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In order to study the influence of sand covering at the umbrella skirt of porcelain insulator on the surface electric field and potential distribution, a two-dimensional symmetric electrostatic field model of XP-70 porcelain suspension insulator was established based on the finite element method, and the surface electric field and potential distribution of the insulator under different sand covering conditions were analyzed. The results show that the surface electric field of porcelain insulator shows U-shape distribution, and the electric field and potential are affected by the geometry of porcelain insulator and the medium material. There is a local peak of electric field strength at the junction point between the upper and lower surfaces of the umbrella skirt of each insulator and the fittings. When the insulator umbrella skirt surface is covered with sand, there is a weak effect on the its surface potential, but the field strength at the sand cover of umbrella skirt will decrease, and the field strength decrease amplitude of the insulators near the high voltage side and the low voltage side is greater. The decrease amplitude is not related to the sand layer thickness. With the increase of sand layer thickness on insulator surface, the field strength at the junction between the upper surface of each insulator umbrella skirt and the fittings will increase greatly at first and then decrease to a stable value. When there is no sand belt in the sand layer, the field strength at the no sand belt increases, and the increase amplitude is related to the sand layer thickness and the width of no sand belt.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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