To explore the characteristics and development trends of asthma drug clinical trials in China, and to provide references for promoting the research of new asthma drugs.

Using "asthma" as the keyword, we searched the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and Information Disclosure Platform. Data regarding clinical trials of asthma drugs registered from January 2013 to December 2025 were collected, and statistical analyses were performed on registration time, geographic information, investigational drugs and other relevant information.

A total of 663 clinical trials of asthma drugs were included in this study. Over the past decade, the number of clinical trials of asthma drugs has shown an upward trend. In terms of trial phases, bioequivalence trials accounted for the largest proportion (n=398, 60.03%). Regarding the categories of investigational drugs, there were 527 chemical drugs, 110 biological agents, and 26 traditional Chinese medicines/natural medicines. The geographical distribution of clinical trial sites was generally characterized by a concentration in eastern China and a scarcity in central and western regions. Regarding pharmacological mechanisms, glucocorticoids were the most widely studied drug category (n=131, 19.76%), while there were 105 biotargeted drugs (15.84%). Among them, domestic innovative drugs have been growing rapidly in recent years.

Significant progress has been made in clinical trials of asthma drugs in China, particularly with the rapid development of biotargeted drugs. However, problems such as uneven regional distribution of clinical trials and low proportion of innovative drugs still exist. It is necessary to strengthen policy support, optimize the allocation of regional medical and pharmaceutical resources, and continuously promote the research and development of asthma drugs and the advancement of related clinical trials.