In order to create new competitive advantages in the digital era, enterprises are increasingly pursuing digital affordances, which has an important impact on enterprises innovation. Research data collected from China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2022 were used to empirically explore the impact of enterprises digital affordances on ambidextrous innovation and the mediating role of dynamic capabilities. The results indicate that digital affordances positively affect exploratory innovation and exploitation innovation. Digital affordances positively affect absorptive, innovative and adaptive capacities of dynamic capabilities. Absorptive, innovative and adaptive capacities facilitate significantly to exploratory innovation. Innovative ability and adaptive ability facilitate significantly to exploitative innovation, while absorptive ability does not contribute significantly to exploitative innovation. Both Innovative ability and adaptive ability play a mediating role between digital affordances and ambidextrous innovation. Absorptive capacity only plays a mediating role between digital affordances and exploratory innovation. The research conclusions have important implications for enterprises to realize ambidextrous innovation through digital affordances and give full play to the key role of dynamic capabilities under the background of digital transformation.