A field that urgently needs to be studied by the domestic academic community, namely, science-driven innovation was proposed. This type of innovation has many essential differences from the technology-driven innovation, experience-driven innovation, and demand-driven innovation that have been studied in China for many years. At present, the development environment, development needs, and development capabilities of our country have undergone tremendous changes. The relationship between China and leading developed countries in industrial technological innovation has shifted from "competitive cooperation, mutual support" to "parallel competition, system segmentation". Meanwhile, strong innovation, strong industry, and strong people's livelihood have become important issues in building a modern strong country. Under this background, our country must actively and effectively promote science-driven innovation activities. However, the academic community has lacked clear focus research on science-driven innovation in the past. This paper reviews and summarizes the research progress of science-driven innovation at home and abroad, and believes that focusing on the research of science-driven innovation can help improve the quality of China's innovation development and enrich the theory of industrial technological innovation in the Chinese context. Furthermore, it is proposed that to explore the relevant laws of science-driven innovation, to construct the theory of science-driven innovation, the academic community urgently needs to focus on studying six types of management issues: first, the relationship between science and industrial technological innovation; second, the evolution of the "underlying paradigm of science" in science-driven innovation; third, the process model of science-driven innovation, that is, the innovation chain; fourth, the organizational model of science-driven innovation; fifth, the three-level governance system of science-driven innovation; sixth, the industry-level phenomena that should be paid attention to in science-driven innovation.