Article(id=1210676791426020352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1210676785113600955, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1608566400000, receivedDateStr=2020-12-22, revisedDate=1614268800000, revisedDateStr=2021-02-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766577440363, onlineDateStr=2025-12-24, pubDate=1622131200000, pubDateStr=2021-05-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766577440363, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766577440363, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766577440363, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1210676785113600955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2021', volume='46', issue='5', pageStart='425', pageEnd='530', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1766577438858, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766718730270, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1211269404306838321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1210676785113600955, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1211269404306838322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1210676785113600955, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=481, endPage=485, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1210676791711232019, articleId=1210676791426020352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Retrospective analysis of risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew. Methods With a retrospective case-control study, aircrew admitted in the Air Force Medical Center from January 2016 to December 2019 and underwent carotid artery ultrasound examination were recruited as the subjects. Those ultrasound diagnosed as carotid atherosclerosis(n=110) were set as case group, and age- and sex-matched aircrew with normal ultrasonography (n=110) were as control group. The differences in risk factors of atherosclerosis and flight factors between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew. Results The total flight time and average annual flight time of the aircrew in case group were significantly longer than those in the control group [4700(3015, 6200) h vs. 4050(3000, 5275) h,P=0.048; 168.82(129.79, 200.81) h vs. 147.73(120.26, 185.11) h, P=0.045]. The prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia were higher in case group than those in control group [28.2%(31/110) vs. 14.5%(16/110), P=0.015; 56.4%(62/110) vs. 32.7%(36/110),P=0.000]. The percentage of aircrew without any risk factors of atherosclerosis was lower in case group than that in control group[12.7%(14/110) vs. 21.8%(24/110)], while the percentage of aircrew with ≥4 risk factors was significantly higher in case group than that in control group [12.7%(14/110) vs. 0%(0/110)]. Significant difference existed in the number of atherosclerotic risk factors between the two groups (P=0.003). Logistic regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia and average annual flight time were the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew (P<0.05). Conclusion Hyperlipidemia and the long average annual flying time have a significant influence on the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew.

, correspAuthors=Da-Wei Chen, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Cong Zhao, Guang-Yun Zhang, Fen Yang, Yan-Wei Yin, Wen-Ping Li, Jin Shi, Da-Wei Chen), CN=ArticleExt(id=1210676792046776367, articleId=1210676791426020352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=CN, title=飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的回顾性分析, columnId=1190310109164180259, journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, columnName=临床研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 探讨飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的相关危险因素。方法 纳入2016年1月—2019年12月在空军特色医学中心住院并进行颈动脉超声检查的飞行人员进行回顾性分析。病例组为超声诊断为颈动脉粥样硬化的飞行人员(n=110),按照1:1的比例收集同期年龄、性别匹配的颈动脉超声正常的飞行人员作为对照组(n=110),比较两组飞行人员动脉粥样硬化危险因素及飞行因素的差异,并采用logistic回归分析探讨飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。结果 病例组的总飞行时间及年均飞行时间明显长于对照组[4700(3015, 6200) h vs. 4050(3000, 5275) h,P=0.048;168.82(129.79, 200.81) h vs. 147.73(120.26, 185.11) h,P=0.045],高血压及高脂血症患病率明显高于对照组[28.2%(31/110) vs. 14.5%(16/110),P=0.015;56.4%(62/110) vs. 32.7%(36/110),P=0.000]。病例组无动脉粥样硬化危险因素的飞行人员百分比低于对照组[12.7%(14/110) vs. 21.8%(24/110)],而危险因素个数≥4个的飞行人员百分比明显高于对照组[12.7%(14/110) vs. 0%(0/110)],两组动脉粥样硬化危险因素个数差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,高脂血症及年均飞行时间是飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 高脂血症病史及年均飞行时间过长对飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的发病有明显影响。

, correspAuthors=陈大伟, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
陈大伟,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=+N08Gq4wqFucfz7nAKXtPQ==, magXml=mbVV0JfloraqlBcRb1OpoA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=e45YISWpQBaGnRPUebGaVw==, pdfFileSize=817289, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=lJ7neHWg10fre/PFEgnmWg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

赵聪,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事航空航天神经病学方面的研究

, authorsList=赵聪, 张光运, 杨芬, 尹延伟, 李文平, 石进, 陈大伟)}, authors=[Author(id=1210676792323600457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210676792453623887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676792323600457, language=EN, stringName=Cong Zhao, firstName=Cong, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210676792550092887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676792323600457, language=CN, stringName=赵聪, firstName=聪, middleName=null, lastName=赵, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142, bio={"content":"

赵聪,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事航空航天神经病学方面的研究

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

赵聪,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事航空航天神经病学方面的研究

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])]), Author(id=1210676792638173275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210676792743030882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676792638173275, language=EN, stringName=Guang-Yun Zhang, firstName=Guang-Yun, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210676792843694186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676792638173275, language=CN, stringName=张光运, firstName=光运, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])]), Author(id=1210676792952746097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210676793082769530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676792952746097, language=EN, stringName=Fen Yang, firstName=Fen, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210676793183432833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676792952746097, language=CN, stringName=杨芬, firstName=芬, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])]), Author(id=1210676793279901833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210676793380565134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676793279901833, language=EN, stringName=Yan-Wei Yin, firstName=Yan-Wei, middleName=null, lastName=Yin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210676793510588567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676793279901833, language=CN, stringName=尹延伟, firstName=延伟, middleName=null, lastName=尹, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])]), Author(id=1210676793607057562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210676793737080995, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676793607057562, language=EN, stringName=Wen-Ping Li, firstName=Wen-Ping, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210676793841938600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676793607057562, language=CN, stringName=李文平, firstName=文平, middleName=null, lastName=李, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])]), Author(id=1210676793992933549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210676794097791154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676793992933549, language=EN, stringName=Jin Shi, firstName=Jin, middleName=null, lastName=Shi, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210676794223620279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676793992933549, language=CN, stringName=石进, firstName=进, middleName=null, lastName=石, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])]), Author(id=1210676794315894974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=cdw1975@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1210676794416558273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676794315894974, language=EN, stringName=Da-Wei Chen, firstName=Da-Wei, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1210676794529804490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, authorId=1210676794315894974, language=CN, stringName=陈大伟, firstName=大伟, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1210676794622079182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=aircrew), Keyword(id=1210676794701770962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=carotid atherosclerosis), Keyword(id=1210676794764685525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=risk factors), Keyword(id=1210676794856960218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=retrospective study), Keyword(id=1210676794970206431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=飞行人员), Keyword(id=1210676795049898210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=颈动脉粥样硬化), Keyword(id=1210676795163144424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=危险因素), Keyword(id=1210676795238641901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=回顾性研究)], refs=[Reference(id=1210676795922313485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=29, issue=2, pageStart=114, pageEnd=118, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Li WP, Shi J, Chen XT, journalName=Chin J Aerospace Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li WP, Shi J, Chen XT, et al. A retrospective study of the causal relationship between cerebral and carotid artery stenosis and grounding rate in the flying personnel with silent brain infarction[J]. Chin J Aerospace Med, 2018, 29(2): 114-118., articleTitle=A retrospective study of the causal relationship between cerebral and carotid artery stenosis and grounding rate in the flying personnel with silent brain infarction, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796123640082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=29, issue=2, pageStart=114, pageEnd=118, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=李文平, 石进, 陈雪涛, journalName=中华航空航天医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[李文平, 石进, 陈雪涛, 等. 无症状性脑梗死飞行人员头颈部动脉狭窄与停飞情况的研究[J]. 中华航空航天医学杂志, 2018, 29(2): 114-118.], articleTitle=无症状性脑梗死飞行人员头颈部动脉狭窄与停飞情况的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796236886294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=27, issue=4, pageStart=245, pageEnd=252, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Chinese Experts Consensus group of Diagnosis and Flight Risk Assessment for Asymptomatic Cerebral Infarction in Pilots, journalName=Chin J Aerospace Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chinese Experts Consensus group of Diagnosis and Flight Risk Assessment for Asymptomatic Cerebral Infarction in Pilots. Chinese experts consensus on diagnosis and flight risk assessment for the asymptomatic cerebral infarction in pilots[J]. Chin J Aerospace Med, 2016, 27(4): 245-252., articleTitle=Chinese experts consensus on diagnosis and flight risk assessment for the asymptomatic cerebral infarction in pilots, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796320772377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=27, issue=4, pageStart=245, pageEnd=252, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=飞行人员无症状脑梗死的诊断和飞行风险评估中国专家共识组, journalName=中华航空航天医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[飞行人员无症状脑梗死的诊断和飞行风险评估中国专家共识组. 飞行人员无症状脑梗死的诊断和飞行风险评估中国专家共识[J]. 中华航空航天医学杂志, 2016, 27(4): 245-252.], articleTitle=飞行人员无症状脑梗死的诊断和飞行风险评估中国专家共识, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796404658461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=2, issue=5, pageStart=e194873, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Parish S, Arnold M, Clarke R, journalName=JAMA Netw Open, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Parish S, Arnold M, Clarke R, et al. Assessment of the role of carotid atherosclerosis in the association between major cardiovascular risk factors and ischemic stroke subtypes[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2019, 2(5): e194873., articleTitle=Assessment of the role of carotid atherosclerosis in the association between major cardiovascular risk factors and ischemic stroke subtypes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796475961631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=19, issue=9, pageStart=1042, pageEnd=1050, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Sillesen H, Sartori S, Sandholt B, journalName=Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sillesen H, Sartori S, Sandholt B, et al. Carotid plaque thickness and carotid plaque burden predict future cardiovascular events in asymptomatic adult Americans[J]. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging, 2018, 19(9): 1042-1050., articleTitle=Carotid plaque thickness and carotid plaque burden predict future cardiovascular events in asymptomatic adult Americans, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796559847716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=76, issue=6, pageStart=802, pageEnd=809, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Yin JH, Song ZY, Shan PF, journalName=Clin Endocrinol(Oxf), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yin JH, Song ZY, Shan PF, et al. Age- and gender-specific prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and its association with metabolic syndrome in Hangzhou, China[J]. Clin Endocrinol(Oxf), 2012, 76(6): 802-809., articleTitle=Age- and gender-specific prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and its association with metabolic syndrome in Hangzhou, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796647928102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=17, issue=6, pageStart=346, pageEnd=352, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=7, authorNames=The Professional Committee of Vascular Ultrasound of Stroke Prevention and Treatment Expert, Committee of the National Health Commission, the Professional Committee of Superficial Organ and Peripheral Vascular Ultrasound of the Chinese Medical Ultrasound Engineering, the Professional Committee of Craniocerebral and Cervical Vascular Ultrasound of the Chinese Medical Ultrasound Engineering, journalName=Chin J Cerebrovasc Dis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=The Professional Committee of Vascular Ultrasound of Stroke Prevention and Treatment Expert, Committee of the National Health Commission; the Professional Committee of Superficial Organ and Peripheral Vascular Ultrasound of the Chinese Medical Ultrasound Engineering; the Professional Committee of Craniocerebral and Cervical Vascular Ultrasound of the Chinese Medical Ultrasound Engineering. Expert consensus on some problems of cerebral and carotid vascular ultrasonography (part of carotid)[J]. Chin J Cerebrovasc Dis, 2020, 17(6): 346-352., articleTitle=Expert consensus on some problems of cerebral and carotid vascular ultrasonography (part of carotid), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796740202796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=17, issue=6, pageStart=346, pageEnd=352, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=国家卫生健康委员会脑卒中防治专家委员会血管超声专业委员会, 中国超声医学工程学会浅表器官及外周血管超声专业委员会, 中国超声医学工程学会颅脑及颈部血管超声专业委员会, journalName=中国脑血管病杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[国家卫生健康委员会脑卒中防治专家委员会血管超声专业委员会, 中国超声医学工程学会浅表器官及外周血管超声专业委员会, 中国超声医学工程学会颅脑及颈部血管超声专业委员会. 头颈部血管超声若干问题的专家共识(颈动脉部分)[J]. 中国脑血管病杂志, 2020, 17(6): 346-352.], articleTitle=头颈部血管超声若干问题的专家共识(颈动脉部分), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796836671789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=269, issue=null, pageStart=129, pageEnd=137, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Tedesco CC, Veglia F, de Faire U, journalName=Atherosclerosis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tedesco CC, Veglia F, de Faire U, et al. Association of lifelong occupation and educational level with subclinical atherosclerosis in different European regions. Results from the IMPROVE study[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2018, 269: 129-137., articleTitle=Association of lifelong occupation and educational level with subclinical atherosclerosis in different European regions. Results from the IMPROVE study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676796945723697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=25, issue=4, pageStart=256, pageEnd=259, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Ba TJ, Zheng J, Liu J, journalName=Space Med Med Eng, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ba TJ, Zheng J, Liu J, et al. Early detection of arteriosclerosis in pilots and related risk factor analysis[J]. Space Med Med Eng, 2012, 25(4): 256-259., articleTitle=Early detection of arteriosclerosis in pilots and related risk factor analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797063164211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=25, issue=4, pageStart=256, pageEnd=259, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=巴特金, 郑军, 刘晶, journalName=航天医学与医学工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[巴特金, 郑军, 刘晶, 等. 飞行人员动脉硬化早期检测及相关危险因素分析[J]. 航天医学与医学工程, 2012, 25(4): 256-259.], articleTitle=飞行人员动脉硬化早期检测及相关危险因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797151244598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=13, issue=3, pageStart=237, pageEnd=239, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Liang GM, Gong L, Wang DL, journalName=Chin J Health Case Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liang GM, Gong L, Wang DL, et al. Analysis of carotid ultrasonography and correlation factors in aircrew[J]. Chin J Health Case Med, 2011, 13(3): 237-239., articleTitle=Analysis of carotid ultrasonography and correlation factors in aircrew, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797256102202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=13, issue=3, pageStart=237, pageEnd=239, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=13, authorNames=梁谷米, 龚林, 王达理, journalName=中华保健医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[梁谷米, 龚林, 王达理, 等. 飞行人员颈动脉超声检查结果及相关因素分析[J]. 中华保健医学杂志, 2011, 13(3): 237-239.], articleTitle=飞行人员颈动脉超声检查结果及相关因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797339988286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=15, issue=6, pageStart=519, pageEnd=527, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Mamudu HM, Alamian A, Paul T, journalName=Diab Vasc Dis Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mamudu HM, Alamian A, Paul T, et al. Diabetes, subclinical atherosclerosis and multiple cardiovascular risk factors in hard-to-reach asymptomatic patients[J]. Diab Vasc Dis Res, 2018, 15(6): 519-527., articleTitle=Diabetes, subclinical atherosclerosis and multiple cardiovascular risk factors in hard-to-reach asymptomatic patients, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797432262978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=88, issue=null, pageStart=140, pageEnd=146, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Mamudu HM, Paul TK, Wang L, journalName=Prev Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mamudu HM, Paul TK, Wang L, et al. The effects of multiple coronary artery disease risk factors on subclinical atherosclerosis in a rural population in the United States[J]. Prev Med, 2016, 88: 140-146., articleTitle=The effects of multiple coronary artery disease risk factors on subclinical atherosclerosis in a rural population in the United States, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797516149060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=3, issue=7, pageStart=e2011444, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Han D, Berman DS, Miller RJH, journalName=JAMA Netw Open, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Han D, Berman DS, Miller RJH, et al. Association of cardiovascular disease risk factor burden with progression of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by serial coronary computed tomographic angiography[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2020, 3(7): e2011444., articleTitle=Association of cardiovascular disease risk factor burden with progression of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by serial coronary computed tomographic angiography, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797612618053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=25, issue=4, pageStart=247, pageEnd=250, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Zhang XM, Zhang YL, Liu HJ, journalName=Chin J Aerosp Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang XM, Zhang YL, Liu HJ, et al. Analysis of risk factors of asymptomatic cerebral infarction in aircrews[J]. Chin J Aerosp Med, 2014, 25(4): 247-250., articleTitle=Analysis of risk factors of asymptomatic cerebral infarction in aircrews, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797688115531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=25, issue=4, pageStart=247, pageEnd=250, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=18, authorNames=张晓敏, 张焱磊, 刘红巾, journalName=中华航空航天医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[张晓敏, 张焱磊, 刘红巾, 等. 飞行人员无症状性脑梗死的危险因素分析[J]. 中华航空航天医学杂志, 2014, 25(4): 247-250.], articleTitle=飞行人员无症状性脑梗死的危险因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797759418700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=1, issue=null, pageStart=316, pageEnd=320, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Fereshtehnejad SM, Mehrpour M, Mahmoodi SMH, journalName=Perspect Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fereshtehnejad SM, Mehrpour M, Mahmoodi SMH, et al. The long-term effects of hypobaric and hyperbaric conditions on brain hemodynamic: a transcranial Doppler ultrasonography of blood flow velocity of middle cerebral and basilar arteries in pilots and divers[J]. Perspect Med, 2012, 1: 316-320., articleTitle=The long-term effects of hypobaric and hyperbaric conditions on brain hemodynamic: a transcranial Doppler ultrasonography of blood flow velocity of middle cerebral and basilar arteries in pilots and divers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797847499089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=2015, issue=null, pageStart=434803, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Maier JA, Cialdai F, Monici M, journalName=Biomed Res Int, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Maier JA, Cialdai F, Monici M, et al. The impact of microgravity and hypergravity on endothelial cells[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015: 434803., articleTitle=The impact of microgravity and hypergravity on endothelial cells, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797914607954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=115, issue=10, pageStart=2624, pageEnd=2631, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Kim D, Kwon S, journalName=Biotechnol Bioeng, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim D, Kwon S. Mechanical load increase-induced changes in cytoskeletal structure and cellular barrier function in human cerebral endothelial cells[J]. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2018, 115(10): 2624-2631., articleTitle=Mechanical load increase-induced changes in cytoskeletal structure and cellular barrier function in human cerebral endothelial cells, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676797994299733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=9, issue=24, pageStart=e016479, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Limper U, Ahnert T, Maegele M, journalName=J Am Heart Assoc, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Limper U, Ahnert T, Maegele M, et al. Simulated hypergravity activates hemostasis in healthy volunteers[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2020, 9(24): e016479., articleTitle=Simulated hypergravity activates hemostasis in healthy volunteers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676798053019992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=120, issue=1, pageStart=727, pageEnd=737, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Tang NP, Hui TT, Ma J, journalName=J Cell Biochem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang NP, Hui TT, Ma J, et al. Effects of miR-503-5p on apoptosis of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in simulated microgravity[J]. J Cell Biochem, 2019, 120(1): 727-737., articleTitle=Effects of miR-503-5p on apoptosis of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in simulated microgravity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676798153683291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=15, issue=3, pageStart=396, pageEnd=405, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Rubenstein DA, Yin W, journalName=High Alt Med Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rubenstein DA, Yin W. Hypergravity and hypobaric hypoxic conditions promote endothelial cell and platelet activation[J]. High Alt Med Biol, 2014, 15(3): 396-405., articleTitle=Hypergravity and hypobaric hypoxic conditions promote endothelial cell and platelet activation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676798233375070, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=24, issue=9, pageStart=884, pageEnd=894, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Abe H, Semba H, Takeda N, journalName=J Atheroscler Thromb, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Abe H, Semba H, Takeda N. The roles of hypoxia signaling in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases[J]. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2017, 24(9): 884-894., articleTitle=The roles of hypoxia signaling in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1210676798334038371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=774, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Liu M, Galli G, Wang Y, journalName=Front Physiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu M, Galli G, Wang Y, et al. Novel therapeutic targets for hypoxia-related cardiovascular diseases: the role of HIF-1[J]. Front Physiol, 2020, 11: 774., articleTitle=Novel therapeutic targets for hypoxia-related cardiovascular diseases: the role of HIF-1, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1210676795725181185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, awardId=BKJ19B050, language=EN, fundingSource=National Military Standard Program(BKJ19B050), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1210676795809067270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, awardId=BKJ19B050, language=CN, fundingSource=国家军用标准项目(BKJ19B050), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1210676792239714370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792248102979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1210676792256491588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, companyId=1210676792239714370, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1210676795389636849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Analysis of the related factors of carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目对照组(n=110)病例组(n=110)P
飞行职业[例(%)]  0.224
 飞行员71(64.5)80(72.7)
 战、技勤人员39(35.4)30(27.3)
飞行机种[例(%)]  0.071
 歼击机39(35.4)29(26.4)
 直升机46(41.8)42(38.2)
 轰炸、运输机25(22.7)39(35.5)
总飞行时间[h,M(Q1Q3)]4050(3000,5275)4700(3015,6200)0.048
年均飞行时间[h,M(Q1Q3)]147.73(120.26,185.11)168.82(129.79,200.81)0.045
高血压[例(%)]16(14.5)31(28.2)0.015
高脂血症[例(%)]36(32.7)62(56.4)0.000
糖尿病[例(%)]6(5.5)9(8.2)0.402
冠心病[例(%)]8(7.3)12(10.9)0.327
吸烟[例(%)]42(38.2)43(39.1)0.807
长期饮酒[例(%)]3(2.7)6(5.5)0.807
体重指数(kg/m2,$\bar{x}±s$)25.10±1.8225.24±2.200.607
空腹血糖(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)5.29±0.735.39±0.720.054
总胆固醇(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)4.49±0.894.62±0.930.274
三酰甘油(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)1.59±1.041.48±0.840.505
低密度脂蛋白(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)2.63±0.672.78±0.760.122
高密度脂蛋白(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)1.16±0.241.19±0.250.382
脂蛋白A (mg/L,$\bar{x}±s$)159.01±187.67146.62±157.180.491
), ArticleFig(id=1210676795465134325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化相关因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目对照组(n=110)病例组(n=110)P
飞行职业[例(%)]  0.224
 飞行员71(64.5)80(72.7)
 战、技勤人员39(35.4)30(27.3)
飞行机种[例(%)]  0.071
 歼击机39(35.4)29(26.4)
 直升机46(41.8)42(38.2)
 轰炸、运输机25(22.7)39(35.5)
总飞行时间[h,M(Q1Q3)]4050(3000,5275)4700(3015,6200)0.048
年均飞行时间[h,M(Q1Q3)]147.73(120.26,185.11)168.82(129.79,200.81)0.045
高血压[例(%)]16(14.5)31(28.2)0.015
高脂血症[例(%)]36(32.7)62(56.4)0.000
糖尿病[例(%)]6(5.5)9(8.2)0.402
冠心病[例(%)]8(7.3)12(10.9)0.327
吸烟[例(%)]42(38.2)43(39.1)0.807
长期饮酒[例(%)]3(2.7)6(5.5)0.807
体重指数(kg/m2,$\bar{x}±s$)25.10±1.8225.24±2.200.607
空腹血糖(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)5.29±0.735.39±0.720.054
总胆固醇(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)4.49±0.894.62±0.930.274
三酰甘油(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)1.59±1.041.48±0.840.505
低密度脂蛋白(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)2.63±0.672.78±0.760.122
高密度脂蛋白(mmol/L,$\bar{x}±s$)1.16±0.241.19±0.250.382
脂蛋白A (mg/L,$\bar{x}±s$)159.01±187.67146.62±157.180.491
), ArticleFig(id=1210676795544826104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Logistic regression analysis of the risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
危险因素β标准误Wald χ2POR(95%CI)
飞行机种
 歼击机1.000
 直升机0.4530.4271.1230.2891.573(0.681~3.636)
 轰炸、运输机0.4360.3441.6090.2051.546(0.788~3.033)
高脂血症
 1.000
 0.8590.2288.9040.0032.361(1.343~4.150)
高血压
 1.000
 0.6100.3602.8720.0901.841(0.909~3.729)
年均飞行时间(h)
 <1001.000
 <2000.2250.5450.1700.6801.252(0.431~3.640)
 <300-0.0880.6300.0200.8890.916(0.266~3.147)
 ≥3002.4331.1974.1330.04211.394(1.091~118.951)
空腹血糖(mmol/L)
 ≤6.11.000
 >6.1-0.2370.5040.2210.6380.789(0.294~2.119)
), ArticleFig(id=1210676795620323580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1210676791426020352, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
危险因素β标准误Wald χ2POR(95%CI)
飞行机种
 歼击机1.000
 直升机0.4530.4271.1230.2891.573(0.681~3.636)
 轰炸、运输机0.4360.3441.6090.2051.546(0.788~3.033)
高脂血症
 1.000
 0.8590.2288.9040.0032.361(1.343~4.150)
高血压
 1.000
 0.6100.3602.8720.0901.841(0.909~3.729)
年均飞行时间(h)
 <1001.000
 <2000.2250.5450.1700.6801.252(0.431~3.640)
 <300-0.0880.6300.0200.8890.916(0.266~3.147)
 ≥3002.4331.1974.1330.04211.394(1.091~118.951)
空腹血糖(mmol/L)
 ≤6.11.000
 >6.1-0.2370.5040.2210.6380.789(0.294~2.119)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441329971666965, delFlag=0, nameCn=解放军医学杂志, nameEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0577-7402, eissn=null, cn=11-1056/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=CC BY-NC-ND, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262512917, updatedTime=1761735725513, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, picEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369167564968109, language=CN, name=解放军医学杂志, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725537, updatedTime=1761735725537, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369167615299758, language=EN, name=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725549, updatedTime=1761735725549, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189873630562394117, websiteList=[Website(id=1189873845923287108, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761617631655, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622010471, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=解放军医学杂志, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924939378520839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629813284, updateTime=1761629813284, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939353355012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629813278, updateTime=1761629813278, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939399492362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813289, updateTime=1761629813289, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939344966403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629813276, updateTime=1761629813276, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939412075276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813292, updateTime=1761629813292, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939374326534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761629813283, updateTime=1761629813283, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939407880971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813291, updateTime=1761629813291, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939361743621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761629813280, updateTime=1761629813280, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939386909448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629813286, updateTime=1761629813286, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939395298057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629813288, updateTime=1761629813288, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189873846057504839, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761617631687, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622030030, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924968168223505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629820148, updateTime=1761629820148, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968147251982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629820143, updateTime=1761629820143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968185000724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820152, updateTime=1761629820152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968138863373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629820141, updateTime=1761629820141, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968197583638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820155, updateTime=1761629820155, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968159834896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761629820146, updateTime=1761629820146, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968193389333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820154, updateTime=1761629820154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968155640591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761629820145, updateTime=1761629820145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968172417810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629820149, updateTime=1761629820149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968180806419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629820151, updateTime=1761629820151, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://zh.jfjyxzz.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, journalPhotoCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPhotoEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的回顾性分析
收藏切换
PDF下载
赵聪 , 张光运 , 杨芬 , 尹延伟 , 李文平 , 石进 , 陈大伟 *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2021,46(5): 481-485
收起
收藏切换
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2021, 46(5): 481-485
飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的回顾性分析
全屏
赵聪, 张光运, 杨芬, 尹延伟, 李文平, 石进, 陈大伟*
作者信息
  • 空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142
  • 赵聪,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事航空航天神经病学方面的研究

通讯作者:

陈大伟,E-mail:
Retrospective analysis of risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew
Cong Zhao, Guang-Yun Zhang, Fen Yang, Yan-Wei Yin, Wen-Ping Li, Jin Shi, Da-Wei Chen*
Affiliations
  • Department of Neurology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing 100142, China
出版时间: 2021-05-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09
文章导航
收藏切换

目的 探讨飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的相关危险因素。方法 纳入2016年1月—2019年12月在空军特色医学中心住院并进行颈动脉超声检查的飞行人员进行回顾性分析。病例组为超声诊断为颈动脉粥样硬化的飞行人员(n=110),按照1:1的比例收集同期年龄、性别匹配的颈动脉超声正常的飞行人员作为对照组(n=110),比较两组飞行人员动脉粥样硬化危险因素及飞行因素的差异,并采用logistic回归分析探讨飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。结果 病例组的总飞行时间及年均飞行时间明显长于对照组[4700(3015, 6200) h vs. 4050(3000, 5275) h,P=0.048;168.82(129.79, 200.81) h vs. 147.73(120.26, 185.11) h,P=0.045],高血压及高脂血症患病率明显高于对照组[28.2%(31/110) vs. 14.5%(16/110),P=0.015;56.4%(62/110) vs. 32.7%(36/110),P=0.000]。病例组无动脉粥样硬化危险因素的飞行人员百分比低于对照组[12.7%(14/110) vs. 21.8%(24/110)],而危险因素个数≥4个的飞行人员百分比明显高于对照组[12.7%(14/110) vs. 0%(0/110)],两组动脉粥样硬化危险因素个数差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,高脂血症及年均飞行时间是飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 高脂血症病史及年均飞行时间过长对飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的发病有明显影响。

飞行人员  /  颈动脉粥样硬化  /  危险因素  /  回顾性研究

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew. Methods With a retrospective case-control study, aircrew admitted in the Air Force Medical Center from January 2016 to December 2019 and underwent carotid artery ultrasound examination were recruited as the subjects. Those ultrasound diagnosed as carotid atherosclerosis(n=110) were set as case group, and age- and sex-matched aircrew with normal ultrasonography (n=110) were as control group. The differences in risk factors of atherosclerosis and flight factors between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew. Results The total flight time and average annual flight time of the aircrew in case group were significantly longer than those in the control group [4700(3015, 6200) h vs. 4050(3000, 5275) h,P=0.048; 168.82(129.79, 200.81) h vs. 147.73(120.26, 185.11) h, P=0.045]. The prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia were higher in case group than those in control group [28.2%(31/110) vs. 14.5%(16/110), P=0.015; 56.4%(62/110) vs. 32.7%(36/110),P=0.000]. The percentage of aircrew without any risk factors of atherosclerosis was lower in case group than that in control group[12.7%(14/110) vs. 21.8%(24/110)], while the percentage of aircrew with ≥4 risk factors was significantly higher in case group than that in control group [12.7%(14/110) vs. 0%(0/110)]. Significant difference existed in the number of atherosclerotic risk factors between the two groups (P=0.003). Logistic regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia and average annual flight time were the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew (P<0.05). Conclusion Hyperlipidemia and the long average annual flying time have a significant influence on the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew.

aircrew  /  carotid atherosclerosis  /  risk factors  /  retrospective study
赵聪, 张光运, 杨芬, 尹延伟, 李文平, 石进, 陈大伟. 飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的回顾性分析. 解放军医学杂志, 2021 , 46 (5) : 481 -485 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09
Cong Zhao, Guang-Yun Zhang, Fen Yang, Yan-Wei Yin, Wen-Ping Li, Jin Shi, Da-Wei Chen. Retrospective analysis of risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in aircrew[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2021 , 46 (5) : 481 -485 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09
脑动脉粥样硬化和狭窄是造成飞行人员脑梗死及停飞的重要原因,因此,早期对飞行人员进行血管评估,尽早发现病变并实施干预,有利于预防飞行人员脑血管疾病的发生[1-2]。颈动脉是评价全身动脉尤其是头颈部动脉粥样硬化情况的重要“窗口”[3-4],故评估飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化情况对防治脑血管疾病、维护部队战斗力具有重要意义。尽管目前已有大量关于颈动脉粥样硬化的流行病学研究,但缺乏军事飞行人员这一特殊群体的颈动脉粥样硬化的系统性研究,尚不清楚飞行因素对其颈动脉粥样硬化的影响。本研究采用病例对照方法回顾性分析了我国军事飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素,以期为其早期诊治及预防提供依据。
收集2016年1月—2019年12月在空军特色医学中心住院体检的现役飞行人员。纳入标准:(1)完成颈部动脉超声检查,评估的颈部血管包括双侧颈总动脉和颈内动脉;(2)临床资料完整。共筛选出符合条件的1687名飞行人员,将其中诊断为颈动脉粥样硬化的110例作为病例组。考虑年龄、性别是颈动脉粥样硬化最重要的危险因素[5],因此将所有符合条件的1687名飞行员按年龄每间隔5岁分为一个组,然后采用抽签法从无颈动脉粥样硬化的飞行人员中按照1:1的比例随机抽取与病例组同年龄、同性别的110名飞行人员作为对照组。本研究已通过空军特色医学中心伦理委员会批准。
采用飞利浦IU22型超声诊断仪对飞行人员进行颈部动脉超声检查。在颈总动脉远段和(或)颈动脉球部,避开粥样硬化斑块,测量内膜上缘至外膜上缘的垂直距离,即为血管壁的内中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT),对颈总动脉和颅外颈内动脉全程进行动脉粥样斑块的筛查[6]。将超声中下述所见定义为颈动脉粥样硬化。(1)IMT增厚:1.0 mm≤IMT<1.5 mm;(2)颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成:IMT≥1.5 mm,向管腔内凸出或形成局限性增厚且高于周边IMT的50%[6]
收集患者的一般资料(包括年龄、性别、身高、体重)、飞行资料(总飞行时间、年平均飞行时间、飞行机种、飞行职业)、既往病史(包括高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、冠心病)、个人史(包括吸烟史、过量饮酒史)以及空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、脂蛋白A等其他脑血管病危险因素。吸烟定义为连续吸烟至少1年,每天至少1支。过量饮酒定义为每天摄入酒精含量>25 g。由两名经过培训的人员通过飞行人员住院期间的电子病历分别进行资料收集。当收集资料不一致时,由第三者加以确认。
采用SPSS 25.0软件处理数据。符合正态分布的计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,组间比较采用t检验;非正态分布的计量资料以M(Q1Q3)表示,组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。多因素分析采用logistic回归分析,采用Enter法筛选危险因素,采用比值比(odds ratio,OR)及95%可信区间(95%CI)估计研究因素与疾病之间的关联强度。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
共1687名飞行人员行颈动脉超声检查。其中诊断为颈动脉粥样硬化者110例,占6.5%,年龄29~57(48.73±6.61)岁。病例组患者均为男性,包括飞行员80例,战、技勤人员30例(其中领航员12例,通信员3例,机械师13例,侦察师1例,摄像师1例);所驾驶机种包括歼击机(29例)、直升机(42例)、轰炸机(5例)及运输机(34例)。110例患者中,IMT增厚36例(32.7%),颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成74例(67.3%)。对照组110名均为男性,年龄28~57(48.37±6.40)岁,与病例组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.533)。对照组人员包括飞行员71名,战、技勤人员39名(其中领航员11名,通信员1名,机械师26名,侦察师1名);所驾驶机种包括歼击机(39名)、直升机(46名)、轰炸机(4名)及运输机(21名)。两组一般资料具体见表1
两组飞行人员在总飞行时间、年均飞行时间、高血压病史及高脂血症病史方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而在年龄、飞行机种、飞行职业、糖尿病史、冠心病史、吸烟史、长期饮酒史、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、脂蛋白A等方面差异无统计学意义(表1)。
病例组中,14例(12.7%)无动脉粥样硬化危险因素,有危险因素者96例(87.3%),其中仅有1个危险因素者28例(25.5%),有2个危险因素者29例(26.4%),有3个危险因素者25例(22.7%),有4个危险因素者11例(10.0%),有5个危险因素者3例(2.7%)。而在对照组中,24名(21.8%)无动脉粥样硬化危险因素,有危险因素者86名(78.2%),其中仅有1个危险因素者35名(31.8%),有2个危险因素者29名(26.4%),有3个危险因素者22名(20.0%)。病例组无危险因素的飞行人员百分比低于对照组,而危险因素个数≥4个的飞行人员百分比明显高于对照组,两组飞行人员动脉粥样硬化危险因素个数差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.601,P=0.003)。
对单因素分析筛选出的危险因素进行相关性分析发现,总飞行时间与年均飞行时间存在高度相关性,总飞行时间与年龄亦存在相关性。为避免共线性带来的统计学干扰,且年均飞行时间能较好地体现飞行训练强度,本研究纳入单因素分析中P<0.1的因素(飞行机种、年均飞行时间、高血压病史、高脂血症病史、空腹血糖)进行二元logistic回归分析。结果显示,年均飞行时间及高脂血症病史为飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素(P<0.05,表2)。
动脉粥样硬化是大多数心脑血管疾病的主要病因,早期可无症状,极易被忽视,及早发现动脉粥样硬化并实施干预是预防心脑血管疾病的有效措施。目前,血管超声技术是评价动脉粥样硬化情况的常用手段,其中颈动脉超声应用最多,可准确测量IMT及斑块形成状况。研究表明,颈动脉粥样硬化与缺血性卒中的发生密切相关[3],因此,颈动脉超声评估被作为卒中和心血管疾病高危人群临床筛查的重要手段,具有重要意义。
研究表明,颈动脉粥样硬化的患病率与年龄、性别及职业等人口学特征相关[7]。国内一项流行病学调查结果显示,我国40~49岁普通人群的颈动脉粥样硬化患病率为5.5%,男性低于女性[5]。本研究的飞行人员以中青年男性为主,颈动脉粥样硬化检出率为6.5%,稍高于普通人群水平,因此,对飞行人员进行更早的筛查和更强有力的干预尤为重要。2012年巴特金等[8]报道的飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化患病率为28.4%,明显高于本研究的结果,可能有以下原因:(1)近10年来,我国不断完善飞行员选拔机制和标准,飞行人员在入伍前经严格筛查,身体素质和文化素质明显提高,飞行人员更加注重自身健康;(2)飞行人员医疗保健体系逐步得到健全,详尽的体检有利于疾病的早期诊断和干预;(3)两研究中颈动脉IMT增厚的标准略有不同,巴特金等[8]将IMT≥0.9 mm定义为IMT增厚,而本研究根据最新指南将IMT≥1.0 mm定义为IMT增厚[6]
目前,关于飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的病例对照研究仍较少。就非职业因素而言,巴特金等[8]认为收缩压升高是飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素。梁谷米等[9]研究发现,飞行人员颈动脉中膜厚度与腰围、血压、三酰甘油及尿酸呈正相关,与高密度脂蛋白呈负相关。本研究发现,飞行人员的颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素与普通人群不同,两组在高血压、高脂血症病史方面差异有统计学意义,而在冠心病史、糖尿病史、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白等方面差异无统计学意义,可能是因为飞行人员及时进行了生活方式及药物干预,弱化了此类因素对颈动脉粥样硬化的影响。这也从侧面体现了我军健全的医疗保障体系在及时诊断、尽早治疗方面的优越性。在单因素分析中,两组人员高血压、高脂血症及年均飞行时间的差异有统计学意义,而logistic回归分析结果显示,仅高脂血症及年均飞行时间为飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素,可能原因为高血压对飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的影响部分与飞行因素相关。飞行人员在飞行过程中肾素-血管紧张素系统持续激活,导致血压升高,进而加速动脉粥样硬化,因而在logistic回归分析中高血压并不是飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素。
虽然本研究发现单个危险因素与飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化关系有限,但病例组危险因素的数量明显多于对照组,对照组飞行人员危险因素均≤3个,而病例组>10%的飞行人员危险因素个数≥4个,提示飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化可能与多个危险因素的联合效应相关,这与其他研究结果一致[10-12]。因此,重视多重危险因素的协同致病作用,根据危险因素个数对飞行人员进行颈动脉粥样硬化风险分层,及时发现高风险个体,尽早干预所有危险因素,对于防治飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化具有重要意义。
本研究还发现,病例组的总飞行时间及年均飞行时间均高于对照组,且logistic回归分析发现年均飞行时间为飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素,提示飞行因素尤其是飞行训练强度是促进颈动脉粥样硬化发生的危险因素。张晓敏等[13]发现,飞行人员无症状脑梗死病灶数量与飞行时间相关,且多病灶飞行人员的飞行时间长于单病灶飞行人员。此外,还有研究发现,无症状脑梗死飞行人员中伴有头颈部动脉狭窄的患者飞行时间明显长于无狭窄患者[1]。国外一项研究结果显示,飞行时间与大脑中动脉血流速度呈负相关,提示飞行时间可能与脑动脉狭窄相关[14]。上述研究结果提示,飞行因素可能是飞行人员颈或脑动脉粥样硬化的重要危险因素。飞行因素参与颈动脉粥样硬化发生发展的机制仍不清楚,目前研究认为可能与以下因素有关:(1)飞行是一项严谨而复杂的驾驶操作,飞行人员在操控飞机时精神高度集中,交感神经处于兴奋状态,可能对内皮细胞造成一定损伤,加速动脉粥样硬化的形成。(2)飞行时加速度的变化可能对血管内皮细胞造成损伤[15]。血管内皮细胞在超重力状态下,细胞骨架稳定性和细胞间紧密连接被破坏[16],血小板反应性及血液黏稠度增高[17],而失重力处理后内皮细胞的凋亡相关分子表达上调[18],表明加速度的改变可能影响动脉内膜的稳态。(3)高空飞行时人处于低压低氧环境中,此时人体内氮气释放入血,会增加血小板的聚合力及黏附力[19];低氧环境下内皮细胞中的缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia-inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)相关通路被激活,可通过一系列下游分子促进血管内膜的炎症反应,参与动脉粥样硬化的形成[20-21]
飞行人员是部队战斗力的重要组成部分,探究飞行人员颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素对于预防心脑血管疾病的发生、维护战斗力具有重要意义。本研究初步发现,在飞行人员中,除一般危险因素外,飞行职业因素亦可能对颈动脉粥样硬化产生影响。但是本研究也存在一些局限性:为回顾性研究,纳入病例数较少,且未对同型半胱氨酸、睡眠呼吸暂停等相关危险因素进行分析,因此,有必要对飞行人员开展多中心、大样本和全方位的队列研究以进一步验证。随着高性能战机的出现及训练强度的升级,飞行因素对颈动脉粥样硬化的影响可能愈发明显,探讨飞行因素与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系及相关机制是未来航空医学研究的重点。
  • 国家军用标准项目(BKJ19B050)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Li WP, Shi J, Chen XT, et al. A retrospective study of the causal relationship between cerebral and carotid artery stenosis and grounding rate in the flying personnel with silent brain infarction[J]. Chin J Aerospace Med, 2018, 29(2): 114-118.
[李文平, 石进, 陈雪涛, 等. 无症状性脑梗死飞行人员头颈部动脉狭窄与停飞情况的研究[J]. 中华航空航天医学杂志, 2018, 29(2): 114-118.]
[2]
Chinese Experts Consensus group of Diagnosis and Flight Risk Assessment for Asymptomatic Cerebral Infarction in Pilots. Chinese experts consensus on diagnosis and flight risk assessment for the asymptomatic cerebral infarction in pilots[J]. Chin J Aerospace Med, 2016, 27(4): 245-252.
[飞行人员无症状脑梗死的诊断和飞行风险评估中国专家共识组. 飞行人员无症状脑梗死的诊断和飞行风险评估中国专家共识[J]. 中华航空航天医学杂志, 2016, 27(4): 245-252.]
[3]
Parish S, Arnold M, Clarke R, et al. Assessment of the role of carotid atherosclerosis in the association between major cardiovascular risk factors and ischemic stroke subtypes[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2019, 2(5): e194873.
[4]
Sillesen H, Sartori S, Sandholt B, et al. Carotid plaque thickness and carotid plaque burden predict future cardiovascular events in asymptomatic adult Americans[J]. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging, 2018, 19(9): 1042-1050.
[5]
Yin JH, Song ZY, Shan PF, et al. Age- and gender-specific prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and its association with metabolic syndrome in Hangzhou, China[J]. Clin Endocrinol(Oxf), 2012, 76(6): 802-809.
[6]
The Professional Committee of Vascular Ultrasound of Stroke Prevention and Treatment Expert, Committee of the National Health Commission; the Professional Committee of Superficial Organ and Peripheral Vascular Ultrasound of the Chinese Medical Ultrasound Engineering; the Professional Committee of Craniocerebral and Cervical Vascular Ultrasound of the Chinese Medical Ultrasound Engineering. Expert consensus on some problems of cerebral and carotid vascular ultrasonography (part of carotid)[J]. Chin J Cerebrovasc Dis, 2020, 17(6): 346-352.
[国家卫生健康委员会脑卒中防治专家委员会血管超声专业委员会, 中国超声医学工程学会浅表器官及外周血管超声专业委员会, 中国超声医学工程学会颅脑及颈部血管超声专业委员会. 头颈部血管超声若干问题的专家共识(颈动脉部分)[J]. 中国脑血管病杂志, 2020, 17(6): 346-352.]
[7]
Tedesco CC, Veglia F, de Faire U, et al. Association of lifelong occupation and educational level with subclinical atherosclerosis in different European regions. Results from the IMPROVE study[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2018, 269: 129-137.
[8]
Ba TJ, Zheng J, Liu J, et al. Early detection of arteriosclerosis in pilots and related risk factor analysis[J]. Space Med Med Eng, 2012, 25(4): 256-259.
[巴特金, 郑军, 刘晶, 等. 飞行人员动脉硬化早期检测及相关危险因素分析[J]. 航天医学与医学工程, 2012, 25(4): 256-259.]
[9]
Liang GM, Gong L, Wang DL, et al. Analysis of carotid ultrasonography and correlation factors in aircrew[J]. Chin J Health Case Med, 2011, 13(3): 237-239.
[梁谷米, 龚林, 王达理, 等. 飞行人员颈动脉超声检查结果及相关因素分析[J]. 中华保健医学杂志, 2011, 13(3): 237-239.]
[10]
Mamudu HM, Alamian A, Paul T, et al. Diabetes, subclinical atherosclerosis and multiple cardiovascular risk factors in hard-to-reach asymptomatic patients[J]. Diab Vasc Dis Res, 2018, 15(6): 519-527.
[11]
Mamudu HM, Paul TK, Wang L, et al. The effects of multiple coronary artery disease risk factors on subclinical atherosclerosis in a rural population in the United States[J]. Prev Med, 2016, 88: 140-146.
[12]
Han D, Berman DS, Miller RJH, et al. Association of cardiovascular disease risk factor burden with progression of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by serial coronary computed tomographic angiography[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2020, 3(7): e2011444.
[13]
Zhang XM, Zhang YL, Liu HJ, et al. Analysis of risk factors of asymptomatic cerebral infarction in aircrews[J]. Chin J Aerosp Med, 2014, 25(4): 247-250.
[张晓敏, 张焱磊, 刘红巾, 等. 飞行人员无症状性脑梗死的危险因素分析[J]. 中华航空航天医学杂志, 2014, 25(4): 247-250.]
[14]
Fereshtehnejad SM, Mehrpour M, Mahmoodi SMH, et al. The long-term effects of hypobaric and hyperbaric conditions on brain hemodynamic: a transcranial Doppler ultrasonography of blood flow velocity of middle cerebral and basilar arteries in pilots and divers[J]. Perspect Med, 2012, 1: 316-320.
[15]
Maier JA, Cialdai F, Monici M, et al. The impact of microgravity and hypergravity on endothelial cells[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015: 434803.
[16]
Kim D, Kwon S. Mechanical load increase-induced changes in cytoskeletal structure and cellular barrier function in human cerebral endothelial cells[J]. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2018, 115(10): 2624-2631.
[17]
Limper U, Ahnert T, Maegele M, et al. Simulated hypergravity activates hemostasis in healthy volunteers[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2020, 9(24): e016479.
[18]
Tang NP, Hui TT, Ma J, et al. Effects of miR-503-5p on apoptosis of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in simulated microgravity[J]. J Cell Biochem, 2019, 120(1): 727-737.
[19]
Rubenstein DA, Yin W. Hypergravity and hypobaric hypoxic conditions promote endothelial cell and platelet activation[J]. High Alt Med Biol, 2014, 15(3): 396-405.
[20]
Abe H, Semba H, Takeda N. The roles of hypoxia signaling in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases[J]. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2017, 24(9): 884-894.
[21]
Liu M, Galli G, Wang Y, et al. Novel therapeutic targets for hypoxia-related cardiovascular diseases: the role of HIF-1[J]. Front Physiol, 2020, 11: 774.
2021年第46卷第5期
PDF下载
206
88
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09
  • 接收时间:2020-12-22
  • 首发时间:2025-12-24
  • 出版时间:2021-05-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-22
  • 修回日期:2021-02-26
基金
National Military Standard Program(BKJ19B050)
国家军用标准项目(BKJ19B050)
作者信息
    空军特色医学中心神经内科,北京 100142

通讯作者:

陈大伟,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.05.09
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏