Mesh-channel-integrated transparent devices with hybrid conductive networks for enhanced electromechanical sensing

Mesh-channel-integrated transparent devices with hybrid conductive networks for enhanced electromechanical sensing

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Thi Sinh Vo^a, Truong Sinh Nguyen^a^,^b, Seung-Hyun Lee^c, Kyunghoon Kim^a^,^*

Journal of Materiomics | 2026, 12(2) : 101155

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Journal of Materiomics | 2026, 12(2): 101155

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Mesh-channel-integrated transparent devices with hybrid conductive networks for enhanced electromechanical sensing

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Thi Sinh Vo^a, Truong Sinh Nguyen^a^,^b, Seung-Hyun Lee^c, Kyunghoon Kim^a^,^*

Affiliations

^aSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea

^bFaculty of Engineering and Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam

^cNano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, South Korea

Published: 2026-03-20 doi: 10.1016/j.jmat.2025.101155

Outline

Abstract

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Flexible and transparent strain sensors with high sensitivity were fabricated by embedding hybrid networks of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon (C) nanoparticles into micro-mesh polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. The resulting devices exhibited optical transmittance above 70% and haze below 7%, ensuring unobtrusive integration on skin. Systematic variation of CNT:C ratios (0:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1) revealed that the 2:1 hybrid achieved optimal performance, combining uniform dispersion, strong interfacial adhesion, and robust conductive pathways. The optimized device (S2-PDMS) demonstrated a maximum gauge factor of 465.35 at 32.5% strain, and reliable cycling stability for repeatability of stretching, bending, and twisting deformations. Mechanical tests confirmed high tensile strength (2.63 MPa) and durability under repeated deformation, outperforming polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-based counterparts. The sensor also exhibited response times in the range of~158-557 ms and recovery times between ~110 ms and 697 ms, depending on the type and complexity of the human motion. As such, the sensors successfully monitored diverse human motions, subtle muscle activity, and vocal vibrations, and enabled wireless data transmission via Bluetooth, underscoring their potential for real-time health monitoring, human-machine interfaces, and Internet of Things-enabled wearable electronics.

Key words

Carbon nanotube / Flexible device / Transparent device / Electromechanical sensor / Wearable device / Polydimethylsiloxane

Cite this Article

Thi Sinh Vo, Truong Sinh Nguyen, Seung-Hyun Lee, Kyunghoon Kim. Mesh-channel-integrated transparent devices with hybrid conductive networks for enhanced electromechanical sensing[J]. Journal of Materiomics, 2026 , 12 (2) : 101155 - . DOI: 10.1016/j.jmat.2025.101155

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Funding

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Korean Government (MSIT)(NRF-2023R1A2C2005617)

Appendix

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Year 2026 volume 12 Issue 2

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Article Info

doi: 10.1016/j.jmat.2025.101155

Receive Date：2025-08-04
Online Date：2026-08-13
Published：2026-03-20

Article Data

Affiliations

History

Received：2025-08-04
Revised：2025-09-11
Accepted：2025-09-14

Funding

Korean Government (MSIT)(NRF-2023R1A2C2005617)

Affiliations

^aSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea

^bFaculty of Engineering and Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam

^cNano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, South Korea

Corresponding:

^* kenkim@skku.edu (K. Kim).

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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