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The molecular characterization and phenotype identification of resistance mutations of azole resistance genes cyp51A, cyp51B and cyp51C of 6 clinical Aspergillus flavus isolates from Xinjiang are carried out. The isolates were identified based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and BenA gene sequencing. The Sensititre Yeastone Fungal Drug Sensitivity Kit was used to detect the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of 7 drugs, and the MIC/MEC results were interpreted according to the standards recommended by CLSI M57S. The cyp51A, cyp51B and cyp51C genes of A. flavus strains were amplified and sequenced by PCR, and the sequencing results were compared with the reference strain of A. flavus to identify the resistance mutation phenotype. All 6 clinical isolates were identified as A. flavus. The results of antifungal susceptibility test showed that the isolated A. flavus strains were completely sensitive to echinocandins, itraconazole and posaconazole; of which 1 strain was resistant to amphotericin (8 μg/mL) and 2 strains were resistant to voriconazole (4 μg/mL). Sequencing of the cyp51A, cyp51B, and cyp51C genes of 2 azole-sensitive and 4 azole-resistant strains revealed that both cyp51A and cyp51C in sensitive and resistant strains showed synonymous and non-synonymous point mutations, and no mutation was found in cyp51B. However, the P276T mutation site in cyp51C gene was only found in one resistant isolate. Echinocandins, itraconazole and posaconazole showed better antifungal activity against A. flavus, while voriconazole and amphotericin showed lower antifungal activity against A. flavus. Probably cyp51C gene mutation of A. flavus is associated with azole resistance.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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