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In order to investigate the ageing mechanism of composite insulators in extreme cold regions, the influence of ageing time on the physicochemical, mechanical, and electrical properties of composite insulator skirts were studied by an improved multi-factor ageing method. The results show that with the increase of the ageing time, cracks, holes and particle accumulation appear on the surface of the silicone rubber material, that leads to the significant decrease of its hydrophobicity. At the same time, the overall hardness of the silicone rubber material increases, the elongation at break decreases rapidly, and the mechanical properties decrease significantly. In addition, with the increase of ageing time, the dielectric constant increases significantly, the dielectric loss keeps increasing, the density of deep trap energy level gets lower, the density of shallow trap energy level increases, the surface conductivity increases significantly, and the flashover voltage decreases sharply.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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