To study the deformation patterns of wet-sinking loess widely distributed in the alluvial plains of the northern Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, experimental studies were carried out to differentiate the effects of soluble salts on the wet-sinking and dissolving effects of loess. Through the ‘three-line method’ compression test of original water content saturated with Na₂SO₄ salt solution and pure water on the original loess samples with five kinds of soluble salt contents, the influence of soluble salt content and its state of existence on the characteristics of loess wet subsidence and subsidence was obtained, and the calculation model of the amount of loess wet subsidence and subsidence deformation with different salt contents was constructed. The results show that there is a critical value for the salt content change to improve the skeleton effect between particles, and wet subsidence is the main mode of deformation when it is less than 8‰ and more than 23‰, while dissolution subsidence is the main mode of deformation when it is between 8‰~23‰; mathematical relationship between each salt content and deformation coefficients under the step-by-step pressure has been fitted by using the Giddings and Extreme model function. The FreundlichEXT regression model was used to construct the starting pressure function equation for different salt contents of soil samples in the study area. The research results can provide scientific basis for the study of the mechanism of joint action of wet subsidence and dissolution subsidence of eolian salt in the region, the design of structural loads and the calculation of deformation.