The development model and strategy of Jiangxi’s animation industry in the context of the digital economy was explored, and a game model involving the government, animation enterprises, and the public was constructed using the evolutionary game theory. It is found that the level of the government’s digital technology investment and the local policy support significantly affect the strategy choices of each entity. The transformation cost of enterprises is crucial to their strategy, and low transformation costs and high innovation returns can increase the probability of digital innovation. The improvement of the digital literacy of the public has a significant impact on their participation behavior. Finally, a simulation analysis was conducted using MATLAB R2021a. Corresponding policy recommendations are put forward to promote the high-quality development of Jiangxi’s animation industry in the context of the digital economy.