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The rapid development of 5G communication and millimeter-wave radar technology has imposed increasingly high requirements on the high-frequency performance of printed circuit boards (PCBs). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) stands out as a preferred material for microwave substrates due to its excellent dielectric properties, low water absorption, and outstanding chemical and thermal stability. This review categorized commercial products into five types based on their composite structures: woven glass fiber reinforced type, woven glass fiber reinforced-ceramic filled type, random short glass fiber reinforced type, random short glass fiber reinforced-ceramic filled type, and ceramic filled type, and discussed the representative products, key characteristics, fabrication processes, and technical advantages and disadvantages of each category. Furthermore, the paper provided a systematic overview of recent research progress on the effects of PTFE resin properties, filler type, content, morphology, and surface treatment on the performance of composite. PTFE-based composites are expected to maintain their dominant position in the millimeter-wave and even terahertz frequency bands for the foreseeable future. Looking ahead, breakthroughs in optimizing processing techniques, developing high-performance PTFE resins, innovating functional fillers, and conducting fundamental interface research are essential to narrow the performance gap with imported products and thereby advance China's microwave substrate materials industry.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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