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Basin insulators in GIS are prone to surface electric field distortion due to charge accumulation, which can lead to surface flashover. To improve the surface voltage resistance performance of insulators, this paper refers to the design concept of surface functional gradient materials and utilizes the uniform treatment characteristics of titanium deposition by atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). By controlling the treatment time at different radial distances, a basin insulator with continuous conductivity gradient were prepared. At the same time, a fast electric field calculation method based on surface conductivity was established by coupling DC electric field simulation calculations with an attention mechanism-enhanced long short-term memory network (LSTM). The surface conductivity of the basin insulator was continuously gradient optimized using the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. And the electrical performance of the insulator before and after optimization was evaluated and compared using simulation models and flashover tests. The result show that the density and bonding structure of the plasma titanium deposition layer are related to the treatment time, and the optimal treatment time is 3 minutes, at which the surface conductivity of the insulator is the highest. The surface functional gradient modification significantly improves the uniformity of the electric field distribution on the insulator surface. The maximum field strength on the lower surface of the insulator decreases by 70.3%, the electric field distortion rate decreases by 24.69%, and the flashover voltage is 31.34 kV, which is 14.3% higher than that of unmodified insulators.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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