Erysiphenecatoris a destructive fungal pathogen that compromises grapevine yield and quality, leading to substantial economic losses. Therefore, elucidating host resistance mechanisms is essential. In this study, we identified an ethylene response factor, VqERF1B, that exhibits sustained high expression during E.necatorinfection in Chinese wild grape Vitisquinquangularisaccession ‘Danfeng-2’. Transient overexpression of VqERF1Bin grape leaves enhanced resistance to E.necatorby elevating transcript levels of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, including PR1, PR2, PR5, and PR10. Conversely, silencing VqERF1Bresulted in increased susceptibility. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsislines stably overexpressing VqERF1Bexhibited enhanced resistance to powdery mildew, associated with elevated PRgene expression and increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A series of assays identified VqMAPK3, a phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase, as a direct interactor of VqERF1B. Furthermore, VqERF1B was shown to bind directly to the promoters of VqPRs, thereby activating their transcription. Notably, the VqMAPK3-VqERF1B complex exhibited greater transactivation activity on VqPRpromoters than VqERF1B alone, indicating that VqMAPK3 positively modulates VqERF1B-mediated transcription of PRgenes. This work advances understanding of the molecular basis of grape resistance to E.necatorand provides a foundation for molecular breeding strategies.

anthocyanin  /  pear  /  transcriptome analysis  /  transcription factor  /  PuMYB93