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To address the challenges of epoxy resins in electrical insulation and flame-retardant applications, a phosphorus-containing bio-based flame-retardant resin—bis(methacryloyloxy-4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) phenyl phosphate (DGEBDB) was synthesized from 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and renewable vanillin, and cured materials were prepared through blending it (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%) with bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA). Their flame retardancy, thermal properties, mechnical properties, and electrical properties were analyzed. The results show that when the mass fraction of DGEBDB is 75%, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of epoxy bending system increases from 22.6% to 34.2%, and the flame retardant grade achieves V-0 in UL 94 tests. Cone calorimetry reveals that the DGEBDB can reduce the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR), showing excellent fire suppression. Electrical properties tests show that the electrical properties of the cured epoxy maintain good when the mass fraction of DGEBDB is as high as 75%, which ensures the reliability of DGEBDB in electrical application. Mechanical properties indicate that with the increase of DGEBDB content, the flexural strength and tensile strength increase, indicating an increase in structural integrity and load bearing capacity of the cured epoxy. Therefore, the addition of DGEBDB significantly enhances the flame retardantcy of composite, while maintaining the excellent thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of epoxy resin, and when the mass fraction of DGEBDB is 25%, the overall performance is the best, which has a better prospect for practical applications.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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