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Taking Chinese A-share listed companies in the new generation of information technology (NGIT) industry as a sample, the incentive effect of government subsidies on technological innovation of NGIT listed companies was empirically tested from three dimensions: technological innovation inputs, technological innovation outputs, and technological innovation behaviors represented by cooperative R&D. The findings indicate that government subsidies promote technological innovation inputs, outputs, and cooperative R&D behaviors of NGIT listed companies. Ex-post subsidies are shown to be more effective in stimulating high-quality technological innovation output. The factors of heterogeneity in the relationship between government subsidies and cooperative R&D are further examined. Results demonstrate that stronger knowledge absorption capacity in listed companies enhances the effect of government subsidies on the willingness, quantity, and quality of cooperative R&D. Additionally, the presence of more colleges and universities in the province where the listed company is located leads to an increase in the quantity and quality of cooperative R&D. Government subsidies are also found to be more beneficial for improving the quality of cooperative R&D when the listed company is part of an innovative industry cluster. Suggestions are provided for optimizing and effectively utilizing government subsidy policies to promote technological innovation in NGIT listed companies.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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