Article(id=1208791316276842976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.01, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1627228800000, receivedDateStr=2021-07-26, revisedDate=1630166400000, revisedDateStr=2021-08-29, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766127908056, onlineDateStr=2025-12-19, pubDate=1638028800000, pubDateStr=2021-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766127908056, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766127908056, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766127908056, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208791311621157694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2021', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='1061', pageEnd='1164', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1766127906946, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766128932678, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208795613920104935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208795613920104936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1061, endPage=1067, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208791316557861357, articleId=1208791316276842976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effect and mechanism of rehmannia polysaccharide on the renal injury in offspring of pregnant mice with hyperthyroidism, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effect of rehmannia polysaccharide on the renal injury in offspring of pregnant mice with hyperthyroidism, and on regulating the signaling pathway of nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase(HO-1)/Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). Methods Fifty-six female kunming mice pregnant successfully were randomly divided into normal group (n=12), model group (n=12), positive control group (n=10), rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose group(n=11) and rehmannia polysaccharide high-dose group (n=11) to establish pregnancy with hyperthyroidism model. The positive control group was given methimazole 5 mg/kg intragastric administration, and the low and high dose groups were given rehmannia polysaccharide 20 and 40 mg/kg intragastric administration respectively, once a day, until delivery. The body weight of female mice was measured, and the contents of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)in the serum were detected by ELISA. Kidney tissue of young mice was observed by HE staining. The contents of urea nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine (Cr) in the serum of the young mice were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 content were detected by ELISA, and the relative expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NLRP3 proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results HE staining showed that the renal tubules and glomerulus in model group were disorganized, the basement membrane thickened significantly, large number of red blood cells infiltrated, and endothelial cells were edema. Compared with model group, the kidney tissue lesion reduced obviously in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low and high dose group. The body weight of mice was significantly lower in model group than that in normal group, while was significantly higher in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than that in model group with statistical significance (P<0.05). ELISA results showed that the contents of FT3 and FT4 were significantly higher in model group than that in normal group, while the TSH content was significantly lower in model group than that in normal group (P<0.05). The contents of FT3 and FT4 were lower, while TSH content was higher in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than those in model group with statistical significance(P<0.05). The contents of BUN and Cr were higher in offspring of model group than those in normal group, while were lower in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than those in model group with statistical significance (P<0.05). ELISA results showed that the contents of MDA, IL-1β and IL-18 were higher, while SOD activity was lower in offspring of model group than that in normal group. The contents of MDA, IL-1β and IL-18 were lower, while SOD activity was higher in positive control group, low-dose and high-dose rehmannia polysaccharide groups than those in model group with statistical significance (P<0.05). Western blotting showed that the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were lower and NLRP3 was higher in model group than those in normal group. The expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were higher, while NLPR3 was lower in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than those in model group with statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusion Rehmannia polysaccharide can improve the thyroid function of pregnant mice with hyperthyroidism and protect their offspring from kidney damage, and Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway may play such a role.

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目的 探讨地黄多糖对妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进(简称甲亢)小鼠子代肾损伤的影响,以及对核因子E2相关因子(Nrf2)/血红素氧合酶(HO-1)/Nod样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)信号通路的调节作用。方法 56只成功受孕的昆明雌鼠随机分为正常组(n=12)、模型组(n=12)、阳性对照组(n=10)、地黄多糖低剂量组(n=11)和地黄多糖高剂量组(n=11),建立妊娠合并甲亢模型。阳性对照组给予甲巯咪唑5 mg/kg灌胃,低、高剂量组分别给予地黄多糖20和40 mg/kg灌胃,1次/d,直至分娩。称取母鼠体重,ELISA检测母鼠血清中游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)含量,HE染色观察仔鼠肾组织,全自动生化分析仪检测仔鼠血清中尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(Cr)含量,ELISA检测仔鼠肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18含量,Western blotting检测仔鼠肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1和NLRP3蛋白相对表达量。结果 HE染色结果显示,模型组仔鼠肾小管和肾小球结构紊乱,基底膜明显增厚,大量红细胞浸润,内皮细胞水肿明显;阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组仔鼠肾组织病变较模型组明显减轻。模型组小鼠体重明显低于正常组,而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组小鼠体重明显高于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ELISA检测结果显示,模型组小鼠血清FT3和FT4含量明显高于正常组,TSH含量明显低于正常组;而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组血清FT3和FT4含量低于模型组,TSH含量高于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组仔鼠血清BUN和Cr含量均高于正常组,阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组血清BUN及Cr含量均低于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ELISA检测结果显示,模型组仔鼠肾组织中MDA、IL-1β及IL-18含量均高于正常组,SOD活性低于正常组;而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组肾中MDA、IL-1β及IL-18含量均低于模型组,SOD活性高于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Western blotting检测结果显示,模型组肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1表达量低于正常组,NLRP3表达量高于正常组,而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1表达量高于模型组,NLPR3表达量低于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 地黄多糖可改善妊娠合并甲亢小鼠甲状腺功能,减轻子代肾损伤,其可能的机制是通过Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3通路发挥作用。

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李玉琴,副主任医师,主要从事妊娠合并内分泌疾病方面的研究

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李玉琴,副主任医师,主要从事妊娠合并内分泌疾病方面的研究

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李玉琴,副主任医师,主要从事妊娠合并内分泌疾病方面的研究

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Cell Stress Chaperones, 2021, 26(2): 387-401., articleTitle=Hydrolyzed camel whey protein alleviated heat stress-induced hepatocyte damage by activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibited NF-κB/NLRP3 axis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1209093895376466164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, awardId=26347076, language=EN, fundingSource=Qinghai Provincial Science and Technology Project(26347076), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1209093895460352246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, awardId=26347076, language=CN, fundingSource=青海省科学技术项目(26347076), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1209093890972446859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1209093890980835468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, companyId=1209093890972446859, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1209093890989224078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, companyId=1209093890972446859, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=青海省人民医院产科,西宁 810000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1209093893174456540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Kidney tissue of offspring mice in each group (HE ×400), figureFileSmall=KBSfgeuH0kmNZ2nNKpjNMw==, figureFileBig=D2816jk4NXMmbzskuZiADA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209093893245759710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组仔鼠肾组织HE染色结果(×400)

A.正常组;B. 模型组;C. 阳性对照组;D. 地黄多糖低剂量组;E. 地黄多糖高剂量组

, figureFileSmall=KBSfgeuH0kmNZ2nNKpjNMw==, figureFileBig=D2816jk4NXMmbzskuZiADA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209093893333840096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=The protein expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NLRP3 in kidney tissue of offspring mice in each group (Western blotting), figureFileSmall=tcYGyaI14s5rE6z+uDeL6Q==, figureFileBig=jU0zN5Q4AIJdYnAc8IxMJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209093893413531874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=CN, label=图2, caption=Western blotting检测各组仔鼠肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1和NLRP3蛋白表达水平, figureFileSmall=tcYGyaI14s5rE6z+uDeL6Q==, figureFileBig=jU0zN5Q4AIJdYnAc8IxMJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1209093893501612260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Comparison of FT3, FT4 and TSH contents in each group of pregnant mice ($\bar{x}±s$)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别FT3(pmol/L)FT4(pmol/L)TSH(μU/ml)
正常组(n=12)3.12±0.5741.22±4.161.86±0.23
模型组(n=12)6.85±0.62(1)65.78±4.43(1)0.52±0.24(1)
阳性对照组(n=10)3.74±0.46(1)(2)46.50±4.35(1)(2)1.54±0.32(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组(n=11)6.02±0.55(1)(2)(3)60.47±6.20(1)(2)(3)0.83±0.36(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组(n=11)4.79±0.47(1)(2)(3)(4)53.64±5.17(1)(2)(3)(4)1.16±0.29(1)(2)(3)(4)
F94.72148.19440.042
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1209093893577109733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组孕鼠血清FT3、FT4和TSH含量比较($\bar{x}±s$)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别FT3(pmol/L)FT4(pmol/L)TSH(μU/ml)
正常组(n=12)3.12±0.5741.22±4.161.86±0.23
模型组(n=12)6.85±0.62(1)65.78±4.43(1)0.52±0.24(1)
阳性对照组(n=10)3.74±0.46(1)(2)46.50±4.35(1)(2)1.54±0.32(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组(n=11)6.02±0.55(1)(2)(3)60.47±6.20(1)(2)(3)0.83±0.36(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组(n=11)4.79±0.47(1)(2)(3)(4)53.64±5.17(1)(2)(3)(4)1.16±0.29(1)(2)(3)(4)
F94.72148.19440.042
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1209093894843789543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Comparison of BUN and Cr contents in serum of offspring mice in each group ($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别BUN(mmol/L)Cr(mmol/L)
正常组4.24±0.2732.84±4.07
模型组8.60±0.33(1)47.54±3.38(1)
阳性对照组4.85±0.24(1)(2)36.75±4.22(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组7.36±0.19(1)(2)(3)43.06±4.52(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组5.94±0.26(1)(2)(3)(4)39.94±3.67(1)(2)(3)(4)
F467.69520.083
P<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1209093894910898409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组仔鼠血清BUN和Cr含量比较($\bar{x}±s$,n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别BUN(mmol/L)Cr(mmol/L)
正常组4.24±0.2732.84±4.07
模型组8.60±0.33(1)47.54±3.38(1)
阳性对照组4.85±0.24(1)(2)36.75±4.22(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组7.36±0.19(1)(2)(3)43.06±4.52(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组5.94±0.26(1)(2)(3)(4)39.94±3.67(1)(2)(3)(4)
F467.69520.083
P<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1209093894982201579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Comparison of SOD activity, MDA, IL-1β and IL-18 contents in kidney tissue of offspring mice in each group ($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别SOD(U/L)MDA(nmol/L)IL-1β(mg/L)IL-18(mg/L)
正常组204.75±11.1440.53±4.7395.64±11.4354.37±6.14
模型组121.46±9.57(1)96.84±6.01(1)315.76±18.86(1)115.75±8.39(1)
阳性对照组195.62±9.79(1)(2)46.64±6.43(1)(2)127.46±16.73(1)(2)68.31±8.20(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组169.89±11.66(1)(2)(3)72.50±4.28(1)(2)(3)244.05±17.47(1)(2)(3)92.40±6.52(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组184.35±10.74(1)(2)(3)(4)57.09±5.31(1)(2)(3)(4)174.38±15.83(1)(2)(3)(4)76.99±7.37(1)(2)(3)(4)
F95.279174.449300.537102.064
P<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1209093895053504749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组仔鼠肾组织中SOD活性及MDA、IL-1β、IL-18含量比较($\bar{x}±s$,n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别SOD(U/L)MDA(nmol/L)IL-1β(mg/L)IL-18(mg/L)
正常组204.75±11.1440.53±4.7395.64±11.4354.37±6.14
模型组121.46±9.57(1)96.84±6.01(1)315.76±18.86(1)115.75±8.39(1)
阳性对照组195.62±9.79(1)(2)46.64±6.43(1)(2)127.46±16.73(1)(2)68.31±8.20(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组169.89±11.66(1)(2)(3)72.50±4.28(1)(2)(3)244.05±17.47(1)(2)(3)92.40±6.52(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组184.35±10.74(1)(2)(3)(4)57.09±5.31(1)(2)(3)(4)174.38±15.83(1)(2)(3)(4)76.99±7.37(1)(2)(3)(4)
F95.279174.449300.537102.064
P<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1209093895116419311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Comparison of Nrf2, HO-1 and NLRP3 protein expression in kidney tissue of offspring mice in each group ($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别Nrf2HO-1NLRP3
正常组1.01±0.051.05±0.060.32±0.05
模型组0.43±0.06(1)0.45±0.06(1)0.87±0.06(1)
阳性对照组0.96±0.04(1)(2)0.97±0.05(1)(2)0.44±0.06(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组0.62±0.07(1)(2)(3)0.65±0.07(1)(2)(3)0.73±0.07(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组0.86±0.06(1)(2)(3)(4)0.89±0.06(1)(2)(3)(4)0.58±0.07(1)(2)(3)(4)
F184.970167.912124.026
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1209093895212888305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791316276842976, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各组仔鼠肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1、NLRP3蛋白表达比较($\bar{x}±s$,n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别Nrf2HO-1NLRP3
正常组1.01±0.051.05±0.060.32±0.05
模型组0.43±0.06(1)0.45±0.06(1)0.87±0.06(1)
阳性对照组0.96±0.04(1)(2)0.97±0.05(1)(2)0.44±0.06(1)(2)
地黄多糖低剂量组0.62±0.07(1)(2)(3)0.65±0.07(1)(2)(3)0.73±0.07(1)(2)(3)
地黄多糖高剂量组0.86±0.06(1)(2)(3)(4)0.89±0.06(1)(2)(3)(4)0.58±0.07(1)(2)(3)(4)
F184.970167.912124.026
P<0.001<0.001<0.001
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地黄多糖对妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进小鼠子代肾损伤的影响及机制
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李玉琴 , 俄洛吉 , 巩海凤 , 汪玉凤 , 曾湘晖
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2021,46(11): 1061-1067
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2021, 46(11): 1061-1067
地黄多糖对妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进小鼠子代肾损伤的影响及机制
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李玉琴, 俄洛吉, 巩海凤, 汪玉凤, 曾湘晖
作者信息
  • 青海省人民医院产科,西宁 810000
  • 李玉琴,副主任医师,主要从事妊娠合并内分泌疾病方面的研究

Effect and mechanism of rehmannia polysaccharide on the renal injury in offspring of pregnant mice with hyperthyroidism
Yu-Qin Li, Oroji, Hai-Feng Gong, Yu-Feng Wang, Xiang-Hui Zeng
Affiliations
  • Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China
出版时间: 2021-11-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.01
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目的 探讨地黄多糖对妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进(简称甲亢)小鼠子代肾损伤的影响,以及对核因子E2相关因子(Nrf2)/血红素氧合酶(HO-1)/Nod样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)信号通路的调节作用。方法 56只成功受孕的昆明雌鼠随机分为正常组(n=12)、模型组(n=12)、阳性对照组(n=10)、地黄多糖低剂量组(n=11)和地黄多糖高剂量组(n=11),建立妊娠合并甲亢模型。阳性对照组给予甲巯咪唑5 mg/kg灌胃,低、高剂量组分别给予地黄多糖20和40 mg/kg灌胃,1次/d,直至分娩。称取母鼠体重,ELISA检测母鼠血清中游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)含量,HE染色观察仔鼠肾组织,全自动生化分析仪检测仔鼠血清中尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(Cr)含量,ELISA检测仔鼠肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18含量,Western blotting检测仔鼠肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1和NLRP3蛋白相对表达量。结果 HE染色结果显示,模型组仔鼠肾小管和肾小球结构紊乱,基底膜明显增厚,大量红细胞浸润,内皮细胞水肿明显;阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组仔鼠肾组织病变较模型组明显减轻。模型组小鼠体重明显低于正常组,而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组小鼠体重明显高于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ELISA检测结果显示,模型组小鼠血清FT3和FT4含量明显高于正常组,TSH含量明显低于正常组;而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组血清FT3和FT4含量低于模型组,TSH含量高于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组仔鼠血清BUN和Cr含量均高于正常组,阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组血清BUN及Cr含量均低于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ELISA检测结果显示,模型组仔鼠肾组织中MDA、IL-1β及IL-18含量均高于正常组,SOD活性低于正常组;而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组肾中MDA、IL-1β及IL-18含量均低于模型组,SOD活性高于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Western blotting检测结果显示,模型组肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1表达量低于正常组,NLRP3表达量高于正常组,而阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组肾组织中Nrf2、HO-1表达量高于模型组,NLPR3表达量低于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 地黄多糖可改善妊娠合并甲亢小鼠甲状腺功能,减轻子代肾损伤,其可能的机制是通过Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3通路发挥作用。

妊娠  /  甲状腺功能亢进  /  肾损伤  /  地黄多糖  /  Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3通路

Objective To investigate the effect of rehmannia polysaccharide on the renal injury in offspring of pregnant mice with hyperthyroidism, and on regulating the signaling pathway of nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase(HO-1)/Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). Methods Fifty-six female kunming mice pregnant successfully were randomly divided into normal group (n=12), model group (n=12), positive control group (n=10), rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose group(n=11) and rehmannia polysaccharide high-dose group (n=11) to establish pregnancy with hyperthyroidism model. The positive control group was given methimazole 5 mg/kg intragastric administration, and the low and high dose groups were given rehmannia polysaccharide 20 and 40 mg/kg intragastric administration respectively, once a day, until delivery. The body weight of female mice was measured, and the contents of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)in the serum were detected by ELISA. Kidney tissue of young mice was observed by HE staining. The contents of urea nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine (Cr) in the serum of the young mice were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 content were detected by ELISA, and the relative expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NLRP3 proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results HE staining showed that the renal tubules and glomerulus in model group were disorganized, the basement membrane thickened significantly, large number of red blood cells infiltrated, and endothelial cells were edema. Compared with model group, the kidney tissue lesion reduced obviously in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low and high dose group. The body weight of mice was significantly lower in model group than that in normal group, while was significantly higher in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than that in model group with statistical significance (P<0.05). ELISA results showed that the contents of FT3 and FT4 were significantly higher in model group than that in normal group, while the TSH content was significantly lower in model group than that in normal group (P<0.05). The contents of FT3 and FT4 were lower, while TSH content was higher in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than those in model group with statistical significance(P<0.05). The contents of BUN and Cr were higher in offspring of model group than those in normal group, while were lower in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than those in model group with statistical significance (P<0.05). ELISA results showed that the contents of MDA, IL-1β and IL-18 were higher, while SOD activity was lower in offspring of model group than that in normal group. The contents of MDA, IL-1β and IL-18 were lower, while SOD activity was higher in positive control group, low-dose and high-dose rehmannia polysaccharide groups than those in model group with statistical significance (P<0.05). Western blotting showed that the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were lower and NLRP3 was higher in model group than those in normal group. The expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were higher, while NLPR3 was lower in positive control group and rehmannia polysaccharide low-dose and high-dose groups than those in model group with statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusion Rehmannia polysaccharide can improve the thyroid function of pregnant mice with hyperthyroidism and protect their offspring from kidney damage, and Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway may play such a role.

pregnancy  /  hyperthyroidism  /  kidney injury  /  rehmannia polysaccharide  /  Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathways
李玉琴, 俄洛吉, 巩海凤, 汪玉凤, 曾湘晖. 地黄多糖对妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进小鼠子代肾损伤的影响及机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2021 , 46 (11) : 1061 -1067 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.01
Yu-Qin Li, Oroji, Hai-Feng Gong, Yu-Feng Wang, Xiang-Hui Zeng. Effect and mechanism of rehmannia polysaccharide on the renal injury in offspring of pregnant mice with hyperthyroidism[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2021 , 46 (11) : 1061 -1067 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.01
甲状腺功能亢进(简称甲亢)是一种常见的内分泌系统疾病,主要由甲状腺激素合成和分泌过多引起[1],其发病率近年来呈上升趋势,女性患病率高于男性,尤其是妊娠期女性患病率较高。妊娠合并甲亢常造成子代发育异常,甚至出现早产、流产以及胎儿畸形等不良结局[2-3]。研究发现,妊娠期合并甲亢常造成子代肾脏损伤,且与甲亢程度有关[4]。地黄首次记载于《神农本草经》,具有清热解毒、养阴生津之功效,研究发现,加味杞菊地黄汤可降低妊娠期高血压-子痫前期女性血压水平,减轻临床症状,降低母婴不良结局发生率[5]。参麦地黄汤可有效改善妊娠合并糖尿病患者的血糖和血脂代谢紊乱,降低不良妊娠结局的发生率[6]。地黄多糖是从地黄中提取的主要活性成分,具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤和提高免疫力等多种药理学活性。研究发现,地黄多糖可减轻脑缺血再灌注大鼠的神经功能损伤[7],还可通过活化自然杀伤(NK)细胞,抑制结肠癌的生长[8]。此外,Fan等[9]发现,地黄多糖可使白血病细胞K562阻滞于G0/G1期,并诱导细胞凋亡,抑制细胞增殖。基于地黄对妊娠期伴发其他疾病的女性及其后代均具有改善作用,且地黄的主要成分地黄多糖在多种疾病中具有保护作用,本研究建立了妊娠期甲亢小鼠模型,探讨了地黄多糖对妊娠合并甲亢小鼠症状的缓解作用和对子代肾损伤的保护作用及其可能的机制。
8周龄SPF级雌性昆明小鼠60只,体重20~22 g,雄性昆明小鼠30只,体重22~24 g,购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司[许可证号:SCXK(京)2018-0001]。饲养环境为:温度18~25 ℃,相对湿度50%~70%,1:1明暗交替,自由饮食饮水。实验过程符合国家及单位有关动物管理和使用的规定。
地黄多糖(纯度≥90%)购自河南同仁堂;左甲状腺素钠购自德国Merck Serono公司;游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine,FT3)、游离甲状腺素(free thyroxine,FT4)、促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、肌酐(creatinine,Cr)和血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)试剂盒购自南京建成生物工程研究所;白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和IL-18试剂盒购自美国R&D公司;兔抗鼠核因子E2相关因子2(Nuclear factor E2 related factor2,Nrf2)、血红素氧合酶1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)、Nod样受体蛋白3(Nod-like receptor protein3,NLRP3)抗体购自英国Abcam公司;多功能酶标仪购自美国伯腾仪器有限公司。
甲亢模型制备参考文献[10]:将60只雌鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量组和地黄多糖高剂量组(n=12)。除正常组雌鼠外,其余组雌鼠每天以150 μg/100 g左甲状腺素钠灌胃,1次/d,连续21 d,正常组雌鼠以同体积生理盐水灌胃,1次/d,连续21 d。左甲状腺素钠灌胃第8天开始,阳性对照组雌鼠灌胃左甲状腺素钠4 h后,给予甲巯咪唑5 mg/kg灌胃治疗,地黄多糖低、高剂量组雌鼠灌胃左甲状腺素钠4 h后,分别给予20和40 mg/kg地黄多糖灌胃,正常组和模型组雌鼠同体积生理盐水灌胃,1次/d。
第21天下午17:00时,将60只雌鼠与30只雄鼠按2:1比例合笼,次日早晨雌鼠阴道口出现白色米粒大小的阴栓为受孕成功,记为受孕0天。各组雌鼠继续药物灌胃,直至分娩。各组模型制备成功例数为:正常组及模型组各12只,阳性对照组10只,地黄多糖低、高剂量组各11只。
雌鼠自然分娩后,称取各组母鼠体重,眼内眦静脉采血,室温静置30 min,3000 r/min离心10 min(离心半径8 cm),收集上清液待测。根据试剂盒说明书稀释标准品,将40 μl待测样品加入酶标包被板孔中,再加入10 μl生物素标记的抗体,封板后室温静置30 min,弃去酶标板中的液体,PBST洗涤液洗涤5次,加入显色液,置于37 ℃水浴锅中避光显色10 min,加入终止液50 μl,置于酶标仪上,测定450 nm处吸光度(A)值,根据标准曲线计算FT3、FT4和TSH浓度。
雌鼠分娩后,各组随机选取10只仔鼠,经腹主动脉采血,置于采血管中,室温静置30 min,3000 r/min离心10 min(离心半径8 cm),收集上清液,全自动生化分析仪检测各组仔鼠血清BUN和Cr浓度。
仔鼠采血完成后,取各组肾组织,经常规脱水、包埋、切片后行HE染色。滴加伊红染液于组织上染色5 min,双蒸水冲洗干净,滴加苏木精染液于组织上,染色3 min,双蒸水清洗干净,中性树胶封片,显微镜下观察肾组织病理损伤情况并拍照。
取部分肾组织,加入预冷PBS后匀浆,12 000 r/min离心10 min(离心半径10 cm),收集上清液,根据试剂盒说明书用紫外-可见分光光度计平行测定SOD活性和MDA含量,采用ELISA法(参照1.4)检测IL-1β和IL-18含量。
取100 mg仔鼠肾组织置于液氮中研磨,裂解液裂解30 min,BCA法测定蛋白浓度,100 ℃煮沸10 min,10%分离胶进行电泳,120 V电泳2 h,0.3 A湿转2 h,TBST洗膜3次,室温封闭1 h,分别加入Nrf2、HO-1、NLRP3和GAPDH蛋白一抗(1:1000) 4 ℃孵育过夜,TBST洗膜3次,加二抗(1:5000)室温孵育1 h,TBST洗膜3次,ECL法显色,ImageJ软件分析蛋白条带灰度值。目的蛋白相对表达量=目的蛋白条带灰度值/内参GAPDH蛋白条带灰度值。
采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
与正常组比较,模型组小鼠体重明显降低[(30.47±1.05) g vs.(36.64±1.02) g,P<0.05];与模型组比较,阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组小鼠体重[分别为(34.86±1.00) g、(31.96±1.02) g、(33.57±1.03) g]明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
ELISA检测结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组血清FT3和FT4明显升高,TSH明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组FT3和FT4明显降低,TSH明显升高(P<0.05);与阳性对照组比较,地黄多糖低、高剂量组FT3和FT4明显升高,TSH明显降低(P<0.05);与地黄多糖低剂量组比较,地黄多糖高剂量组FT3和FT4明显降低,TSH明显升高(P<0.05)(表1)。
正常组仔鼠肾组织结构完整,肾小管和肾小球排列整齐,内皮细胞无变形,基底膜无增厚;模型组仔鼠肾小管和肾小球结构紊乱,基底膜明显增厚,大量红细胞浸润,内皮细胞水肿明显;阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组仔鼠肾组织病变较模型组减轻(图1)。
与正常组比较,模型组BUN和Cr明显升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组BUN和Cr明显降低(P<0.05);与阳性对照组比较,地黄多糖低、高剂量组BUN和Cr明显升高(P<0.05);与地黄多糖低剂量组比较,地黄多糖高剂量组BUN和Cr明显降低(P<0.05)(表2)。
与正常组比较,模型组肾组织MDA、IL-1β和IL-18含量明显升高,SOD活性明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组肾组织MDA、IL-1β和IL-18含量明显降低,SOD活性明显升高(P<0.05);与阳性对照组比较,地黄多糖低、高剂量组肾组织MDA、IL-1β和IL-18含量明显升高,SOD活性明显降低(P<0.05);与地黄多糖低剂量组比较,地黄多糖高剂量组肾组织MDA、IL-1β和IL-18含量明显降低,SOD活性明显升高(P<0.05)(表3)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与正常组比较,模型组肾组织Nrf2和HO-1蛋白表达明显降低,NLRP3蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,阳性对照组、地黄多糖低剂量和高剂量组肾组织Nrf2和HO-1蛋白表达明显升高,NLRP3蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05);与阳性对照组比较,地黄多糖低、高剂量组肾组织Nrf2和HO-1蛋白表达明显降低,NLRP3蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05);与地黄多糖低剂量组比较,地黄多糖高剂量组肾组织Nrf2和HO-1蛋白表达明显升高,NLRP3蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05)(图2表4)。
血率、早产率及流产率明显高于正常妊娠女性[13]。发生甲亢时,甲状腺球蛋白抗体与其抗原结合形成循环免疫沉淀物,积聚在肾小球基底膜与血管襻之间,从而造成肾脏损伤[14]
甲状腺激素分泌过多可引起神经系统、循环系统及消化系统兴奋性增高,代谢增强,主要表现为多食、消瘦、畏热、激动、多汗和心悸等高代谢症候群,甚者出现甲状腺肿大和突眼症[11]。甲亢好发于育龄期女性,妊娠期合并甲亢为常见的妇科疾病,甲状腺素及抗甲状腺抗体可通过胎盘进入胎儿体内,导致胎儿甲状腺功能和下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴异常,诱导胎儿出现宫内发育迟缓、低出生体重等不良后果[12]。研究发现,妊娠期合并甲亢患者产后出甲状腺激素包含T3和T4,以T4为主,由甲状腺上皮细胞合成后释放入血,其中部分T3和T4与甲状腺素结合球蛋白结合,而另一部分以游离状态(FT3和FT4)随血液运输,因此FT3和FT4是反映甲状腺功能的主要指标[15]。TSH由垂体分泌,作用于甲状腺上皮细胞的促甲状腺激素受体,从而促进甲状腺激素的合成和分泌;发生甲亢时,血清甲状腺激素增多,负向调控垂体分泌TSH,使血清TSH水平降低[16]。Song等[17]发现,地黄多糖是一种传统中药,可降低甲型肝炎病毒造成的病死率,减轻肝脏病理损伤,缓解肝脏过氧化损伤。本研究通过左甲状腺素钠灌胃建立甲亢模型,探讨地黄多糖对妊娠期合并甲亢小鼠的症状缓解作用及对仔鼠肾损伤的保护作用。左甲状腺素钠是一种人工合成的四碘甲腺原氨酸钠,吸收入血后,可转化成T4发挥甲状腺激素的作用,大量服用可使血清甲状腺素水平升高,产生甲亢症状。本研究中,小鼠给予左甲状腺素钠灌胃后,血清中FT3和FT4水平升高,TSH水平降低,且体重减轻,并出现了明显的甲亢症状。甲巯咪唑是临床上治疗甲亢的常用药物,本研究用甲巯咪唑治疗后,甲亢小鼠体重增加,血清FT3和FT4水平降低,TSH水平升高。低、高剂量地黄多糖灌胃甲亢小鼠后,其治疗效果与甲巯咪唑相同,提示地黄多糖对甲亢具有改善作用。
此外,本研究通过检测仔鼠肾功能指标BUN和Cr及仔鼠肾组织病理形态学改变,探讨了地黄多糖对妊娠合并甲亢小鼠子代肾损伤是否具有保护作用。HE染色结果显示,正常小鼠生育的仔鼠肾组织结构完整,肾小管和肾小球排列整齐,内皮细胞无变形,基底膜无增厚;甲亢小鼠生育的仔鼠肾小管和肾小球结构紊乱,基底膜明显增厚,大量红细胞浸润,内皮细胞水肿明显;而经甲巯咪唑和地黄多糖治疗后仔鼠肾组织病变较模型组减轻。发生甲亢的小鼠,其子代血清中BUN和Cr水平升高,甲巯咪唑和地黄多糖治疗后血清中BUN和Cr水平均明显降低。有研究发现,炎症反应和氧化应激在甲亢造成的肾损伤中发挥正向调控作用[18-19]。氧化应激时,活性氧过度产生,氧化程度远远超过了抗氧化系统的清除能力,从而发生脂质过氧化反应,脂质过氧化物催化裂解产生MDA,其毒性作用造成了细胞的不可逆损伤[20]。SOD是机体内重要的自由基抗氧化清除酶,其活性程度反映了机体的抗氧化应激水平[21]。本研究中,模型组仔鼠肾组织中炎性因子IL-1β和IL-18水平升高,MDA含量升高,而SOD活性降低,给予地黄多糖后仔鼠肾组织中IL-1β和IL-18水平降低,MDA含量下降,而SOD活性升高,提示地黄多糖可减轻妊娠合并甲亢小鼠子代的肾损伤,降低肾组织炎症反应和氧化应激水平。
Nrf2是一种氧化还原敏感的转录因子,可与抗氧化反应元件相互作用,在维持细胞氧化还原平衡中具有重要作用。正常情况下,Nrf2与Keap1特异性结合存在于细胞质中,通过泛素化蛋白酶体途径被降解,而当发生应激时,Nrf2与Keap1解离,活化后的Nrf2进入细胞核与抗氧化反应元件结合,启动抗氧化基因如HO-1的表达,从而发挥抗氧化作用[22]。NLRP3炎性小体是一种多蛋白复合物,可激活caspase-1,从而介导促炎因子IL-1β和IL-18的成熟和分泌。有研究发现NLRP3活化与多种肾脏疾病相关,如糖尿病肾病、肾损伤和肾纤维化[23-25]。Bian等[26]发现,二氢硫辛酸可通过Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3信号通路降低氧化应激和炎症水平,从而减轻脂多糖诱导的大鼠行为缺陷。Cpt1a通过Nrf2/HO-1和NLRP3炎性小体信号通路促进活性氧诱导的氧化应激和炎症反应,加重肝损伤[27]。乳清蛋白可通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路及抑制NF-κB/NLRP3轴而缓解热应激诱导的肝细胞损伤[28]。本研究中甲亢小鼠子代肾组织中Nrf2和HO-1表达降低,NLRP3蛋白表达升高,而甲巯咪唑和地黄多糖治疗后,仔鼠肾组织中Nrf2和HO-1表达升高,NLRP3蛋白表达降低,提示地黄多糖可调节Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3信号通路。
综上所述,地黄多糖可缓解妊娠合并甲亢小鼠的甲亢症状,同时发挥子代肾脏保护作用,可能是通过调节Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3信号通路而发挥作用的,为临床治疗妊娠合并甲亢提供了理论依据。下一步研究可通过采用抑制剂或激活剂影响Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3信号通路,进一步探讨地黄多糖对该信号通路的调节作用。
  • 青海省科学技术项目(26347076)
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2021年第46卷第11期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.01
  • 接收时间:2021-07-26
  • 首发时间:2025-12-19
  • 出版时间:2021-11-28
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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-26
  • 修回日期:2021-08-29
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Qinghai Provincial Science and Technology Project(26347076)
青海省科学技术项目(26347076)
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    青海省人民医院产科,西宁 810000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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