Consumption upgrading is an inevitable trend of national development to a certain extent, and the differentiated research of different regions is the inevitable basis for formulating policies. The framework of residents’ consumption upgrading system was constructed from five dimensions: consumption scale and level, consumption structure, consumption capacity, consumption environment and consumption mode. The results show that the consumption upgrading of residents in the whole country and the three major regions shows a relatively flat upward trend, and the eastern region > the whole country> the central region > the western region. The difference in the level of consumption upgrading of Chinese residents mainly comes from the internal differences in the eastern region and the imbalance in the development of the eastern-central and eastern-western regions. There isσdevelopment in the whole country and the three major regions, there isβconvergence between the whole country and the eastern and western regions, and there is noβconvergence in the central region.