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After the ageing of sealant, the moisture will invade the crimping interface from the sealant interface, leading to insulator ageing. To investigate the affecting mechanism of various ageing factors on the interface samples between sealant and armour clamp, immersion tests were conducted on the sealant samples in deionized water, salt solution, nitric acid solution, sulfuric acid solution at room temperature for 28 days, as well as immersion tests in mixed solutions of sulfuric acid or nitric acid with salt at different temperatures. Then the ageing situation of the samples was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that the sulfuric acid solution has no significant effect on the siloxane matrix of sealant, while the salt solution can cause the breakage of methyl chain of the siloxane side chain, and the nitric acid solution can oxidize the siloxane side chain to generate -OH. The influence of nitric acid and salt mixed solution on the siloxane matrix at room temperature is greater than that at high temperature, and the effect of nitric acid and salt mixed solution on the siloxane matrix is basically equivalent to the superposition of the two solutions acting separately. The influence of sulfuric acid and salt mixed solution on the sealant at high temperature is greater than that at room temperature. The main affecting mechanism of sulfuric acid and salt mixed solution on the siloxane matrix is that the salt solution causes the methyl of silicone side chain to break, making the Si-O-Si main chain expose to sulfuric acid and undergo chain breaking, then the salt solution can continue to affect the deeper methyl groups.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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