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Online accelerating precursor identification and dynamic probabilistic prediction for rock slope failures using Bayesian inference
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Mingxi Chena, Zihan Fua, Feng Xiongb, Jie Jianga, Qinghui Jiangc, *
Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering | 2026, 18(5) : 3779 - 3803
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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering | 2026, 18(5): 3779-3803
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Online accelerating precursor identification and dynamic probabilistic prediction for rock slope failures using Bayesian inference
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Mingxi Chena, Zihan Fua, Feng Xiongb, Jie Jianga, Qinghui Jiangc, *
Affiliations
  • aSchool of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
  • bFaculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430074, China
  • cSchool of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
  • Mingxi Chen received his PhD degree in Geotechnical Engineering from the School of Civil Engineering at Wuhan University (China) in 2022. He obtained his BSc degree in Engineering from the School of Geosciences and Info-physics at Central South University (China) in 2016. He is now an assistant professor of the School of Civil Engineering and Architecture at Guangxi University (China). His main research interests include: (1) deformation mechanism and stability evaluation of high steep slopes in hydropower projects; (2) prediction and early warning of landslides; and (3) nonlinear dynamic evolution mechanism of deformation and failure in rock mass.

Published: 2026-05-25 doi: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2025.08.048
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Timely identification of accelerating precursors and performing reliable time-to-failure analysis are the key components in the management of slope failure risks. This study focuses on rock slope failures and proposes a framework for online identification of accelerating precursors and dynamic probabilistic prediction of failure time grounded in Bayesian inference. By integrating the Bayesian online change-point detection (BOCD) method with a typical dimensionless trend (TDT) model, the BOCD-TDT algorithm is first developed for online identification of acceleration events and their corresponding onset of acceleration (OA). Subsequently, a Bayesian approach is employed to estimate the parameters of the inverse velocity (INV) method, enabling the dynamic probabilistic prediction of slope failure time while quantifying observational and model uncertainties across different accelerating deformation stages. Building on this, the influence of starting point (SP) selection, trend update (TU), and multi-data fusion on prediction reliability is evaluated, and a novel decision criterion for impending slope failure is proposed. The feasibility of the proposed methods is then validated using 73 rock slope failure cases. Results show that using INV data, the BOCD-TDT algorithm can reliably identify acceleration events and the corresponding OA. In time-to-failure analysis, the reliability of dynamic failure predictions can be enhanced by incorporating both observational and model uncertainties corresponding to the deformation stages into the Bayesian prediction model, along with TU detection and multi-data fusion. The proposed failure probability criterion provides valuable guidance for the identification of impending failure and the establishment of ultimate alert thresholds.

Rock slopes  /  Accelerating precursor identification  /  Time-to-failure analysis  /  Failure probability criterion  /  Bayesian inference  /  Inverse velocity (INV) method
Mingxi Chen, Zihan Fu, Feng Xiong, Jie Jiang, Qinghui Jiang. Online accelerating precursor identification and dynamic probabilistic prediction for rock slope failures using Bayesian inference[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2026 , 18 (5) : 3779 -3803 . DOI: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2025.08.048
  • Major Project of Guangxi Science and Technology(AA23023016)
  • Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project(AD23026111)
  • Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2024GXNSFBA010226)
Year 2026 volume 18 Issue 5
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Article Info
doi: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2025.08.048
  • Receive Date:2025-01-06
  • Online Date:2026-06-17
  • Published:2026-05-25
Article Data
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History
  • Received:2025-01-06
  • Revised:2025-06-25
  • Accepted:2025-08-21
Funding
Major Project of Guangxi Science and Technology(AA23023016)
Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project(AD23026111)
Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2024GXNSFBA010226)
Affiliations
    aSchool of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
    bFaculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430074, China
    cSchool of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China

Corresponding:

* Corresponding author. E-mail address: (Q. Jiang).
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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