Lowering carbon emissions from tourism transportation is an important way to achieve the “dual carbon” goals. Based on spatial autocorrelation theory and the spatial Durbin model, a study was conducted on the spatiotemporal evolution and spatial spillover effects of carbon emissions from tourism transportation nationwide. The results indicate that from 2012 to 2020, the GDP of the tourism industry showed a good overall spatial autocorrelation, with industrial structure, green travel rate, and urbanization rate being the most influential factors on carbon intensity in tourism transportation. In terms of spatial spillover effects, there is a strong negative correlation between regional economic development levels and green travel rates with carbon emissions, while the spillover effects of urbanization rate show a contrary direct effect, demonstrating a positive effect, which indicates that the carbon reduction achieved with the increase in urbanization level has a marginal effect. Factors such as regional economic levels and advancements in environmental technology are also important means of reducing carbon intensity in tourism.