Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is widely used to treat diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. By activating the GLP-1 receptor, semaglutide enhances insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon release, effectively lowering blood glucose levels. Additionally, semaglutide has multiple beneficial effects, including weight loss and improvement of cardiovascular diseases, and has demonstrated potential in treating conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and polycystic ovary syndrome. Semaglutide exhibits significant efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and high safety profile when used in combination with other medications in these patients, underscoring its broad clinical applicability. This article aims to review the mechanisms of action of semaglutide and its clinical research progress in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity, exploring its clinical application potential and future prospects.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |