Boosting energy storage in lead-free NaNbO<sub>3</sub>-based antiferroelectric ceramics through lamellar nanodomain engineering

Boosting energy storage in lead-free NaNbO₃-based antiferroelectric ceramics through lamellar nanodomain engineering

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Xuewen Jiang^a^,^*, Wei Wang^a, Aiwen Xie^a^,^**, Ziyi Tang^a, Ao Tian^a, Xin Gao^a, Xiaokuo Er^a, Liqiang Liu^a, Ruzhong Zuo^a^,^b^,^***

Journal of Materiomics | 2026, 12(2) : 101154

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Journal of Materiomics | 2026, 12(2): 101154

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Boosting energy storage in lead-free NaNbO₃-based antiferroelectric ceramics through lamellar nanodomain engineering

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Xuewen Jiang^a^,^*, Wei Wang^a, Aiwen Xie^a^,^**, Ziyi Tang^a, Ao Tian^a, Xin Gao^a, Xiaokuo Er^a, Liqiang Liu^a, Ruzhong Zuo^a^,^b^,^***

Affiliations

^aCenter for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China

^bAnhui Key Laboratory of Low Temperature Co-fired Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, 232038, Anhui, China

Published: 2026-03-20 doi: 10.1016/j.jmat.2025.101154

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Abstract

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The development of high-performance lead-free energy storage capacitors is crucial for sustainable technologies, yet hindered in NaNbO₃-based antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramics because of significant polarization hysteresis from field-induced AFE-ferroelectric (FE) phase transitions. This hysteresis fundamentally limits the simultaneous optimization of recoverable energy density (W_rec) and efficiency (η). Herein, we demonstrate that lamellar nanodomain engineering via compositional design in a (0.87-x)NaNbO₃-0.13Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-xBi(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ system effectively overcomes this bottleneck. The optimized composition (x = 0.05) delivers exceptional energy storage performance with a W_rec of ~8.2 J/cm³, a η of ~88.9%, and a power density of ~207 MW/cm³. Analysis on multiscale structure evolution reveals that this compositional tuning induces a phase transformation from AFE P to AFE R symmetry, accompanied by an enhanced local structural disorder. Critically, the formation of lamellar AFE R-phase nanodomains with width ranging from 2 nm to 6 nm drives a quasi-linear polarization response with minimal hysteresis. Concurrently, the refined grain size improves the ceramic resistivity, substantially enhancing dielectric breakdown strength. These synergistic effects collectively yield outstanding energy storage properties, demonstrating that engineering lamellar AFE R-phase nanodomains is an efficient strategy to optimize overall energy storage performance of NaNbO₃-based materials.

Key words

Lead-free ceramic / Energy storage / Relaxor antiferroelectric / NaNbO₃ / Nanodomain

Cite this Article

Xuewen Jiang, Wei Wang, Aiwen Xie, Ziyi Tang, Ao Tian, Xin Gao, Xiaokuo Er, Liqiang Liu, Ruzhong Zuo. Boosting energy storage in lead-free NaNbO₃-based antiferroelectric ceramics through lamellar nanodomain engineering[J]. Journal of Materiomics, 2026 , 12 (2) : 101154 - . DOI: 10.1016/j.jmat.2025.101154

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Funding

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National Natural Science Foundation of China(52302079; 52302131)
Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province(202423i08050005; 202423i08050040)
Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Anhui Polytechnic University(2022YQQ005; 2022YQQ037)
Science and Technology Program of Wuhu(2024kj023)
Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Anhui Province(S202210363176)

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Year 2026 volume 12 Issue 2

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Article Info

doi: 10.1016/j.jmat.2025.101154

Receive Date：2025-08-15
Online Date：2026-08-13
Published：2026-03-20

Article Data

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History

Received：2025-08-15
Revised：2025-09-16
Accepted：2025-10-08

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China(52302079; 52302131)

Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province(202423i08050005; 202423i08050040)

Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Anhui Polytechnic University(2022YQQ005; 2022YQQ037)

Science and Technology Program of Wuhu(2024kj023)

Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Anhui Province(S202210363176)

Affiliations

^aCenter for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China

^bAnhui Key Laboratory of Low Temperature Co-fired Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, 232038, Anhui, China

Corresponding:

^* E-mail addresses: xuewenjiang@mail.ahpu.edu.cn (X. Jiang)

^** xieaiwen@ahpu.edu.cn (A. Xie)

^*** Center for Advanced Ceramics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China. zuoruzhong@ahpu.edu.cn, zuoruzhong@hnnu.edu.cn (R. Zuo).

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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