During the laying process, excessive lateral pressure and traction would cause mechanical damage to cables, leading to severe failures such as sheath grounding, overheating, insulation breakdown, and combustion during operation. This paper summarized the research progress on traction and lateral pressure of land cables, including their generation processes and effects on cable insulation structures and materials, calculation methods, monitoring, and online control techniques of traction and lateral pressure. The influence of mechanical stress on microscopic characteristics such as crystal size, crystallinity, and trap number and depth in cable insulation materials was discussed in detail, and the failure mechanisms of cable materials under mechanical stress were analyzed. Regarding the calculation methods for mechanical stress, the shortcomings of current approaches were summarized, and future research directions for cable mechanical stress were outlined.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |