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Article(id=1208791317749043745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.05, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1620489600000, receivedDateStr=2021-05-09, revisedDate=1633622400000, revisedDateStr=2021-10-08, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766127908408, onlineDateStr=2025-12-19, pubDate=1638028800000, pubDateStr=2021-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766127908408, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766127908408, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766127908408, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208791311621157694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2021', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='1061', pageEnd='1164', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1766127906946, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766128932678, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208795613920104935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208795613920104936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1092, endPage=1097, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208791318202028609, articleId=1208791317749043745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effect of cell division cycle gene 20 expression on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer patients, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To detect the expression level of cell division cycle gene 20 (CDC20) in prostate cancer (PC) tissues and analyze the effect on the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of PC patients. Methods To collect the prostatic tissues of 134 PC patients and benign prostate hyperplasia tissues of 134 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia who underwent surgical treatment in the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2016 to December 2018. qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical method were used to detect the expression of CDC20 in PC tissues and benign prostate hyperplasia tissues. According to the immunohistochemical score, the PC patients were divided into CDC20 high expression group(n=69) and CDC20 low expression group (n=65). The clinicopathological characteristics, 3-year overall survival rate and disease progression-free survival rate were compared between the two groups. Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the risk factors affecting the survival of patients after surgery. Results The results of qRT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the relative expression levels of CDC20 mRNA and protein were higher in PC tissues than in benign prostate hyperplasia tissues with statistically significant difference (mRNA: 1.96±0.34 vs. 0.37±0.12, P=0.003; protein: 1.02±0.08 vs. 0.15±0.06, P<0.001). The immunohistochemical test results showed that the positive expression rate and high expression rate of CDC20 were higher in PC tissues than in benign prostate hyperplasia tissues [CDC20 positive expression rate: 80.6% (108/134) vs. 8.9% (12/134), P<0.001;CDC20 high expression rate: 51.5% (69/134) vs. 0.0% (0/134), P<0.001]. The 3-year overall survival rate and disease progression-free survival rate were lower in CDC20 high expression group than in CDC20 low expression group with statistically significant difference [3-year overall survival rate: 69.6% (48/69) vs. 87.7% (57/65), P=0.012; 3-year disease progression-free survival rate: 62.3% (43/69) vs. 80.0% (52/65), P=0.020]. Gleason score >7 points, cT stage >cT2c stage, T stage >T2 stage, and CDC20 immunohistochemical score ≥8 points were independent risk factors affecting postoperative survival of PC patients (P<0.05). Conclusions The increased expression of CDC20 in PC tissue might mean the progress of PC. CDC20 immunohistochemical score ≥8 points suggests a poor prognosis for patients, so is expected to become a tumor marker for judging the prognosis of PC.

, correspAuthors=Qing-Ze Meng, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
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目的 分析细胞分裂周期基因20(CDC20)在前列腺癌(PC)组织中的表达及其对前列腺癌患者临床病理特征和预后的影响。方法 收集2016年1月—2018年12月在联勤保障部队第988医院进行手术治疗的134例PC患者的PC组织，以及134例良性前列腺增生患者的良性前列腺增生组织。采用qRT-PCR、Western blotting和免疫组化检测CDC20在PC组织及良性前列腺增生组织中的表达情况。根据免疫组化评分将PC患者分为CDC20高表达组(n=69)与CDC20低表达组(n=65)，比较两组患者的临床病理特征、3年总生存率和疾病无进展生存率。采用Cox回归分析影响患者术后生存的危险因素。结果 qRT-PCR和Western blotting检测结果显示，PC组织中CDC20 mRNA和蛋白相对表达水平高于良性前列腺增生组织，差异有统计学意义(mRNA：1.96±0.34 vs. 0.37±0.12，P=0.003；蛋白：1.02±0.08 vs. 0.15±0.06，P<0.001)。免疫组化检测结果显示，PC组织中CDC20阳性表达率和高表达率高于良性前列腺增生组织[CDC20阳性表达率：80.6%(108/134) vs. 8.9%(12/134)，P<0.001；CDC20高表达率：51.5%(69/134) vs. 0.0%(0/134)，P<0.001]。CDC20高表达组术后3年总生存率、疾病无进展生存率低于CDC20低表达组[3年总生存率：69.6%(48/69) vs. 87.7%(57/65)，P=0.012；3年疾病无进展生存率：62.3%(43/69) vs. 80.0%(52/65)，P=0.020]，差异有统计学意义。Gleason评分>7分、cT分期>cT2c期、T分期>T2期和CDC20免疫组化评分≥8分是影响PC患者术后生存的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 CDC20在PC组织中表达增加，可能参与了肿瘤的进展。CDC20免疫组化评分≥8分提示患者预后不良，有望成为判断PC预后的肿瘤标志物。

, correspAuthors=孟庆泽, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
孟庆泽，E-mail：
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石峰，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事前列腺癌发病机制方面的研究

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石峰，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事前列腺癌发病机制方面的研究

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石峰，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事前列腺癌发病机制方面的研究

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PC. 前列腺癌；CDC. 细胞分裂周期

, figureFileSmall=3fPGLHl3dwp3lTJE/IRsCg==, figureFileBig=Lk16pWMqaQV9Tjnu1C6vdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791323428131632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791317749043745, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=CDC20 expression in PC tissues and benign prostate hyperplasia tissues (Immunohistochemistry ×200), figureFileSmall=UUpmW4DhEuDam80YjECc6g==, figureFileBig=v1ncJ755refuOZls1ih+9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791323537183541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791317749043745, language=CN, label=图2, caption=CDC20在PC组织和良性前列腺增生组织中的表达(免疫组化×200)

CDC. 细胞分裂周期；PC. 前列腺癌；A. 良性前列腺增生组织(表达呈阴性)；B. PC组织(呈低表达)；C. PC组织(呈中等表达)；D.PC组织(呈高表达)

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CDC. 细胞分裂周期；PC. 前列腺癌

, figureFileSmall=srvmZPiRLj/c2OfFgzYgdA==, figureFileBig=wYBhV3h8ncrPvPl5Kcwq8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791325017772869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791317749043745, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Relationship of CDC20 expression to the clinicopathological characteristics of PC patients [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目CDC20高表达组(n=69)CDC20低表达组(n=65)χ2P
年龄(岁)  0.0190.889
 <6022(31.9)20(30.8)
 ≥6047(68.1)45(69.2)
血清tPSA(μg/L)  9.7740.008
 <1013(18.8)25(38.5)
 10~2020(29.0)22(33.8)
 ≥2036(52.2)18(27.7)
Gleason评分(分)  6.8540.009
 ≤729(42.0)42(64.6)
 >740(58.0)23(35.4)
cT分期  5.2310.022
 ≤cT2c31(44.9)42(64.6)
 >cT2c38(55.1)23(35.4)
T分期  5.1000.024
 T1~T229(42.0)40(61.5)
 T3~T440(58.0)25(38.5)
骨转移  4.6670.031
 否34(49.3)44(67.7)
 有35(50.7)21(32.3)  
), ArticleFig(id=1208791325118436166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791317749043745, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

CDC20表达与PC患者临床病理特征的关系[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目CDC20高表达组(n=69)CDC20低表达组(n=65)χ2P
年龄(岁)  0.0190.889
 <6022(31.9)20(30.8)
 ≥6047(68.1)45(69.2)
血清tPSA(μg/L)  9.7740.008
 <1013(18.8)25(38.5)
 10~2020(29.0)22(33.8)
 ≥2036(52.2)18(27.7)
Gleason评分(分)  6.8540.009
 ≤729(42.0)42(64.6)
 >740(58.0)23(35.4)
cT分期  5.2310.022
 ≤cT2c31(44.9)42(64.6)
 >cT2c38(55.1)23(35.4)
T分期  5.1000.024
 T1~T229(42.0)40(61.5)
 T3~T440(58.0)25(38.5)
骨转移  4.6670.031
 否34(49.3)44(67.7)
 有35(50.7)21(32.3)  
), ArticleFig(id=1208791325210710859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791317749043745, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Analysis of the risk factors affecting survival of PC patients after surgery

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素单因素分析多因素分析
HR95%CIPHR95%CIP
年龄1.5260.859~2.0140.625
血清tPSA0.5580.325~0.0850.0350.8540.754~1.0680.085
Gleason评分1.6351.254~3.2580.0101.3251.204~3.2100.025
cT分期2.3651.854~5.6320.0072.1041.652~4.8950.014
T分期2.0121.352~4.8540.0091.6581.147~3.5260.020
骨转移1.2050.958~1.5260.065
CDC20免疫组化评分1.2011.036~5.3620.0041.1021.056~3.6580.023
), ArticleFig(id=1208791325282014031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791317749043745, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

影响PC患者术后生存的危险因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素单因素分析多因素分析
HR95%CIPHR95%CIP
年龄1.5260.859~2.0140.625
血清tPSA0.5580.325~0.0850.0350.8540.754~1.0680.085
Gleason评分1.6351.254~3.2580.0101.3251.204~3.2100.025
cT分期2.3651.854~5.6320.0072.1041.652~4.8950.014
T分期2.0121.352~4.8540.0091.6581.147~3.5260.020
骨转移1.2050.958~1.5260.065
CDC20免疫组化评分1.2011.036~5.3620.0041.1021.056~3.6580.023
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CDC20基因的表达对前列腺癌患者临床病理特征及预后的影响
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石峰 1 , 孙文功 1 , 刘增振 1 , 王晓辉 2 , 孟庆泽 1, *
解放军医学杂志 | 论著 2021,46(11): 1092-1097
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解放军医学杂志 | 论著 2021, 46(11): 1092-1097
CDC20基因的表达对前列腺癌患者临床病理特征及预后的影响
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石峰1, 孙文功1, 刘增振1, 王晓辉2, 孟庆泽1, *
作者信息
  • 1联勤保障部队第988医院泌尿外科，郑州 450000
  • 2河南科技大学第一附属医院泌尿外科，河南洛阳 471000

    • 石峰，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事前列腺癌发病机制方面的研究

通讯作者:

孟庆泽，E-mail：
Effect of cell division cycle gene 20 expression on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer patients
Feng Shi1, Wen-Gong Sun1, Zeng-Zhen Liu1, Xiao-Hui Wang2, Qing-Ze Meng1, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Urology, the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Zhengzhou 450000, China
  • 2Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
出版时间: 2021-11-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.05
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摘要
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目的 分析细胞分裂周期基因20(CDC20)在前列腺癌(PC)组织中的表达及其对前列腺癌患者临床病理特征和预后的影响。方法 收集2016年1月—2018年12月在联勤保障部队第988医院进行手术治疗的134例PC患者的PC组织，以及134例良性前列腺增生患者的良性前列腺增生组织。采用qRT-PCR、Western blotting和免疫组化检测CDC20在PC组织及良性前列腺增生组织中的表达情况。根据免疫组化评分将PC患者分为CDC20高表达组(n=69)与CDC20低表达组(n=65)，比较两组患者的临床病理特征、3年总生存率和疾病无进展生存率。采用Cox回归分析影响患者术后生存的危险因素。结果 qRT-PCR和Western blotting检测结果显示，PC组织中CDC20 mRNA和蛋白相对表达水平高于良性前列腺增生组织，差异有统计学意义(mRNA：1.96±0.34 vs. 0.37±0.12，P=0.003；蛋白：1.02±0.08 vs. 0.15±0.06，P<0.001)。免疫组化检测结果显示，PC组织中CDC20阳性表达率和高表达率高于良性前列腺增生组织[CDC20阳性表达率：80.6%(108/134) vs. 8.9%(12/134)，P<0.001；CDC20高表达率：51.5%(69/134) vs. 0.0%(0/134)，P<0.001]。CDC20高表达组术后3年总生存率、疾病无进展生存率低于CDC20低表达组[3年总生存率：69.6%(48/69) vs. 87.7%(57/65)，P=0.012；3年疾病无进展生存率：62.3%(43/69) vs. 80.0%(52/65)，P=0.020]，差异有统计学意义。Gleason评分>7分、cT分期>cT2c期、T分期>T2期和CDC20免疫组化评分≥8分是影响PC患者术后生存的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 CDC20在PC组织中表达增加，可能参与了肿瘤的进展。CDC20免疫组化评分≥8分提示患者预后不良，有望成为判断PC预后的肿瘤标志物。

前列腺癌  /  细胞分裂周期基因20  /  预后  /  临床病理特征

Objective To detect the expression level of cell division cycle gene 20 (CDC20) in prostate cancer (PC) tissues and analyze the effect on the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of PC patients. Methods To collect the prostatic tissues of 134 PC patients and benign prostate hyperplasia tissues of 134 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia who underwent surgical treatment in the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2016 to December 2018. qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical method were used to detect the expression of CDC20 in PC tissues and benign prostate hyperplasia tissues. According to the immunohistochemical score, the PC patients were divided into CDC20 high expression group(n=69) and CDC20 low expression group (n=65). The clinicopathological characteristics, 3-year overall survival rate and disease progression-free survival rate were compared between the two groups. Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the risk factors affecting the survival of patients after surgery. Results The results of qRT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the relative expression levels of CDC20 mRNA and protein were higher in PC tissues than in benign prostate hyperplasia tissues with statistically significant difference (mRNA: 1.96±0.34 vs. 0.37±0.12, P=0.003; protein: 1.02±0.08 vs. 0.15±0.06, P<0.001). The immunohistochemical test results showed that the positive expression rate and high expression rate of CDC20 were higher in PC tissues than in benign prostate hyperplasia tissues [CDC20 positive expression rate: 80.6% (108/134) vs. 8.9% (12/134), P<0.001;CDC20 high expression rate: 51.5% (69/134) vs. 0.0% (0/134), P<0.001]. The 3-year overall survival rate and disease progression-free survival rate were lower in CDC20 high expression group than in CDC20 low expression group with statistically significant difference [3-year overall survival rate: 69.6% (48/69) vs. 87.7% (57/65), P=0.012; 3-year disease progression-free survival rate: 62.3% (43/69) vs. 80.0% (52/65), P=0.020]. Gleason score >7 points, cT stage >cT2c stage, T stage >T2 stage, and CDC20 immunohistochemical score ≥8 points were independent risk factors affecting postoperative survival of PC patients (P<0.05). Conclusions The increased expression of CDC20 in PC tissue might mean the progress of PC. CDC20 immunohistochemical score ≥8 points suggests a poor prognosis for patients, so is expected to become a tumor marker for judging the prognosis of PC.

prostate cancer  /  cell division cycle gene 20  /  prognosis  /  clinicopathological characteristics
石峰, 孙文功, 刘增振, 王晓辉, 孟庆泽. CDC20基因的表达对前列腺癌患者临床病理特征及预后的影响. 解放军医学杂志, 2021 , 46 (11) : 1092 -1097 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.05
Feng Shi, Wen-Gong Sun, Zeng-Zhen Liu, Xiao-Hui Wang, Qing-Ze Meng. Effect of cell division cycle gene 20 expression on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer patients[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2021 , 46 (11) : 1092 -1097 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.05
正文
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前列腺癌(prostate cancer，PC)是男性最常见的恶性肿瘤，也是全球男性癌症相关死亡的第二大原因，在我国的发病率仅次于膀胱癌和肾癌，排名第三[1-2]。PC为年龄相关性疾病[3-4]，随着我国人口老龄化的加剧，其发病率有所增高[5]。目前PC发生发展的分子机制仍不清楚[6]，在PC发生过程中细胞周期检查点的改变可能是促进癌症形成的重要标志[7]。作为细胞周期检查点的调节剂，细胞分裂周期20(cell division cycle 20，CDC20)是细胞周期后期促进复合物/环体相互作用的调节蛋白，与启动有丝分裂有关[8]。CDC20可在有丝分裂的中期至后期，通过破坏关键的细胞周期调控因子发挥致癌作用[9]。CDC20水平异常或功能障碍可消除有丝分裂停滞，促进活化蛋白早熟，导致子代细胞发生非整倍性变化[10]。多项研究显示，CDC20表达增加与多种人类癌症的不良病理特征及预后有关[11-13]。目前有研究显示，CDC20在PC中表达失调，参与了PC的进展[14-15]，但其对预后的影响报道较少。本研究分析CDC20在PC中的表达及对PC患者临床病理特征和预后的影响，以期为PC的预后判断提供理论依据。
1 资料与方法
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1.1 一般资料
本研究为前瞻性研究。纳入2016年1月—2018年12月在联勤保障部队第988医院进行手术治疗的134例PC患者(年龄48~72岁)及134例良性前列腺增生患者(年龄45~74岁)。PC患者纳入标准：(1)病理确诊为PC；(2)首次确诊，术前未经放化疗治疗；(3)接受前列腺癌根治术。排除标准：(1)合并其他恶性肿瘤；(2)合并严重肝肾功能障碍；(3)合并凝血功能异常。良性前列腺增生患者纳入标准：(1)确诊为前列腺增生；(2)接受前列腺切除术。排除标准：合并恶性肿瘤、严重肝肾功能障碍、凝血功能异常。收集手术切除的PC组织及良性前列腺增生组织，于-80 ℃冰箱备存。患者术后定期电话随访，随访时间8~36个月，随访截止日期为2020年12月1日，根据随访结果计算术后3年生存率。本研究经过联勤保障部队第988医院伦理委员会批准(201501005)，患者及其家属均签署知情同意书。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 qRT-PCR检测CDC20 mRNA表达水平
利用TRizol试剂提取PC组织和良性前列腺增生组织的总RNA，紫外分光光度计检测样品的浓度及纯度，合格后进行后续实验。将提取的RNA反转录为cDNA，根据TaKaRa实时荧光定量试剂盒说明书步骤操作，总反应体系为20 μl。反应条件：95 ℃预变性5 min；95 ℃变性30 s，60 ℃退火30 s，72 ℃延伸30 s，共40个循环。CDC20引物：上游5'-GTAGCTCCTGAGTGACGTGT-3'，下游5'-TGGTGCCAGCGCTCTAAGCT-3'；GAPDH引物：上游5'-CGTACTTGCTAAGCTTTCGTTTCGAT-3'，下游5'-CCGTATGCTGTAACTGTTCCGTGT-3'。以管家基因U6作为内参，采用2-ΔΔCt法计算CDC20 mRNA的相对表达水平。
1.2.2 Western
blotting检测CDC20蛋白表达水平利用蛋白提取试剂盒提取PC组织和良性前列腺增生组织的总蛋白，BCA蛋白定量，取30 μg蛋白行SDS-PAGE电泳，转至PVDF膜上。用1% BSA室温封闭2 h，加入抗CDC20鼠单克隆抗体、抗β-actin鼠单克隆抗体(1:1000，英国Abcam公司)4 ℃孵育过夜，TBST洗涤3次；加入羊抗鼠抗体(1:4000，英国Abcam公司)室温孵育1 h，TBST洗涤3次，加入化学发光显色液显色，采用凝胶成像系统拍照。
1.2.3 免疫组化检测CDC20的表达
制备PC组织和良性前列腺增生组织切片，脱蜡、梯度乙醇水化，采用PV6000法染色，3% H2O2灭活内源性酶；置于柠檬酸盐修复液中，加热修复抗原，然后自然冷却、水洗；封闭后，滴加抗CDC20鼠单克隆抗体(1:200，英国Acbam公司)4 ℃孵育过夜；PBS冲洗，滴加羊抗鼠抗体(1:400，英国Abcam公司)室温孵育1 h，PBS冲洗3次；滴加显色液，苏木精复染，中性树胶封片，于显微镜下观察。
染色强度评分标准：阴性(0分)、弱阳性(1分)、中等阳性(2分)、强阳性(3分)。阳性细胞数评分：少于5%(0分)、5%~25%(1分)、26%~50%(2分)、51%~75%(3分)、76%~100%(4分)。总分=染色强度评分×阳性细胞数评分，其中0~7分设为CDC20低表达组，8~12分设为CDC20高表达组。比较两组年龄、血清总前列腺特异性抗原(tPSA)、Gleason评分、cT分期、T分期和骨转移等一般资料。
1.3 统计学处理
应用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。符合正态分布和方差齐性的计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示，组间比较采用成组或配对t检验；计数资料以例(%)表示，组间比较采用χ2检验；采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制疾病无进展生存和总生存曲线，Log-rank法比较不同组间的生存率，Cox回归分析患者术后生存的危险因素。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
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2.1 PC组织与良性前列腺增生组织中CDC20 mRNA和蛋白表达水平比较
PC组织中CDC20 mRNA和蛋白相对表达水平高于良性前列腺增生组织，差异有统计学意义(mRNA：1.96±0.34 vs.0.37±0.12，t=3.254，P=0.003；蛋白：1.02±0.08 vs. 0.15±0.06，t=7.526，P<0.001，图1)。
2.2 PC组织和良性前列腺增生组织中CDC20表达情况
免疫组化检测结果显示，PC组织中CDC20阳性表达率和高表达率高于良性前列腺增生组织，差异有统计学意义[CDC20阳性表达率：80.6%(108/134) vs. 8.9%(12/134)，χ2=139.070，P<0.001；CDC20高表达率：51.5%(69/134) vs.0.0%(0/134)，χ2=92.925，P<0.001，图2]。
2.3 CDC20表达与临床病理特征的关系
依据免疫组化评分，将134例PC患者分为CDC20低表达组(n=65)与CDC20高表达组(n=69)。CDC20表达与PC患者年龄无关(P>0.05)，而与血清tPSA、Gleason评分、cT分期、T分期和骨转移有关(P<0.05，表1)。
2.4 CDC20表达对术后3年存活率的影响
CDC20高表达组术后3年总生存率、疾病无进展生存率低于CDC20低表达组，差异有统计学意义[3年总生存率：69.6%(48/69) vs. 87.7%(57/65)，χ2=6.366，P=0.012；3年疾病无进展生存率：62.3%(43/69) vs.80.0%(52/65)，χ2=5.448，P=0.020，图3]。
2.5 影响术后生存的危险因素分析
Cox单因素分析结果显示，血清tPSA、Gleason评分、cT分期、T分期和CDC20表达是影响PC患者术后生存的危险因素(P<0.05)。将以上因素纳入Cox多因素回归模型，结果显示，Gleason评分>7分、cT分期>cT2c期、T分期>T2期和CDC20免疫组化评分≥8分是影响PC患者术后生存的独立危险因素(P<0.05，表2)。
3 讨论
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随着人口老龄化的加剧，PC发病率呈逐渐增高趋势。大多数PC患者可接受根治性前列腺切除术，然而术后约30%的患者出现复发，其中大部分会发生远处或局部转移[16]，要准确预测其预后仍存在一定困难，亟需寻找新的生物标志物以预测PC的预后并揭示PC的治疗目标。肿瘤组织中的生物标志物在PC患者的临床管理中，尤其是在监测疾病预后和治疗靶标选择方面具有重要的指导价值。1973年，CDC20在酵母中首次被发现，最初认为其作用主要是调节细胞周期的进程[17]。已鉴定的CDC20底物包括细胞周期蛋白B1、细胞周期蛋白A、Securin、Geminin和p21等参与有丝分裂过程的因子[18]。有研究显示，CDC20具有致癌作用，可能成为抗肿瘤治疗的靶点[19]。但目前CDC20在PC中的表达情况及对患者预后的影响尚未明确。
癌症基因组图谱和病理分析结果显示，CDC20异常上调与各种类型的癌症密切相关，与癌症患者标本中的正常上皮细胞和邻近正常组织相比，乳腺癌细胞和结肠癌细胞中CDC20呈过表达[20-22]。本研究收集了134例PC组织和134例良性前列腺增生组织，免疫组化染色结果显示，PC组织中CDC20阳性表达率为80.6%，高表达率为51.5%，明显高于良性前列腺增生组织；qRT-PCR和Western blotting检测结果显示，PC组织中CDC20 mRNA和蛋白相对表达水平高于良性前列腺增生组织，与免疫组化检测结果一致，提示CDC20高表达可能参与了PC的发生和发展。CDC20高表达在多种肿瘤中发挥重要作用，如Tang等[22]发现，CDC20在细胞周期途径、DNA复制途径、同源重组途径和P53信号传导途径中较为活跃，其高表达与乳腺癌晚期肿瘤等级和预后不良相关。CDC20表达上调与胃癌的侵袭性[22]和原发性非小细胞肺癌[23]的进展及预后不良有关。此外，在结直肠癌肝转移患者的肝组织中检测到CDC20表达增加[24]。本研究结果显示，PC组织中CDC20表达与血清tPSA、Gleason评分、cT分期、T分期和骨转移有关，表明在tPSA≥20 μg/L、Gleason评分>7分、cT分期>cT2c、T分期T3~T4期和骨转移患者中CDC20表达水平较高，提示CDC20与PC进展有关。CDC20高表达患者术后3年总生存率和疾病无进展生存率均较低，且CDC20高表达是影响患者术后生存的独立危险因素，提示CDC20可能是评价PC预后的有效标志物。有研究显示，CDC20与PC的恶性进展相关，CDC20高表达患者更具有侵袭性的临床病理特征且预后不良[15]，本研究结果与之一致。
阻断有丝分裂进程是诱导癌细胞死亡的有效方法之一，抑制有丝分裂过程中的有丝分裂检查点、微管聚合、染色单体分离、胞质分裂和有丝分裂退出等步骤，已被认为是研发抗有丝分裂药物的重要方向[25]。CDC20-APC/C在控制染色单体分离和有丝分裂退出方面发挥关键作用，应用有效的CDC20-APC/C抑制剂或研发针对CDC20的抑制剂，通过抑制有丝分裂治疗癌症为目前的研究提供了新思路。对于CDC20高表达的PC患者接受CDC20抑制剂是否可改善预后仍需深入研究。本研究仅描述了CDC20在PC组织中的表达及对患者临床病理特征和预后的影响，其在PC中的具体作用机制有待进一步研究。
综上所述，CDC20在PC组织中表达增加，可能参与了肿瘤的进展。CDC20免疫组化评分≥8分提示患者预后不良，有望成为判断PC预后的肿瘤标志物。
基金
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  • 2018 Henan Medical Science and Technology Public Relations Project(201802029)
文献
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2021年第46卷第11期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.05
  • 接收时间：2021-05-09
  • 首发时间：2025-12-19
  • 出版时间：2021-11-28
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  • 收稿日期：2021-05-09
  • 修回日期：2021-10-08
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2018 Henan Medical Science and Technology Public Relations Project(201802029)
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    1联勤保障部队第988医院泌尿外科，郑州 450000
    2河南科技大学第一附属医院泌尿外科，河南洛阳 471000

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孟庆泽，E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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