Focusing on Mianyang City’s Fucheng District as its primary research area, GIS techniques alongside related spatial analysis methods were used to examine both distributive traits within local residential spaces while also investigating their principal influential elements. Findings indicate that housing patterns within Fucheng district exhibit distinct clustering tendencies with all spatial autocorrelation indices surpassing anticipated values primarily manifesting three prominent clustering features-HH,LH,and LL.The topography,slope,and accessibility significantly influence housing distributions predominantly concentrated within an elevation band ranging from 450 m to 550 m, a slope gradient between 0°and 10°and located within 500 meters from roads. The approach employed herein offers comprehensive insights given our focus on a prototypical suburban hilly terrain thereby possessing substantial scholarly merit along with practical implications. This quantitative inquiry into relationships between housing distributions within Fugqing district & their influential determinants provides enhanced clarity regarding local residential spaces patterns facilitating deeper comprehension concerning mechanisms governing such distributions. Our methodology may serve as valuable reference for analogous studies conducted across comparable hilly terrains while our findings could potentially inform future land-use planning decisions.