enhance the perception of tourism brand authenticity.

Water blocking damage is a common issue in the development of tight sandstone gas reservoirs, significantly impacting gas well production and reservoir recovery rates. Taking the gas reservoirs in the southern margin of Ordos as an example, the degree of water blocking damage in the gas reservoirs was analyzed, the typical production characteristics of gas wells with water blocking damage in tight gas reservoirs was discussed, and technologies were proposed for the prevention and treatment of reservoir water blocking. The research results indicate that the gas reservoirs in the southern margin of Ordos experience moderate to strong water blocking damage. After water blocking, gas wells exhibit production characteristics such as insignificant production increase after fracturing, inability to restore production after reopening the well following shutdown, and limited effectiveness of wellbore drainage measures. To effectively prevent and treat water blocking damage, comprehensive prevention and treatment methods are proposed, including the use of small-diameter coiled tubing to avoid premature fluid accumulation in gas wells, maintaining continuous and stable production, and implementing physicochemical processes to eliminate water blocking damage. Field test results demonstrate that the integrated application of these methods can effectively prevent and eliminate water blocking damage, thereby restoring gas well production.

Taking five counties, Songpan County, Heishui County, Mao County, Li County and Wenchuan County in the upstream area of the Minjiang River as the research object, the data of the tourism-economy-ecological environment system (TEE system) of the five counties in the period of 2010—2023 was measured, and the comprehensive effect and the degree of coupling coordination were quantified by using the entropy method and the coupling coordination model. The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and spatial differences of the coordinated development of different county systems were analyzed. The results show that the state of coordinated development of the TEE system in the five counties in the upper Minjiang River region is at a low level type. All five counties’ coupling coordination degree scores are below 0.3, and all of them are still in the state of severe or moderate dysfunction. The development of TEE system coupling coordination degree of the five counties upstream of Minjiang River is in the fluctuating upward trend, in which the development trend of tourism-economy system maintains rapid development, and the ecological environment system lags behind relatively. The evolution path of TEE system coordination in the five counties upstream of the Minjiang River is a gradual leaping path model, which can be divided into three specific subdivided situations, such as the “severe disorder” path, the “extreme disorder-severe disorder” path, and the “severe disorder-moderate disorder” path. According to the results of the internal coupling and coordination analysis, Songpan County and Heishui County belong to the tourism super-advanced type, while Mao County, Li County and Wenchuan County belong to the economic super-advanced type. The scores of the ecological environment system of the five counties are seriously lagging behind the tourism system and the economic system, and the ecological environment is under severe pressure. Finally, the five counties in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River are proposed to improve their TEE system by improving their spatial and temporal characteristics and laws.

Based on the rainfall duration, intensity and rainfall data of Xiejiagou small watershed from 2014 to 2018, the basic rainfall standard for erosive rainfall in the study area was obtained through the 80% frequency analysis method and statistical methods, and the characteristics of erosive rainfall within a year and between years were analyzed. The research results show that erosive rainfall has an inter-annual fluctuation characteristic, and June is the key month for the prevention of erosive rainfall in the study area. In the erosive rainfall events of heavy rain and heavy rain, high-intensity rainfall(I₃₀≥30 mm/h)is the main driving force for soil erosion. The research results can provide reference basis for protecting ecological environment, predicting and controlling soil and water loss in small watersheds.

The migration trajectory of agricultural surface source pollution in watersheds and the factors influencing it are of great theoretical and practical significance. Further study of these factors would be beneficial in the prevention and control of surface source pollution in watersheds. An analysis of panel data on agricultural surface source pollution loads within the Yuanjiang River Basin in Hunan Province from 2013 to 2022 was analyzed to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of this phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the total nitrogen and total phosphorus pollutant loads in the Yuanjiang River Basin of Hunan Province from 2013 to 2022 exhibit a general decreasing trend, with a spatial pattern of “more in the east and less in the west”. Additionally, the intensity of pollutant loads demonstrates a decreasing trend, with a spatial decrease from a northeast-southwest line to both sides. The intensity of pollution loads is also observed to be decreasing, exhibiting a pattern of decline from the northeast to the southwest. Additionally, the migration trajectory of the center of gravity of the pollution loads is identified to be generally V-shaped, with an eastward migration.