Aiming at the issues of under-maintenance or over-maintenance in preventive maintenance of DSA200 type pantograph, a method was proposed to optimize inspection and maintenance parameters by using pantograph failure data.Firstly, the failure datas of the pantograph components were analyzed by using graph parameter method, which failure time distribution models were fitted.The failure datas were preliminarily determined to obey the exponential distribution, and the Bartlett value method was further used to verify the validity of the failure data obey exponential distribution.Secondly, based on the structure and working characteristics of pantographs, a reliability block diagram model with pantograph components in series was constructed.According to the characteristics of constant failure rate of pantograph components, the failure rate of pantographs was obtained.Thirdly, the minimum cost model of preventive maintenance and replacement of pantographs was established, and the optimal preventive maintenance interval and the optimal number of spare parts were obtained.Finally, the structure importance, probability importance and critical importance of pantograph components were analyzed by using fault tree analysis method, and the failure probability of pantograph and the key components in inspection and maintenance were obtained.The optimized pantograph inspection and maintenance parameters can provide scientific reference for maintenance personnel to improve their maintenance level and reduce maintenance costs.