Article(id=1209139834157928818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1209139833285505965, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.07.04, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1618243200000, receivedDateStr=2021-04-13, revisedDate=1621958400000, revisedDateStr=2021-05-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766211001195, onlineDateStr=2025-12-20, pubDate=1627401600000, pubDateStr=2021-07-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766211001195, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766211001195, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766211001195, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1209139833285505965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2021', volume='46', issue='7', pageStart='637', pageEnd='742', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1766211000986, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766212174313, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1209144754630168707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1209139833285505965, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1209144754630168708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1209139833285505965, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=657, endPage=665, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1209139834443141492, articleId=1209139834157928818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Psoralen regulates SKP2/PTHrP/SIRT1 axis to relieve the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells in an inflammatory environment, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effect of psoralen on the degeneration of human nucleus pulposus cells (HNPCs)induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and its mechanism. Methods HNPCs were cultured in vitro, and HNPCs were stimulated by 10 ng/ml IL-1β and 50 ng/ml TNF-α for 24 hours to induce degeneration. Cells were divided into control group, IL-1β+TNF-α group, psoralen (10 μmol/L, 25 μmol/L and 50 μmol/L) group, psoralen (25 μmol/L) + S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) interference or over-expression group, psoralen + parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)recombinant protein (100 nmol/L) group, psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein (100 nmol/L) + silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activator SRT1720 (1 μmol/L) group. The apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells was detected by flow cytometry; the levels of IL-6, MMP-3 and MMP-13 in nucleus pulposus cells were detected by ELISA; the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS)in nucleus pulposus cells was detected by the DCFDA probe method. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of SKP2, PTHrP, SIRT1 and extracellular matrix (ECM) related protein [type II collagen (COL II) and proteoglycan protein]. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiment was used to verify the binding of SKP2 and PTHrP, ubiquitination experiment was used to analyze the effect of psoralen on SKP2-mediated PTHrP ubiquitination. Results Psoralen significantly inhibited cell apoptosis,the production of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and promoted the expression of SKP2 and ECM-related proteins of HNPCs after IL-1β and TNF-α induction in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with psoralen + scramble group, the expression levels of SKP2 and ECM-related proteins were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate, the levels of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS were significantly increased in psoralen + SKP2 interference group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The results of the Co-IP experiment showed that SKP2 is directly bound to PTHrP. The results of the ubiquitination experiment showed that, compared with psoralen + empty vector group, the expression level of PTHrP protein was significantly decreased, and the expression level of SKP2 protein was significantly increased in psoralen + SKP2 over-expression group (P<0.05). Compared with psoralen group, the expression levels of SIRT1 and ECM-related proteins were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate,the levels of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS were significantly increased in psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein group (P<0.05).Compared with psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein group, the expression level of PTHrP protein did not change significantly(P>0.05), and the expression levels of SIRT1 and ECM-related proteins were significantly increased (P<0.05), the apoptosis rate,the levels of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS were significantly decreased in psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein + SRT1720 group (P<0.05). Conclusion Psoralen can promote SKP2-mediated PTHrP ubiquitination, activate SIRT1, and alleviate NP cell apoptosis in an inflammatory environment.

, correspAuthors=Ru-Yin Liu, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
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目的 探讨补骨脂素对白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)诱导的人髓核细胞(HNPCs)退变的影响及机制。方法 体外培养HNPCs,用10 ng/ml IL-1β和50 ng/ml TNF-α诱导HNPCs 24 h使其发生退变,设置对照组、IL-1β+TNF-α组、补骨脂素(10 μmol/L、25 μmol/L和50 μmol/L)组、补骨脂素(25 μmol/L)+S期激酶相关蛋白2(SKP2)干扰或过表达组、补骨脂素+甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白(PTHrP)重组蛋白(100 nmol/L)组、补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白(100 nmol/L)+沉默信号调节子1(SIRT1)激活剂SRT1720(1 μmol/L)组。采用流式细胞术检测髓核细胞凋亡情况;ELISA法检测髓核细胞中IL-6、基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP-3)和MMP-13的表达水平;DCFDA探针法检测髓核细胞中活性氧(ROS)的水平;Western blotting检测髓核细胞中SKP2、PTHrP、SIRT1、细胞外基质(ECM)相关蛋白[二型胶原蛋白(COL Ⅱ)和蛋白聚糖蛋白]的表达水平;蛋白质免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)实验检测SKP2与PTHrP蛋白的相互作用;泛素化实验检测补骨脂素对SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化水平的影响。结果 补骨脂素以剂量依赖的方式抑制炎症环境下髓核细胞凋亡以及IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS的生成(P<0.05或P<0.01),促进SKP2和ECM相关蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。与补骨脂素+杂乱干扰组比较,补骨脂素+SKP2干扰组SKP2和ECM相关蛋白的表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),髓核细胞凋亡率、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS水平明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。Co-IP实验结果显示,SKP2与PTHrP蛋白存在相互作用。泛素化实验结果显示,与补骨脂素+空载体组比较,补骨脂素+SKP2过表达组PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显降低,SKP2蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与补骨脂素组比较,补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组SIRT1和ECM相关蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),髓核细胞凋亡率、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS水平明显升高(P<0.05);与补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组比较,补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白+SRT1720组PTHrP蛋白表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05),SIRT1和ECM相关蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),髓核细胞凋亡率、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 补骨脂素可通过促进SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化降解而活化SIRT1,抑制炎症环境下髓核细胞的凋亡。

, correspAuthors=刘汝银, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
刘汝银,E-mail:
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岳宗进,硕士研究生,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱脊髓相关疾病的临床、教学与科研工作

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岳宗进,硕士研究生,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱脊髓相关疾病的临床、教学与科研工作

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岳宗进,硕士研究生,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱脊髓相关疾病的临床、教学与科研工作

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IL-1β. 白细胞介素-1β;TNF-α. 肿瘤坏死因子α;ROS. 活性氧;SKP2. S期激酶相关蛋白2;Col Ⅱ. Ⅱ型胶原蛋白;MMP-3. 基质金属蛋白酶3;A、B. 流式细胞术检测各组HNPCs凋亡情况;C–E. ELISA法检测各组HNPCs中IL-6、MMP-3和MMP-13表达水平;F. DCFDA探针法检测各组HNPCs中ROS水平;G–J. Western blotting检测各组HNPCs中SKP2、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白的表达水平;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01;与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,(3)P<0.05;与补骨脂素10 μmol/L组比较,(4)P<0.05;与补骨脂素25 μmol/L组比较,(5)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=ha9mTmowTvJl9i+sHYSTig==, figureFileBig=rP0D8xoaFb2Hb8QxEpLAEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139840134812207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of SKP2 interference on HNPCs degeneration and extracellular matrix in an inflammatory environment, figureFileSmall=QRnEtMx46kS53i/zYKK1Fg==, figureFileBig=4wCbeU2k28X28N5PRlgHZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139841313411640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=CN, label=图2, caption=SKP2干扰对炎症环境下HNPCs退变和细胞外基质的影响

SKP2. S期激酶相关蛋白2;Col Ⅱ. 二型胶原蛋白;IL-1β. 白细胞介素-1β;TNF-α. 肿瘤坏死因子α;IL-6. 白细胞介素-6;MMP-3.基质金属蛋白酶3;MMP-13. 基质金属蛋白酶13;A、B. 流式细胞术检测HNPCs凋亡情况;C–E. ELISA法检测HNPCs中IL-6、MMP-3和MMP-13水平;F. DCFDA探针法检测各组HNPCs中ROS水平;G–J. Western blotting检测HNPCs中SKP2、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01;与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,(3)P<0.05;与补骨脂素+杂乱干扰组比较,(4)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=QRnEtMx46kS53i/zYKK1Fg==, figureFileBig=4wCbeU2k28X28N5PRlgHZA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139841418269245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Analysis of the interaction between SKP2 and PTHrP proteins, figureFileSmall=wUYXhg/6F8GZ5C7WFx0vXw==, figureFileBig=iwbiJ5HJTB4Qz6zXff3LcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139841510543942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=CN, label=图3, caption=SKP2与PTHrP蛋白的相互作用分析

SKP2. S期激酶相关蛋白2;PTHrP. 甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白;SMURF1. SMAD特异性E3泛素蛋白连接酶1;STUB1. STIP1磷酸化应激诱导蛋白1;MDM2. 鼠双微体-2;CBL. 钙调磷酸酶B亚基类蛋白;TRAF2. 肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子2;NEDD4. 神经前体细胞表达发育调控样基因4;SMURF2. SMAD特异性E3泛素蛋白连接酶2;MNAT1. CAK装配因子;BARD1. BRCA1关联环域1;KLHL3.Kelch样家族成员3;BMI1. 多梳复合蛋白;DTX1. E3泛素连接酶Deltex1;GNB1. 鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白β1亚基;CBLC. Cbl原癌基因C;TTC3. 四肽重复结构域3;RANBP2. RAN结合蛋白2;GNB2L1. 鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白β2亚基类似物1;HSPA8. 热休克蛋白家族A成员8;SYVN1. 滑膜蛋白1;IP. 免疫共沉淀;IB. 免疫印迹;Input. 阳性对照;Myc-SKP2. Myc标记的S期激酶相关蛋白;Flag-PTHrP.Flag标记的甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白;anti-Myc. 兔抗Myc标签单克隆抗体一抗;anti-Flag. 兔抗Flag标签单克隆抗体一抗;A. 在线数据库UbiBrowser预测SKP2与PTHrP蛋白的相互作用;B. Western blotting验证SKP2与PTHrP蛋白的相互作用

, figureFileSmall=wUYXhg/6F8GZ5C7WFx0vXw==, figureFileBig=iwbiJ5HJTB4Qz6zXff3LcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139841602818635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Psoralen in regulation of SKP2-mediated PTHrP ubiquitination, figureFileSmall=iv0kNzi2EDXEW0wF54kSTQ==, figureFileBig=Q65ckTugijJz8aMPpNUqDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139841703481938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=CN, label=图4, caption=补骨脂素调控SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化

SKP2. S期激酶相关蛋白2;PTHrP. 甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白;Flag-PTHrP. Flag标记的甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白;Myc-SKP2. Myc标记的S期激酶相关蛋白;IL-1β. 白细胞介素-1β;TNF-α. 肿瘤坏死因子α;IP. 免疫共沉淀;anti-Flag. 兔抗Flag标签单克隆抗体一抗;IB. 免疫印迹;anti-HA. 兔抗HA标签单克隆抗体一抗;anti-Myc. 兔抗Myc标签单克隆抗体一抗;A. 泛素化实验结果;B–D. Western blotting检测HNPCs中SKP2、PTHrP蛋白表达水平;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,(2)P<0.05;与补骨脂素+空载体组比较,(3)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=iv0kNzi2EDXEW0wF54kSTQ==, figureFileBig=Q65ckTugijJz8aMPpNUqDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139841837699674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of psoralen regulating the expression of PTHrP on SIRT1 activation and the degeneration of HNPCs in an inflammatory environment, figureFileSmall=XcjZIfCivd+EecMD2qqyIw==, figureFileBig=vcdPrT4w5AmZVs2J2VgR4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139841963528801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=CN, label=图5, caption=补骨脂素调控PTHrP表达对SIRT1活化和炎症环境下HNPCs退变的影响

PTHrP. 甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白;SKP2. S期激酶相关蛋白2;SIRT1. 沉默信号调节子1;Col Ⅱ. Ⅱ型胶原蛋白;IL-6. 白细胞介素-6;IL-1β. 白细胞介素-1β;TNF-α. 肿瘤坏死因子α;MMP-3. 基质金属蛋白酶3;MMP-13. 基质金属蛋白酶13;ROS. 活性氧;A–E. Western blotting检测HNPCs中PTHrP、SKP2、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平;F. DCFDA探针法检测HNPCs中ROS水平;G、H. 流式细胞术检测HNPCs凋亡情况;I–K. ELISA法检测HNPCs中IL-6、MMP-3和MMP-13水平;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01;与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,(3)P<0.05;与补骨脂素组比较,(4)P<0.05;与补骨脂素+ PTHrP重组蛋白组比较,(5)P<0.05。

, figureFileSmall=XcjZIfCivd+EecMD2qqyIw==, figureFileBig=vcdPrT4w5AmZVs2J2VgR4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139842072580714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=The mechanism of psoralen alleviating the degeneration of HNPCs, figureFileSmall=w4zK8ehrRfpAMw8sGcC2AA==, figureFileBig=n1DhF337OjYLIglx0rfqoQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209139842202604146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1209139834157928818, language=CN, label=图6, caption=补骨脂素缓解髓核细胞退变的机制

SKP2. S期激酶相关蛋白2;PTHrP. 甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白;SIRT1. 沉默信号调节子1

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补骨脂素调控SKP2/PTHrP/SIRT1轴缓解炎症环境下髓核细胞退变的作用
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岳宗进 , 刘汝银 * , 于露 , 王新立 , 冯仲锴 , 王西彬
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2021,46(7): 657-665
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2021, 46(7): 657-665
补骨脂素调控SKP2/PTHrP/SIRT1轴缓解炎症环境下髓核细胞退变的作用
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岳宗进, 刘汝银* , 于露, 王新立, 冯仲锴, 王西彬
作者信息
  • 河南省中医院脊柱科,郑州 450000
  • 岳宗进,硕士研究生,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱脊髓相关疾病的临床、教学与科研工作

通讯作者:

刘汝银,E-mail:
Psoralen regulates SKP2/PTHrP/SIRT1 axis to relieve the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells in an inflammatory environment
Zong-Jin Yue, Ru-Yin Liu* , Lu Yu, Xin-Li Wang, Zhong-Kai Feng, Xi-Bin Wang
Affiliations
  • Department of Spine, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
出版时间: 2021-07-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.07.04
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目的 探讨补骨脂素对白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)诱导的人髓核细胞(HNPCs)退变的影响及机制。方法 体外培养HNPCs,用10 ng/ml IL-1β和50 ng/ml TNF-α诱导HNPCs 24 h使其发生退变,设置对照组、IL-1β+TNF-α组、补骨脂素(10 μmol/L、25 μmol/L和50 μmol/L)组、补骨脂素(25 μmol/L)+S期激酶相关蛋白2(SKP2)干扰或过表达组、补骨脂素+甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白(PTHrP)重组蛋白(100 nmol/L)组、补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白(100 nmol/L)+沉默信号调节子1(SIRT1)激活剂SRT1720(1 μmol/L)组。采用流式细胞术检测髓核细胞凋亡情况;ELISA法检测髓核细胞中IL-6、基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP-3)和MMP-13的表达水平;DCFDA探针法检测髓核细胞中活性氧(ROS)的水平;Western blotting检测髓核细胞中SKP2、PTHrP、SIRT1、细胞外基质(ECM)相关蛋白[二型胶原蛋白(COL Ⅱ)和蛋白聚糖蛋白]的表达水平;蛋白质免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)实验检测SKP2与PTHrP蛋白的相互作用;泛素化实验检测补骨脂素对SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化水平的影响。结果 补骨脂素以剂量依赖的方式抑制炎症环境下髓核细胞凋亡以及IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS的生成(P<0.05或P<0.01),促进SKP2和ECM相关蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。与补骨脂素+杂乱干扰组比较,补骨脂素+SKP2干扰组SKP2和ECM相关蛋白的表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),髓核细胞凋亡率、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS水平明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。Co-IP实验结果显示,SKP2与PTHrP蛋白存在相互作用。泛素化实验结果显示,与补骨脂素+空载体组比较,补骨脂素+SKP2过表达组PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显降低,SKP2蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与补骨脂素组比较,补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组SIRT1和ECM相关蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),髓核细胞凋亡率、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS水平明显升高(P<0.05);与补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组比较,补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白+SRT1720组PTHrP蛋白表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05),SIRT1和ECM相关蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),髓核细胞凋亡率、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和ROS水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 补骨脂素可通过促进SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化降解而活化SIRT1,抑制炎症环境下髓核细胞的凋亡。

补骨脂素  /  S期激酶相关蛋白2  /  泛素化  /  人髓核细胞  /  退变

Objective To investigate the effect of psoralen on the degeneration of human nucleus pulposus cells (HNPCs)induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and its mechanism. Methods HNPCs were cultured in vitro, and HNPCs were stimulated by 10 ng/ml IL-1β and 50 ng/ml TNF-α for 24 hours to induce degeneration. Cells were divided into control group, IL-1β+TNF-α group, psoralen (10 μmol/L, 25 μmol/L and 50 μmol/L) group, psoralen (25 μmol/L) + S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) interference or over-expression group, psoralen + parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)recombinant protein (100 nmol/L) group, psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein (100 nmol/L) + silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activator SRT1720 (1 μmol/L) group. The apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells was detected by flow cytometry; the levels of IL-6, MMP-3 and MMP-13 in nucleus pulposus cells were detected by ELISA; the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS)in nucleus pulposus cells was detected by the DCFDA probe method. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of SKP2, PTHrP, SIRT1 and extracellular matrix (ECM) related protein [type II collagen (COL II) and proteoglycan protein]. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiment was used to verify the binding of SKP2 and PTHrP, ubiquitination experiment was used to analyze the effect of psoralen on SKP2-mediated PTHrP ubiquitination. Results Psoralen significantly inhibited cell apoptosis,the production of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and promoted the expression of SKP2 and ECM-related proteins of HNPCs after IL-1β and TNF-α induction in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Compared with psoralen + scramble group, the expression levels of SKP2 and ECM-related proteins were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate, the levels of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS were significantly increased in psoralen + SKP2 interference group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The results of the Co-IP experiment showed that SKP2 is directly bound to PTHrP. The results of the ubiquitination experiment showed that, compared with psoralen + empty vector group, the expression level of PTHrP protein was significantly decreased, and the expression level of SKP2 protein was significantly increased in psoralen + SKP2 over-expression group (P<0.05). Compared with psoralen group, the expression levels of SIRT1 and ECM-related proteins were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate,the levels of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS were significantly increased in psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein group (P<0.05).Compared with psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein group, the expression level of PTHrP protein did not change significantly(P>0.05), and the expression levels of SIRT1 and ECM-related proteins were significantly increased (P<0.05), the apoptosis rate,the levels of IL-6, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ROS were significantly decreased in psoralen + PTHrP recombinant protein + SRT1720 group (P<0.05). Conclusion Psoralen can promote SKP2-mediated PTHrP ubiquitination, activate SIRT1, and alleviate NP cell apoptosis in an inflammatory environment.

psoralen  /  S-phase kinase-associated protein 2  /  ubiquitination  /  human nucleus pulposus cells  /  degeneration
岳宗进, 刘汝银, 于露, 王新立, 冯仲锴, 王西彬. 补骨脂素调控SKP2/PTHrP/SIRT1轴缓解炎症环境下髓核细胞退变的作用. 解放军医学杂志, 2021 , 46 (7) : 657 -665 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.07.04
Zong-Jin Yue, Ru-Yin Liu, Lu Yu, Xin-Li Wang, Zhong-Kai Feng, Xi-Bin Wang. Psoralen regulates SKP2/PTHrP/SIRT1 axis to relieve the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells in an inflammatory environment[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2021 , 46 (7) : 657 -665 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.07.04
约40%的椎间盘退变(intervertebral disc degeneration,IDD)患者会出现下腰痛,其中10%的患者长期处于残疾状态,给正常生活带来极大不便[1]。IDD发生时,椎间盘内的细胞可分泌大量炎性因子[主要包括白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor α,TNF-α)等],促进椎间盘细胞自噬、衰老和凋亡,进一步加速IDD[2]。补骨脂素是中药补骨脂的主要有效成分,有研究发现其对碘乙酸单钠诱导的大鼠骨关节炎疗效显著[3],但对于IDD的疗效尚未明确。S期激酶相关蛋白2(S-phase kinase-associated protein 2,SKP2)是一种E3泛素连接酶,有研究发现其可抑制IDD时髓核细胞的凋亡[4]。采用补骨脂素干预晚期皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤细胞系可促进泛素特异性肽酶(USP)的表达[5],且USP可激活SKP2而促进乳腺癌的进展[6],由此推测,补骨脂素可能对SKP2具有调控作用。有研究发现,甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白(parathyroid hormone-related protein,PTHrP)在IDD的进展过程中表达增加[7]。在肿瘤骨转移过程中,补骨脂素可降低PTHrP蛋白的表达[8]。本研究旨在探讨补骨脂素对炎症环境下髓核细胞退变的影响及其机制。
补骨脂素购自北京百奥莱博科技有限公司(货号:BP1041);IL-1β、TNF-α和PTHrP重组蛋白购自北京百普赛斯生物科技股份有限公司;基质金属蛋白酶3(matrix metalloproteinase 3,MMP-3)、MMP-13和IL-6 ELISA试剂盒购自德国Qiagen公司;兔抗人Ⅱ型胶原蛋白(collagen type 2,Col Ⅱ)和SKP2单克隆抗体一抗购自美国Invitrogen公司;兔抗人PTHrP、沉默信号调节子1(silent information regulator 1,SIRT1)和甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)多克隆抗体一抗以及兔抗Flag和Myc标签单克隆抗体一抗购自英国Abcam公司;鼠抗人蛋白聚糖单克隆抗体一抗和辣根过氧化物酶标记的兔抗鼠和山羊抗兔二抗购自美国Sigma公司;SKP2短发夹RNA(shRNA)表达载体、SKP2慢病毒过表达载体(LV-SKP2)、PTHrP慢病毒过表达载体(LV-PTHrP)以及对应阴性对照杂乱干扰和空载体购自美国Merek公司;pRK5质粒、Flag、HA和Myc标签抗体购自美国Millipore公司;胎牛血清(FBS)购自美国IBM公司;DMEM培养基、0.25%胰蛋白酶和HEK293T细胞购自美国Gibco公司;SIRT1激活剂SRT1720购自美国MedChemExpress公司;碘化丙啶(propidium iodide,PI)染色液、ECL发光液和BCA蛋白定量试剂盒购自美国Thermo公司;活性氧(ROS)检测试剂盒购自北京BioTeke公司。pRK5-Myc-SKP2、pRK5-Flag-PTHrP和pRK5-HA-Ubiquitin质粒由上海生工生物工程股份有限公司构建。凝胶成像分析仪购自广州瑞丰实验设备有限公司;LSM780激光扫描共聚焦显微镜购自德国蔡司公司。
人髓核细胞株(human nucleus pulposus cells,HNPCs)购自宁波明舟生物科技有限公司。HNPCs细胞在含10% FBS和1%青霉素-链霉素的DMEM培养基中,置于37 ℃、5% CO2培养箱中培养,待细胞融合至80%时,用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化,1:3传代,取对数生长期细胞进行后续试验。设置对照组、IL-1β+TNF-α组、补骨脂素(10 μmol/L、25 μmol/L和50 μmol/L)组、补骨脂素(25 μmol/L)+SKP2干扰或过表达组、补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白(100 nmol/L)组与补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白+沉默信息调节因子1(silent information regulator 1,SIRT1)激活剂SRT1720(1 μmol/L)组。对照组:加入等体积Hanks'溶液;IL-1β+TNF-α组:使用10 ng/ml IL-1β和50 ng/ml TNF-α诱导培养24 h建立椎间盘退变细胞模型;补骨脂素组:在IL-1β和TNF-α诱导后,分别加入10、25、50 μmol/L补骨脂素孵育72 h;补骨脂素+SKP2干扰或过表达组:分别与20 nmol/L SKP2 shRNA或5 μg/ml LV-SKP2转染48 h后,加入补骨脂素、IL-1β和TNF-α共同孵育48 h,对应的阴性对照加入等体积杂乱干扰或空载质粒转染48 h;补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组:在IL-1β和TNF-α诱导后,加入25 μmol/L补骨脂素和100 nmol/L PTHrP重组蛋白共同孵育48 h;补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白+SRT1720组:同补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组处理后,加入1 μmol/L SRT1720(溶于DMSO)孵育48 h。
将HNPCs以2×105个/ml的密度接种于培养基中,孵育72 h,收集细胞。用预冷PBS洗涤3次,将细胞重悬在含有PI的缓冲液中,室温培养15 min,使用BD LSRFortessa细胞分析仪检测细胞凋亡情况。
使用RIPA裂解液裂解细胞并提取总蛋白,使用BCA试剂盒测定蛋白浓度。上样30 μg,行10% SDS-PAGE电泳,将蛋白转移至PVDF膜上,5%脱脂奶粉封闭1 h,TBST洗膜;加入一抗SKP2(1:200)、PTHrP(1:500)、SIRT1(1:1000)、Col Ⅱ(1:2000)、鼠单克隆蛋白聚糖抗体(1:1000)和GAPDH(1:10000),4 ℃孵育过夜,TBST洗膜,加入辣根过氧化物酶标记的兔抗鼠(1:1000)或山羊抗兔(1:25 000)二抗,室温孵育2 h,洗膜,加入ECL显色液显色。以GAPDH为内参,计算目的蛋白表达水平。目的蛋白表达水平=目的蛋白条带灰度值/内参GAPDH条带灰度值。
将HNPCs接种于6孔板中(3×106个/孔),待细胞处理完成后24 h,收集培养基,使用ELISA试剂盒测定MMP-3、MMP-13和IL-6的含量。
使用ROS检测试剂盒,按照说明书步骤测定髓核细胞内ROS水平。用无菌PBS洗涤细胞2次,将细胞在黑暗中于37 ℃下用10 μmol/L DCFDA染色20 min,然后每4 min混合1次。用无血清培养基洗涤细胞3次,以减少过量DCFDA的干扰。使用LSM780激光扫描共聚焦显微镜系统检测DCFDA荧光强度。
使用在线数据库UbiBrowser(http://ubibrowser.ncpsb.org/ubibrowser/home/index)预测SKP2与PTHrP蛋白的相互作用。HEK293T细胞培养于含10% FBS的DMEM培养基中,待细胞长至80%融合时,分别加入1 mg/ml质粒[带有Myc标签的SKP2(Myc-SKP2)质粒和带有Flag标签的PTHrP(Flag-PTHrP)质粒]在饥饿条件下进行转染,24 h后吸取培养液,加入1 ml PBS并刮取细胞转移至1.5 ml EP管中;吸取100 μl作为input。将剩余的细胞悬液在室温下6000 r/min离心2 min,去上清,加入1 ml细胞裂解缓冲液[20 mmol/L Tris-HCl (pH 7.5)、150 mmol/L NaCl、1% Triton X-100、0.5 mmol/L EDTA、0.5 mmol/L DTT]充分混匀,4 ℃下3000 r/min离心1 min,去上清,加入预冷PBS重悬,重复3次,加入等体积PBS充分混匀,取适量预混液加入抗体[兔抗Flag标签抗体一抗(1:30)、兔抗Myc标签抗体一抗(5 μg/ml)和山羊抗兔二抗(1:50)],采用Western blotting检测。
HEK293T细胞转染后,在变性缓冲液[6 mol/L Tris-HCl、0.1 mol/L Na2HPO4/NaH2PO4 (pH 8.0)、10 mmol/L咪唑]中收集细胞。裂解液与Ni-NTA琼脂糖珠孵育3 h,然后用变性缓冲液洗涤4次,用低盐缓冲液[25 mmol/L Tris-HCl(pH 6.8)、20 mmol/L咪唑]洗涤2次。加入50 μl含200 mmol/L咪唑的2×SDS蛋白上样缓冲液,95 ℃金属浴15 min。离心取上清,采用Western blotting检测。
采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用Tukey HSD检验。
P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
与对照组比较,IL-1β+TNF-α组髓核细胞凋亡率明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,补骨脂素处理后髓核细胞凋亡率以剂量依赖的方式降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(图1A、B)。与对照组比较,IL-1β+TNF-α组髓核细胞中IL-6、ROS、MMP-3和MMP-13水平明显升高,SKP2、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,补骨脂素处理后髓核细胞中IL-6、ROS、MMP-3和MMP-13水平以剂量依赖的方式降低,SKP2、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平以剂量依赖的方式升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(图1C–J)。
与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,补骨脂素+杂乱干扰组髓核细胞凋亡率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与补骨脂素+杂乱干扰组比较,补骨脂素+SKP2干扰组髓核细胞凋亡率明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,补骨脂素+杂乱干扰组髓核细胞中SKP2、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平明显升高,IL-6、ROS、MMP-3和MMP-13水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与补骨脂素+杂乱干扰组比较,补骨脂素+SKP2干扰组髓核细胞中SKP2、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平明显降低,IL-6、ROS、MMP-3和MMP-13水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(图2)。
在线数据库UbiBrowser预测结果显示,SKP2与PTHrP蛋白之间存在直接相互作用。Western blotting检测结果显示,Myc抗体和Flag抗体均检测到SKP2和PTHrP蛋白的表达,进一步证实了SKP2与PTHrP蛋白的相互作用(图3)。
泛素化实验结果显示,IL-1β和TNF-α诱导可降低SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化水平,而添加补骨脂素可升高SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化水平(图4A)。Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,IL-1β+TNF-α组髓核细胞中SKP2蛋白表达水平明显降低,PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,补骨脂素+空载体组髓核细胞中SKP2蛋白表达水平明显升高,PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与补骨脂素+空载体组比较,补骨脂素+SKP2过表达组髓核细胞中SKP2蛋白表达水平明显升高,PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(图4B–D)。
与对照组比较,IL-1β+TNF-α组髓核细胞中SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与IL-1β+TNF-α组比较,补骨脂素组髓核细胞中PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显降低,SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与补骨脂素组比较,补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组髓核细胞凋亡率、ROS、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13和PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显升高,SIRT1、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白组比较,补骨脂素+PTHrP重组蛋白+SRT1720组髓核细胞中PTHrP蛋白表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05),SIRT1、Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平明显升高,细胞凋亡率、ROS、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(图5)。
下腰痛是临床常见疾病,而IDD是导致此类疾病的主要原因[1,9]。椎间盘主要由髓内核构成,并被纤维环包围。髓核细胞是髓内核中的主要细胞类型,负责合成细胞外基质(ECM)成分,包括Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白[10-11],这些蛋白是维持椎间盘正常功能的重要因素。IDD发生时,髓核细胞可分泌大量炎性因子,如IL-1β和TNF-α等[2]。强烈的炎症反应导致髓核细胞合成代谢与分解代谢失衡,如分解代谢因子MMP-3和MMP-13的产生增加,合成代谢因子Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白的表达受到抑制,导致髓核细胞过度退变[12],最终引发或加速IDD进展。
补骨脂素是中药补骨脂的活性成分,既往研究表明其具有很强的抗炎作用,可有效抑制TNF-α诱导的软骨细胞ECM降解和滑膜细胞炎症反应,减轻大鼠骨关节炎症状[3]。目前补骨脂素对炎症环境下髓核细胞功能的影响尚不清楚。本研究采用补骨脂素干预IL-1β和TNF-α诱导的髓核细胞,结果显示,细胞炎性因子IL-6、ROS水平及细胞凋亡率明显降低,Col Ⅱ和蛋白聚糖蛋白表达水平明显增高,表明髓核细胞ECM降解得到明显改善。有研究使用补骨脂素与UVA光化学疗法干预皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤细胞系,发现泛素特异性蛋白酶2(USP2)的表达水平明显升高[5]。也有研究发现,在退化的椎间盘样本中,SKP2的表达水平明显降低,且SKP2过表达可抑制IL-1β诱导的髓核细胞退变,促进髓核细胞增殖[4]。本研究发现,补骨脂素孵育能有效促进IL-1β和TNF-α诱导的髓核细胞中SKP2蛋白的表达,而SKP2下调后髓核细胞凋亡、炎症反应、氧化应激反应以及ECM降解明显增强。有研究对乳腺癌骨转移模型小鼠灌服含有补骨脂的汤药,发现小鼠骨转移灶中细胞因子IL-8和PTHrP蛋白表达水平明显降低[8]。另有研究发现,IDD进展时PTHrP mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显升高[7]。本研究使用在线数据库UbiBrowser进行预测发现,SKP2与PTHrP蛋白之间具有直接相互作用,且通过Western blotting发现二者可以结合,提示补骨脂素可促进SKP2介导的PTHrP泛素化。
SIRT1通路能够调节各种细胞生物学过程,包括凋亡、转录、血管生成和代谢等,参与防止细胞衰老和延长生物体寿命的一系列生命活动[13]。SIRT1通路在IDD进展中的保护作用已被证实[14]。据报道,SIRT1可抑制c-Fos和c-Jun的磷酸化,从而抑制IL-1β诱导的髓核细胞退变[15]。有研究发现,PTHrP基因敲入小鼠骨骼组织中SIRT1蛋白的表达水平降低[16]。本研究发现,在退变的髓核细胞中添加PTHrP重组蛋白可抑制SIRT1蛋白的表达,促进细胞凋亡、炎症反应、氧化应激和ECM降解,而SIRT1通路激活可逆转PTHrP重组蛋白的作用(图6)。
综上所述,本研究结果表明,补骨脂素可通过促进SKP2介导的PTHrP蛋白泛素化降解,激活SIRT1通路,缓解炎症环境下髓核细胞的退变。
  • 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2016ZY2001)
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2021年第46卷第7期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.07.04
  • 接收时间:2021-04-13
  • 首发时间:2025-12-20
  • 出版时间:2021-07-28
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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-13
  • 修回日期:2021-05-26
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Special Project of Henan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research(2016ZY2001)
河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2016ZY2001)
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    河南省中医院脊柱科,郑州 450000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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属数
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genus
种数
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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