Asa main causal agent of wheat crown rot,Fusarium pseudograminearum secrets numerous proteins into the host during the infection process to regulate host immune responses and contribute to the virulence of F.pseudograminearum. In this study, the secreted protein Fp00392 from F.pseudograminearumwas found to trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana. Purified Fp00392 protein could activate the ROS burst, callose deposition, and the upregulation of defense-related genes in N.benthamiana. Moreover, the VIGS assay in N.benthamianashowed that Fp00392-triggered cell death is independent of BAK1 and SOBIR1. Furthermore, the transcript level of Fp00392 was significantly induced during F.pseudograminearuminfection. Knockout of Fp00392 significantly attenuated the pathogenicity of F.pseudograminearumon wheat coleoptiles. Deletion of Fp00392 affected the sensitivity of F.pseudograminearumto H₂O₂and Congo Red. Overall, these results indicate that Fp00392 can not only induce plant immune response as a PAMP, but it can also promote F.pseudograminearuminfection as a virulence factor.

carbon nanotubes  /  antimicrobial Activity  /  Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tuberosi  /  Zeta Potential  /  XRD  /  cell membrane