Recent frequent extreme natural disasters and major public health crises have intensified the convergence of traditional and emerging risks, significantly threatening urban public safety. To address the knowledge gap regarding non-traditional risks, a city-level “risk-resilience capacity” assessment framework under the holistic national security paradigm was developed. Four Chinese megacities were evaluated, such as Qingdao, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Dongguan. The results are as follows. Nanjing demonstrates superior economic development capacity, whereas Hangzhou underperforms. Hangzhou leads in social security capacity, contrasting with Dongguan’s deficiencies. Dongguan exhibits the strongest ecological resilience, while Nanjing ranks lowest. The analysis identifies GDP-driven economic capacity and social security expenditure as critical resilience determinants.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |