Breast cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence rate among women, and its high heterogeneity leads to great differences in therapeutic responses to treatment regimens. Early efficacy assessment of breast cancer therapy can help identify ineffective treatment regimens as soon as possible, allowing for timely adjustments in treatment strategies. This effectively avoids treatment delays and toxic damage from ineffective regimens, thereby improving patients' therapeutic benefits. Currently, the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy for breast cancer primarily relies on imaging methods to monitor changes in tumor size before and after treatment. However, monitoring such changes often requires a lengthy evaluation period, making it difficult to meet the clinical need for early efficacy assessment. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive detection method that analyzes tumor-derived biomarkers in body fluids, such as circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor microRNA, extracellular vesicles, proteins, and metabolites, to obtain pathophysiology-related information of tumors. This enables real-time monitoring of tumor status and progression, demonstrating broad application prospects in the monitoring and evaluation of tumor treatment efficacy. This review will systematically summarize the advances in liquid biopsy biomarkers for the monitoring and evaluation of breast cancer treatment efficacy, while also analyzing and discussing the challenges in their clinical translation and potential future developments in this field.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |