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Polyethylene is the preferred material for lithium battery separators, its hydrophilicity directly determines the electrolyte ion transmission efficiency and the interface stability of battery. To improve the hydrophilicity of polyethylene separator, we employed atmospheric pressure plasma jet treatment using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a reaction medium to activate and modify the separator surface. The effects of treatment time and treatment distance on the hydrophilicity of the separator surface were studied by experiments, and the optimal treatment conditions and effects were obtained. The surface morphology and chemical structure of the separator were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to analyze the effect of plasma treatment on its micro-physical and chemical properties, thereby analyzing the mechanism of its performance improvement. The results show that with the increase of treatment time and distance, the hydrophilicity of the separator increases at first and then decreases. The optimal performance is achieved at a treatment time of 6 min and a treatment distance of 20 mm, where the water contact angle of the modified separator approaches 0°, achieving super-hydrophilic effect. After treatment, the separator tends to be hard and brittle, and its thermal shrinkage rate decreases by 51%. The plasma jet introduces -NH3+ hydrophilic groups onto the separator surface, and through etching, cross-linking, polymerization, and deposition, a nano-silicon oxide film with larger pores is formed on the material surface, which significantly enhance the surface hydrophilicity and thermal shrinkage resistance of seperator.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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