Article(id=1208791314603315666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.02, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1617465600000, receivedDateStr=2021-04-04, revisedDate=1631808000000, revisedDateStr=2021-09-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1766127907658, onlineDateStr=2025-12-19, pubDate=1638028800000, pubDateStr=2021-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1766127907658, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1766127907658, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766127907658, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1208791311621157694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2021', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='1061', pageEnd='1164', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1766127906946, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1766128932678, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1208795613920104935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1208795613920104936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1208791311621157694, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1068, endPage=1076, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1208791316046156247, articleId=1208791314603315666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=SND1 recognize the methylation sites of TINCR to promote growth of keloid fibroblasts, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the interaction between staphylococcal nuclease domain containing protein 1 (SND1)and tissue differentiation-inducing non-coding RNA (TINCR), and the effect of SND1 on TINCR expression level and keloid growth. Methods Keloid tissue samples (n=27) were collected from patients with Ⅱ- or Ⅲ-degree burns who received treatment in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from June 2016 to May 2018. Bioinformatics methods were used to predict RNA methylation sites in TINCR sequences; human primary normal skin fibroblasts (HFs) and keloid fibroblasts (KFs) were cultured and divided into HFs group and KFs group. KFs in logarithmic growth phase were taken, and divided into: (1) control group, empty vector group and methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3) overexpression group, (2) control group and 3-deazaadenosine (DAA) group, and(3) control group, SND1 recombinant proteome group and SND1 proteome+DAA group. The relative expression level of TINCR in HFs and KFs was determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR); methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) followed by RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the methylation levels of TINCR; Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression levels of SND1 and METTL3 protein; the half-life of TINCR was determined by actinomycin D treatment combined with RT-qPCR,and the cell proliferation capacity was assessed with CCK-8 and clone assays. A keloid xenograft model was generated with 18 BALB/c nude mice, and then randomly divided into three groups (6 mice in each group): keloid group, keloid+SND1 recombinant protein group, and keloid+SND1 recombinant protein+DAA group. Keloid tissue growth was observed by HE staining; the expression level of SND1 in keloid tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry staining and Western blotting. Results The third exon of TINCR contains seven potential RNA methylation sites. The relative expression level and methylation level of TINCR elevated obviously in KFs than in HFs (5.43±0.35 vs. 1.00±0.11, P<0.01; 19.73%±1.56% vs. 10.25%±1.13%, P<0.01), and the protein levels of SND1 and METTL3 in KFs were significantly increased (P<0.01), methylated TINCR could bind both SND1 and METTL3. Compared with empty vector group, overexpression of METTL3 stimulated the mRNA and protein expression of METTL3 (mRNA: 6.03±0.55 vs. 1.09±0.09, P<0.01; protein: 4.33±0.35 vs. 0.96±0.08, P<0.01) and increased the methylation level of TINCR (32.89%±2.88%vs. 19.04%±1.72%, P<0.01) and relative expression level (4.65±0.32 vs. 1.00±0.10, P<0.01). Compared with control group,DAA treatment reduced the stability [(8.50±1.13) h vs. (12.90±1.41) h, P<0.001] and the methylation level (7.43%±0.55% vs.18.88%±1.76%, P<0.01) of TINCR, and inhibited the viability and clonogenic ability of KFs (P<0.01). Compared with control group, SND1 recombinant protein treatment increased the stability of TINCR [(23.95±1.25) h vs. (13.10±1.33) h, P<0.01],cell viability and clonogenic ability (P<0.01), but showed no significant effect on TINCR methylation levels (20.15%±1.74% vs.19.04%±1.77%, P>0.05); DAA treatment may abolish the effect of SND1 recombinant protein on TINCR stability [(12.00±1.21) h vs. (23.95±1.44) h, P<0.01], cell viability and clonogenic ability (P<0.01). Compared with the keloid group, a large number of fibroblasts and collagen fibers existed in the dermal layer of keloid+SND1 recombinant protein group. Furthermore, the percentage of positive SND1 cell and the relative expression level of protein in keloid tissue increased significantly (63.43%±3.32% vs.21.16%±4.67%, P<0.01; 2.54±0.13 vs. 1.00±0.10, P<0.01); However, DAA treatment made large amount of loose fibrous collagen in keloid tissue, and the percentage of positive SND1 cells and the relative expression level of protein decreased significantly(38.52%±6.88% vs. 63.43%±3.32%, P<0.01; 1.07±0.09 vs. 2.54±0.13, P<0.01). Conclusion TINCR is hypermethylated in KFs. SND1 can recognize and bind the methylation sites of TINCR, accelerate the stability of TINCR and promote the growth of TINCR mediated keloid.

, correspAuthors=Yong Song, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail: ;
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目的 探讨葡萄球菌核酸酶结构域蛋白1(SND1)与组织分化诱导非编码RNA(TINCR)的相互作用及其对TINCR表达水平和瘢痕疙瘩生长的影响。方法 收集2016年6月—2018年5月在陕西省人民医院接受治疗的Ⅱ、Ⅲ度烧伤患者的瘢痕疙瘩组织样本(n=27)。运用生物信息学方法预测TINCR序列中的RNA甲基化位点;培养人原代正常皮肤成纤维细胞(HFs)和瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞(KFs),设置HFs组和KFs组。取对数生长期KFs,设置:(1)对照组、空载组及甲基转移酶样蛋白3(METTL3)过表达组;(2)对照组和3-脱氮基腺苷(DAA)组;(3)对照组、SND1重组蛋白组及SND1重组蛋白+DAA组。采用实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测HFs和KFs中TINCR的相对表达水平,甲基化RNA免疫沉淀技术(MeRIP)联合RT-qPCR检测TINCR的甲基化水平,Western blotting检测SND1和METTL3蛋白的相对表达水平,放线菌素D处理联合RT-qPCR检测TINCR残留水平,CCK-8法和克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖能力。取18只BALB/c裸鼠,构建瘢痕疙瘩异种移植模型,随机分为瘢痕疙瘩组、瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组及瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白+DAA组,每组6只,采用HE染色观察瘢痕疙瘩组织生长情况,免疫组化染色和Western blotting检测SND1在瘢痕疙瘩组织中的表达水平。结果 TINCR第三外显子含有7个潜在的RNA甲基化位点。与HFs相比,KFs中TINCR相对表达水平(5.43±0.35 vs. 1.00±0.11,P<0.01)和甲基化水平(19.73%±1.56% vs. 10.25%±1.13%,P<0.01)均明显升高,SND1和METTL3蛋白相对表达水平明显增高(P<0.01),甲基化的TINCR与SND1和METTL3均有结合。与空载组相比,METTL3过表达可促进METTL3 mRNA和蛋白的表达(mRNA:6.03±0.55 vs. 1.09±0.09,P<0.01;蛋白:4.33±0.35 vs. 0.96±0.08,P<0.01)、增高TINCR甲基化水平(32.89%±2.88% vs. 19.04%±1.72%,P<0.01)和相对表达水平(4.65±0.32 vs. 1.00±0.10,P<0.01)。与对照组相比,DAA处理可降低TINCR的稳定性[(8.50±1.13) h vs. (12.90±1.41) h,P<0.001]和甲基化水平(7.43%±0.55% vs. 18.88%±1.76%,P<0.01),抑制KFs的活力和克隆形成能力(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,SND1重组蛋白处理可增加TINCR的稳定性[(23.95±1.25) h vs. (13.10±1.33) h,P<0.01]、细胞活力和克隆形成能力(P<0.01),但对TINCR甲基化水平(20.15%±1.74% vs. 19.04%±1.77%,P>0.05)无明显影响;DAA处理可消除SND1重组蛋白对TINCR稳定性[(12.00±1.21) h vs. (23.95±1.44) h,P<0.01]、细胞活力和克隆形成能力的影响(P<0.01)。与瘢痕疙瘩组相比,瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组真皮层有大量成纤维细胞和胶原纤维,瘢痕疙瘩组织中SND1阳性细胞百分比(63.43%±3.32%vs. 21.16%±4.67%,P<0.01)和蛋白相对表达水平(2.54±0.13 vs. 1.00±0.10,P<0.01)明显增高;而经DAA处理后,瘢痕疙瘩组织中有大量疏松的胶原纤维,SND1阳性细胞百分比(38.52%±6.88% vs. 63.43%±3.32%,P<0.01)和蛋白表达水平(1.07±0.09 vs. 2.54±0.13,P<0.01)明显降低。结论 KFs中TINCR呈高甲基化水平,SND1可识别并结合TINCR的甲基化位点,增强TINCR的稳定性,促进TINCR介导的瘢痕疙瘩生长。

, correspAuthors=宋勇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
宋勇,E-mail:
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秦高平,医学博士,主任医师,主要从事烧伤整形医学美容研究

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秦高平,医学博士,主任医师,主要从事烧伤整形医学美容研究

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秦高平,医学博士,主任医师,主要从事烧伤整形医学美容研究

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Elife, 2019, 24(8): e47261., articleTitle=The Tudor SND1 protein is an m6A RNA reader essential for replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1208791318164279866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208791318172668476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, companyId=1208791318164279866, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208791318181057086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, companyId=1208791318164279866, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1陕西省人民医院烧伤整形医学美容外科,西安 710068)]), AuthorCompany(id=1208791318277526083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208791318285914692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, companyId=1208791318277526083, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1208791318298497607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, companyId=1208791318277526083, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2陕西省人民医院肝胆外科,西安 710068)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1208791323117753120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Prediction of methylation site of TINCR in KFs and detection of TINCR methylation level in HFs and KFs, figureFileSmall=/11uudxEWuHzCrv6fkk0NA==, figureFileBig=C9IXJpZtklW3hgTx2fWq7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791323218416422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=CN, label=图1, caption=KFs中TINCR甲基化位点预测及HFs和KFs中TINCR甲基化水平检测

I. Input,即总蛋白对照;P. Pellet,即甲基化抗体的免疫沉淀物;NC. 非特异性IgG的免疫沉淀物,作为阴性对照;KFs. 瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞;HFs. 人原代正常皮肤成纤维细胞;SND1. 葡萄球菌核酸酶结构域蛋白1;TINCR. 组织分化诱导非编码RNA;METTL3.甲基转移酶样蛋白3;A. SRAMP网站预测TINCR甲基化位点;B. RT-qPCR检测HFs和KFs中TINCR的相对表达水平;C. MeRIP联合RT-qPCR检测HFs和KFs中TINCR的甲基化水平;D. MeRIP联合Western blotting检测SND1和METTL3在甲基化TINCR中的富集情况;E. Western blotting检测HFs和KFs中SND1、METTL3蛋白表达水平;与HFs组比较,(1)P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=/11uudxEWuHzCrv6fkk0NA==, figureFileBig=C9IXJpZtklW3hgTx2fWq7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791323411354415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Effect of METTL3 overexpression on the methylation and relative expression levels of TINCR in KFs, figureFileSmall=OkLFTC7TUY4taj+dCxfu+A==, figureFileBig=PLKTpywzzXfSXLaQGx7AIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791323491046196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=CN, label=图2, caption=KFs中过表达METTL3对TINCR甲基化水平和相对表达水平的影响

KFs. 瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞;TINCR. 组织分化诱导非编码RNA;METTL3. 甲基转移酶样蛋白3;A. RT-qPCR检测METTL3 mRNA的相对表达水平;B. Western blotting检测METTL3蛋白的相对表达水平;C. MeRIP联合RT-qPCR检测KFs中TINCR的甲基化水平;D. RT-qPCR检测TINCR的相对表达水平;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.01;与空载组比较,(2)P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=OkLFTC7TUY4taj+dCxfu+A==, figureFileBig=PLKTpywzzXfSXLaQGx7AIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791323633652536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Effects of DAA treatment on the methylation level of TINCR and the proliferation ability of KFs, figureFileSmall=ktlMNyB2sboM7tzzZYtxvw==, figureFileBig=IdnDUn/gGBRu7tT5yikIuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791324854195003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=CN, label=图3, caption=DAA处理对TINCR甲基化水平和KFs增殖能力的影响

KFs. 瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞;DAA. 3-脱氮基腺苷;TINCR. 组织分化诱导非编码RNA;A. DAA处理24 h后评估TINCR的稳定性;B.DAA处理24 h后CCK-8法检测细胞活力;C. DAA处理24 h后MeRIP检测TINCR甲基化水平;D. DAA处理24 h后克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆形成能力;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.001;与24 h比较,(2)P<0.01;与48 h比较,(3)P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=ktlMNyB2sboM7tzzZYtxvw==, figureFileBig=IdnDUn/gGBRu7tT5yikIuQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791325013578562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Effects of KFs treated with SND1 recombinant protein alone or together with DAA on the TINCR stability and cell proliferation ability, figureFileSmall=v/O/wDnpl3VHhA+fzrziLg==, figureFileBig=jx3ZZFzZU4WB7DkZyBE8mA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791325126824775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=CN, label=图4, caption=SND1重组蛋白单独或与DAA共同处理KFs对TINCR稳定性和细胞增殖能力的影响

SND1. 葡萄球菌核酸酶结构域蛋白1;TINCR. 组织分化诱导非编码RNA;DAA. 3-脱氮基腺苷;A. Western blotting检测SND1蛋白表达水平;B. TINCR的稳定性;C. TINCR甲基化水平;D. 细胞活力;E. 细胞克隆形成能力;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.001;与SND1重组蛋白组比较,(2)P<0.001;与24 h比较,(3)P<0.01;与48 h比较,(4)P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=v/O/wDnpl3VHhA+fzrziLg==, figureFileBig=jx3ZZFzZU4WB7DkZyBE8mA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791325210710861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Effects of SND1 recombinant protein treatment alone or co-treatment with DAA on keloid tissue growth in vivo, figureFileSmall=7QGx4EFJUaPyiWK2mLkTrQ==, figureFileBig=1dqT1LKojKk0g3Eg7OdXlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791325353317202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=CN, label=图5, caption=SND1重组蛋白单独或与DAA共同处理对体内瘢痕疙瘩组织生长的影响

SND1. 葡萄球菌核酸酶结构域蛋白1;DAA. 3-脱氮基腺苷;A. 各组裸鼠瘢痕疙瘩组织生长情况(HE ×40);B. 各组裸鼠瘢痕疙瘩组织中SND1免疫组化染色情况(×400)及SND1阳性细胞百分比比较;C. 各组裸鼠瘢痕疙瘩组织中SND1蛋白相对表达水平比较(Western blotting);与瘢痕疙瘩组比较,(1)P<0.01;与瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组比较,(2)P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=7QGx4EFJUaPyiWK2mLkTrQ==, figureFileBig=1dqT1LKojKk0g3Eg7OdXlg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1208791325458174806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Primer sequence of RT-qPCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列(5'-3')
TINCR正义:TAGATCTCACTCCAGGGTCTG
反义:CAGAGCTGAAAGGCTCAAGG
METTL3正义:AGAGGAGGAGAAGGTGGCAGAG
反义:AGGCTCACTTGCAAGTAAAAGGAAG
GAPDH正义:TGATGACATCAAGAAGGTGG
反义:TTGTCATACCAGGAAATGAGC
), ArticleFig(id=1208791325537866586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1208791314603315666, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

RT-qPCR引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列(5'-3')
TINCR正义:TAGATCTCACTCCAGGGTCTG
反义:CAGAGCTGAAAGGCTCAAGG
METTL3正义:AGAGGAGGAGAAGGTGGCAGAG
反义:AGGCTCACTTGCAAGTAAAAGGAAG
GAPDH正义:TGATGACATCAAGAAGGTGG
反义:TTGTCATACCAGGAAATGAGC
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SND1通过识别TINCR的甲基化位点促进瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的生长
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秦高平 1 , 孙要文 1 , 郭亚东 1 , 李建武 1 , 程亮 1 , 韩峰 1 , 宋勇 2, *
解放军医学杂志 | 论著 2021,46(11): 1068-1076
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解放军医学杂志 | 论著 2021, 46(11): 1068-1076
SND1通过识别TINCR的甲基化位点促进瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的生长
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秦高平1, 孙要文1, 郭亚东1, 李建武1, 程亮1, 韩峰1, 宋勇2, *
作者信息
  • 1陕西省人民医院烧伤整形医学美容外科,西安 710068
  • 2陕西省人民医院肝胆外科,西安 710068
  • 秦高平,医学博士,主任医师,主要从事烧伤整形医学美容研究

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SND1 recognize the methylation sites of TINCR to promote growth of keloid fibroblasts
Gao-Ping Qin1, Yao-Wen Sun1, Ya-Dong Guo1, Jian-Wu Li1, Liang Cheng1, Feng Han1, Yong Song2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
  • 2Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China
出版时间: 2021-11-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.02
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目的 探讨葡萄球菌核酸酶结构域蛋白1(SND1)与组织分化诱导非编码RNA(TINCR)的相互作用及其对TINCR表达水平和瘢痕疙瘩生长的影响。方法 收集2016年6月—2018年5月在陕西省人民医院接受治疗的Ⅱ、Ⅲ度烧伤患者的瘢痕疙瘩组织样本(n=27)。运用生物信息学方法预测TINCR序列中的RNA甲基化位点;培养人原代正常皮肤成纤维细胞(HFs)和瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞(KFs),设置HFs组和KFs组。取对数生长期KFs,设置:(1)对照组、空载组及甲基转移酶样蛋白3(METTL3)过表达组;(2)对照组和3-脱氮基腺苷(DAA)组;(3)对照组、SND1重组蛋白组及SND1重组蛋白+DAA组。采用实时定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测HFs和KFs中TINCR的相对表达水平,甲基化RNA免疫沉淀技术(MeRIP)联合RT-qPCR检测TINCR的甲基化水平,Western blotting检测SND1和METTL3蛋白的相对表达水平,放线菌素D处理联合RT-qPCR检测TINCR残留水平,CCK-8法和克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖能力。取18只BALB/c裸鼠,构建瘢痕疙瘩异种移植模型,随机分为瘢痕疙瘩组、瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组及瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白+DAA组,每组6只,采用HE染色观察瘢痕疙瘩组织生长情况,免疫组化染色和Western blotting检测SND1在瘢痕疙瘩组织中的表达水平。结果 TINCR第三外显子含有7个潜在的RNA甲基化位点。与HFs相比,KFs中TINCR相对表达水平(5.43±0.35 vs. 1.00±0.11,P<0.01)和甲基化水平(19.73%±1.56% vs. 10.25%±1.13%,P<0.01)均明显升高,SND1和METTL3蛋白相对表达水平明显增高(P<0.01),甲基化的TINCR与SND1和METTL3均有结合。与空载组相比,METTL3过表达可促进METTL3 mRNA和蛋白的表达(mRNA:6.03±0.55 vs. 1.09±0.09,P<0.01;蛋白:4.33±0.35 vs. 0.96±0.08,P<0.01)、增高TINCR甲基化水平(32.89%±2.88% vs. 19.04%±1.72%,P<0.01)和相对表达水平(4.65±0.32 vs. 1.00±0.10,P<0.01)。与对照组相比,DAA处理可降低TINCR的稳定性[(8.50±1.13) h vs. (12.90±1.41) h,P<0.001]和甲基化水平(7.43%±0.55% vs. 18.88%±1.76%,P<0.01),抑制KFs的活力和克隆形成能力(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,SND1重组蛋白处理可增加TINCR的稳定性[(23.95±1.25) h vs. (13.10±1.33) h,P<0.01]、细胞活力和克隆形成能力(P<0.01),但对TINCR甲基化水平(20.15%±1.74% vs. 19.04%±1.77%,P>0.05)无明显影响;DAA处理可消除SND1重组蛋白对TINCR稳定性[(12.00±1.21) h vs. (23.95±1.44) h,P<0.01]、细胞活力和克隆形成能力的影响(P<0.01)。与瘢痕疙瘩组相比,瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组真皮层有大量成纤维细胞和胶原纤维,瘢痕疙瘩组织中SND1阳性细胞百分比(63.43%±3.32%vs. 21.16%±4.67%,P<0.01)和蛋白相对表达水平(2.54±0.13 vs. 1.00±0.10,P<0.01)明显增高;而经DAA处理后,瘢痕疙瘩组织中有大量疏松的胶原纤维,SND1阳性细胞百分比(38.52%±6.88% vs. 63.43%±3.32%,P<0.01)和蛋白表达水平(1.07±0.09 vs. 2.54±0.13,P<0.01)明显降低。结论 KFs中TINCR呈高甲基化水平,SND1可识别并结合TINCR的甲基化位点,增强TINCR的稳定性,促进TINCR介导的瘢痕疙瘩生长。

组织分化诱导非编码RNA  /  葡萄球菌核酸酶结构域蛋白1  /  RNA甲基化  /  RNA稳定性  /  细胞增殖  /  成纤维细胞  /  瘢痕疙瘩

Objective To investigate the interaction between staphylococcal nuclease domain containing protein 1 (SND1)and tissue differentiation-inducing non-coding RNA (TINCR), and the effect of SND1 on TINCR expression level and keloid growth. Methods Keloid tissue samples (n=27) were collected from patients with Ⅱ- or Ⅲ-degree burns who received treatment in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital from June 2016 to May 2018. Bioinformatics methods were used to predict RNA methylation sites in TINCR sequences; human primary normal skin fibroblasts (HFs) and keloid fibroblasts (KFs) were cultured and divided into HFs group and KFs group. KFs in logarithmic growth phase were taken, and divided into: (1) control group, empty vector group and methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3) overexpression group, (2) control group and 3-deazaadenosine (DAA) group, and(3) control group, SND1 recombinant proteome group and SND1 proteome+DAA group. The relative expression level of TINCR in HFs and KFs was determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR); methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) followed by RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the methylation levels of TINCR; Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression levels of SND1 and METTL3 protein; the half-life of TINCR was determined by actinomycin D treatment combined with RT-qPCR,and the cell proliferation capacity was assessed with CCK-8 and clone assays. A keloid xenograft model was generated with 18 BALB/c nude mice, and then randomly divided into three groups (6 mice in each group): keloid group, keloid+SND1 recombinant protein group, and keloid+SND1 recombinant protein+DAA group. Keloid tissue growth was observed by HE staining; the expression level of SND1 in keloid tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry staining and Western blotting. Results The third exon of TINCR contains seven potential RNA methylation sites. The relative expression level and methylation level of TINCR elevated obviously in KFs than in HFs (5.43±0.35 vs. 1.00±0.11, P<0.01; 19.73%±1.56% vs. 10.25%±1.13%, P<0.01), and the protein levels of SND1 and METTL3 in KFs were significantly increased (P<0.01), methylated TINCR could bind both SND1 and METTL3. Compared with empty vector group, overexpression of METTL3 stimulated the mRNA and protein expression of METTL3 (mRNA: 6.03±0.55 vs. 1.09±0.09, P<0.01; protein: 4.33±0.35 vs. 0.96±0.08, P<0.01) and increased the methylation level of TINCR (32.89%±2.88%vs. 19.04%±1.72%, P<0.01) and relative expression level (4.65±0.32 vs. 1.00±0.10, P<0.01). Compared with control group,DAA treatment reduced the stability [(8.50±1.13) h vs. (12.90±1.41) h, P<0.001] and the methylation level (7.43%±0.55% vs.18.88%±1.76%, P<0.01) of TINCR, and inhibited the viability and clonogenic ability of KFs (P<0.01). Compared with control group, SND1 recombinant protein treatment increased the stability of TINCR [(23.95±1.25) h vs. (13.10±1.33) h, P<0.01],cell viability and clonogenic ability (P<0.01), but showed no significant effect on TINCR methylation levels (20.15%±1.74% vs.19.04%±1.77%, P>0.05); DAA treatment may abolish the effect of SND1 recombinant protein on TINCR stability [(12.00±1.21) h vs. (23.95±1.44) h, P<0.01], cell viability and clonogenic ability (P<0.01). Compared with the keloid group, a large number of fibroblasts and collagen fibers existed in the dermal layer of keloid+SND1 recombinant protein group. Furthermore, the percentage of positive SND1 cell and the relative expression level of protein in keloid tissue increased significantly (63.43%±3.32% vs.21.16%±4.67%, P<0.01; 2.54±0.13 vs. 1.00±0.10, P<0.01); However, DAA treatment made large amount of loose fibrous collagen in keloid tissue, and the percentage of positive SND1 cells and the relative expression level of protein decreased significantly(38.52%±6.88% vs. 63.43%±3.32%, P<0.01; 1.07±0.09 vs. 2.54±0.13, P<0.01). Conclusion TINCR is hypermethylated in KFs. SND1 can recognize and bind the methylation sites of TINCR, accelerate the stability of TINCR and promote the growth of TINCR mediated keloid.

tissue differentiation inducing non-coding RNA  /  staphylococcal nuclease domain protein 1  /  RNA methylation  /  RNA stability  /  cell proliferation  /  fibroblasts  /  keloid
秦高平, 孙要文, 郭亚东, 李建武, 程亮, 韩峰, 宋勇. SND1通过识别TINCR的甲基化位点促进瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的生长. 解放军医学杂志, 2021 , 46 (11) : 1068 -1076 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.02
Gao-Ping Qin, Yao-Wen Sun, Ya-Dong Guo, Jian-Wu Li, Liang Cheng, Feng Han, Yong Song. SND1 recognize the methylation sites of TINCR to promote growth of keloid fibroblasts[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2021 , 46 (11) : 1068 -1076 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.02
瘢痕疙瘩是皮肤损伤愈合后形成的、持续生长的、质地硬韧的异常瘢痕组织。瘢痕疙瘩难以根治且容易复发,主要原因为瘢痕疙瘩组织中的瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞(keloid fibroblasts,KFs)具有持续性侵袭生长的特性。体外研究发现,正常皮肤成纤维细胞(normal skin fibroblasts,NSFs)相互接触后会发生接触抑制现象[1],而KFs接触后仍可继续增殖,提示瘢痕疙瘩侵袭生长的特性可能与KFs的接触性抑制失调有关[2-3]。组织分化诱导非编码RNA(tissue differentiation-inducing non-protein coding RNA,TINCR)是上皮组织、结缔组织细胞分化的重要调节因子[4-6]。本团队前期研究发现,TINCR在烧伤瘢痕来源的KFs中明显上调,可促进KFs的增殖、集落形成(也称克隆形成)和炎性因子分泌,在此过程中,TINCR与葡萄球菌核酸酶结构域包含蛋白1(staphylococcal nuclease domain containing-1,SND1)存在相互作用[7]。然而,SND1与TINCR的相互作用及其对TINCR表达的调节机制尚不清楚。本研究通过体外培养KFs继续深入探讨SND1与TINCR的相互作用,并通过构建裸鼠瘢痕疙瘩异种移植模型验证SND1对瘢痕疙瘩的作用,以期为瘢痕疙瘩的临床治疗提供新思路。
胎牛血清、DMEM和Eagle培养基购自美国Gibco公司;3-脱氮基腺苷(3-deoxyadenosine,DAA)和人SND1重组蛋白购自北京义翘神州科技股份有限公司;RNA提取试剂Trizol和LipofectamineTM 3000转染试剂购自美国Invitrogen公司;Magna-MeRIP试剂盒购自北京艾德科技有限公司;CpGenome-DNA修饰试剂盒购自美国Chemicon公司;放线菌素D、3,3-二氨基联苯胺购自美国Sigma公司;CCK-8细胞活力检测试剂盒购自日本Dojindo公司;兔单克隆抗METTL3抗体(ab195352)、兔多克隆抗SND1抗体(ab65078)、兔多克隆抗GAPDH抗体(ab9485)和HRP标记的山羊抗兔IgG(ab97051)购自英国Abcam公司;吉姆萨染液购自青岛海博生物科技有限公司;甲基转移酶样蛋白3(methyltransferase-like 3,METTL3)腺病毒过表达载体由南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司构建并进行有效性验证。Herocell-180细胞培养孵育箱、Multiskan Sky全波长酶标仪、E-Gel Imager凝胶成像仪和实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)仪购自美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司;超净工作台和低速离心机购自北京六一仪器厂;倒置相差显微镜购自日本Olympus公司;超低温冰箱购自日本SANYO公司。
瘢痕疙瘩组织取自2016年6月—2018年5月陕西省人民医院收治的27例Ⅱ度或Ⅲ度烧伤患者。排除严重烧伤并发症、合并全身炎症性疾病或病史、长期摄入激素或药物成瘾、合并恶性肿瘤及接受放化疗的患者。其中男15例,女12例,年龄(33.2±6.6)岁,均为亚洲人种,于烧伤发生后24 h入院。原代正常皮肤组织来源于同期于该院接受整形手术的10名受试者的正常皮肤,其中男2名,女8名,年龄(25.8±3.4)岁,均为亚洲人种。本研究获得陕西省人民医院医学伦理委员会批准(SXSRMYY-2019096),研究对象均签署知情同意书。
人原代正常皮肤成纤维细胞(human normal fi broblasts,HFs)和瘢痕疙瘩KFs由陕西省人民医院中心实验室从正常皮肤组织和瘢痕疙瘩组织中分离。
登录SRAMP网站(https://www.cuilab.cn/sramp),输入TINCR转录本序列(fasta格式),获取TINCR序列中的N6-甲基腺苷(N6-methyladenosine,m6A)甲基化修饰位点。
将正常皮肤组织和瘢痕疙瘩组织切块,用磷酸盐缓冲盐水洗涤,刮去表皮,将真皮移植到培养板上,加入培养基于37 ℃、5% CO2条件下培养。当融合度达到90%时,用0.05%胰蛋白酶、0.04%乙二胺四乙酸溶液消化40 min,分离的细胞在Dulbecco改良的Eagle培养基中培养传代,取第3~8代细胞用于后续实验。
取对数生长期HFs和KFs,设置HFs组和KFs组;另取对数生长期KFs,设置对照组、空载组及METTL3过表达组。空载组和METTL3过表达组分别用脂质体3000转染试剂转染1 μg/ml腺病毒空载体和1 μg/ml METTL3腺病毒过表达载体,对照组加入等体积无菌双蒸水。48 h后使用Trizol试剂提取总RNA,测定总浓度。以RNA为模板,使用反转录试剂盒反转录成cDNA,使用RT-qPCR试剂盒检测RNA丰度(25 μl反应体系)。反应条件:95 ℃预变性3 min;94 ℃变性15 s,55 ℃退火25 s,72 ℃延伸15 s,共35个循环。以GAPDH为内参,采用2-ΔΔCt法计算TINCR和METTL3 mRNA的相对表达量。实验重复3次。引物序列如表1所示。
取对数生长期HFs和KFs,设置HFs组和KFs组;另取对数生长期KFs,设置:(1)对照组、空载组及METTL3过表达组;(2)对照组及DAA组;(3)对照组、SND1重组蛋白组及SND1重组蛋白+DAA组。空载组和METTL3过表达组分别用脂质体3000转染试剂转染1 μg/ml腺病毒空载体和1 μg/ml METTL3腺病毒过表达载体,DAA组用3 μmol/L DAA处理,SND1重组蛋白组用2 μg/ml SND1重组蛋白处理,SND1重组蛋白+DAA组用2 μg/ml SND1重组蛋白和3 μmol/L DAA同时处理,对照组用3 μmol/L DMSO处理。根据Magna-MeRIP试剂盒说明书步骤提取各组DNA。提取的DNA加入5.5 μl 3 mol/L NaOH,37 ℃变性10 min,加入20 μl 10 mmol/L对苯二酚、520 μl 40.5%亚硫酸氢钠和200 μl矿物油。修饰后的DNA经wizard-DNA柱纯化。用CpGenome-DNA修饰试剂盒进行RT-qPCR反应。扩增产物经电泳成像,使用凝胶成像仪分析。
取对数生长期HFs和KFs,设置HFs组和KFs组。另取对数生长期的KFs,设置:(1)对照组、空载组及METTL3过表达组;(2)对照组、SND1重组蛋白组及SND1重组蛋白+DAA组。空载组和METTL3过表达组分别用脂质体3000转染试剂转染1 μg/ml腺病毒空载体和1 μg/ml METTL3腺病毒过表达载体,SND1重组蛋白组用2 μg/ml SND1重组蛋白处理,SND1重组蛋白+DAA组用2 μg/ml SND1重组蛋白和3 μmol/L DAA同时处理,对照组用3 μmol/L DMSO处理。使用RIPA裂解液裂解各组细胞并提取总蛋白,用BCA试剂盒测定总蛋白浓度。将等量的蛋白质(20 μg)在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上分离,并转移至PVDF膜上,37 ℃下5%脱脂奶粉室温封闭2 h;分别加入兔抗鼠METTL3(1:1000)和SND1(1:1000)抗体4 ℃孵育过夜;TBST洗膜,加入HRP标记的山羊抗兔二抗(1:1000)孵育1 h,采用E-Gel Imager凝胶成像仪的Image LabTM软件分析蛋白条带灰度,计算目标蛋白的相对表达量。
将KFs以104个/ml密度接种于96孔板,每孔接种100 μl,设置:(1)对照组及DAA组;(2)对照组、SND1重组蛋白组及SND1重组蛋白+DAA组。DAA组用3 μmol/L DAA处理,SND1重组蛋白组用2 μg/ml SND1重组蛋白处理,SND1重组蛋白+DAA组用2 μg/ml SND1重组蛋白和3 μmol/L DAA同时处理,对照组用3 μmol/L DMSO处理。处理0、24、48和72 h后分别向每孔中加入10 μl CCK-8试剂,继续培养2 h,采用酶标仪检测450 nm处各孔的光密度(OD)值。实验重复3次,取平均值。
取对数生长期KFs,分组及处理方法同1.2.7。将KFs制备成细胞悬液,按梯度倍数稀释后分别接种于皿中培养3周,期间按时更换和补充培养基,培养结束后弃上清,以4%多聚甲醛溶液固定细胞15 min,吉姆萨染液染色30 min,计数细胞克隆形成数目。
取对数生长期的KFs,分组及处理方法同1.2.7。使用5 μg/ml放线菌素D处理各组细胞,在0、4、8、12、16、20和24 h分别提取各组细胞总RNA,采用RT-qPCR检测TINCR水平,绘制TINCR残留水平曲线。
取18只BALB/c裸鼠,6周龄,体重(18.64±1.17) g,购自西安交通大学实验动物中心[实验动物生产许可证号:SYXK(陕)2020-001],于西安交通大学实验动物中心SPF级动物饲养房饲养[实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(陕)2020-005]。经诱导吸入2%异氟醚麻醉后,在肩胛骨区域做5 mm切口,将来自烧伤患者的瘢痕疙瘩组织以5 mm×4 mm×3 mm大小植入皮下,然后用6-0 pds可吸收线缝合皮肤。12 d后,将裸鼠随机分为瘢痕疙瘩组、瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组及瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白+DAA组,每组6只。瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组每天尾静脉注射2.5 μg SND1重组蛋白,瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白+DAA组每天尾静脉注射2.5 μg SND1重组蛋白和5 mg/kg DAA,瘢痕疙瘩组每天尾静脉注射5 mg/kg DMSO溶剂,连续5 d。20 d后以颈椎脱位法处死,采集瘢痕疙瘩组织进行组织学评估。所有手术均在麻醉诱导成功后于无菌条件下进行,手术方案均经陕西省人民医院动物关爱和福利委员会批准(SXPPH-2018-77),实验过程符合国家和单位有关实验动物的管理和使用规定。
取三组裸鼠瘢痕疙瘩组织,于4 ℃下用4%多聚甲醛溶液固定过夜,石蜡包埋,切片后用二甲苯清洗并在室温下行HE染色,光学显微镜下观察瘢痕疙瘩组织生长情况。
采用链霉亲和素-生物素-过氧化物酶复合程序,瘢痕疙瘩组织切片用二甲苯和不同浓度的乙醇进行脱蜡复水,在3%过氧化氢溶液中保存20 min;加入小鼠抗SND1单克隆抗体(GeneTex GTX71945,1:100)和生物素化的山羊抗小鼠二抗(ScyTek UHP 125,1:1000)分别孵育20 min;用3,3-二氨基联苯胺进行显色。每组随机选取5个视野,用ImageJ软件计算SND1阳性细胞百分比,取平均值。
取三组裸鼠瘢痕疙瘩组织,其余处理步骤同1.2.6。
采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。实验数据以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
SRAMP网站预测结果显示,TINCR第三外显子(E3)中存在7个高度可能的RNA甲基化位点,各位点序列与位置如图1A所示。RT-qPCR检测结果显示,KFs组TINCR相对表达水平明显高于HFs组(5.43±0.35 vs.1.00±0.11,P<0.01,图1B)。MeRIP联合RT-qPCR检测结果显示,KFs组TINCR甲基化水平明显高于HFs组(19.73%±1.56% vs. 10.25%±1.13%,P<0.01,图1C)。Western blotting检测结果显示,KFs组与TINCR互作的SND1蛋白(本团队前期研究证实)和RNA甲基化酶METTL3蛋白相对表达水平明显高于HFs组(P<0.01,图1E)。MeRIP联合Western blotting检测结果显示,SND1和METTL3与甲基化的TINCR序列具有较高的亲和性(图1D)。
RT-qPCR和Western blotting检测结果显示,METTL3过表达组METTL3 mRNA和蛋白相对表达水平明显高于对照组(mRNA:6.03±0.55 vs. 1.00±0.10,P<0.01;蛋白:4.33±0.35 vs.1.00±0.09,P<0.01)和空载组(mRNA:6.03±0.55 vs. 1.09±0.09,P<0.01;蛋白:4.33±0.35 vs.0.96±0.08,P<0.01;图2A、B)。MeRIP联合RT-qPCR检测结果显示,过表达METTL3后,KFs中TINCR的甲基化水平和相对表达水平明显高于对照组(甲基化水平:32.89%±2.88%vs. 19.04%±1.72%,P<0.01;相对表达水平:4.65±0.32 vs. 1.00±0.10,P<0.01)和空载组(甲基化水平:32.89%±2.88% vs. 18.16%±1.64%,P<0.01;相对表达水平:4.65±0.32 vs. 1.06±0.11,P<0.01;图2C、D)。
与对照组相比,甲基化酶抑制剂DAA处理KFs后TINCR的稳定性明显下降,半衰期明显缩短[(8.50±1.13) h vs. (12.90±1.41) h,P<0.001,图3A]。DAA处理后TINCR的甲基化水平明显低于对照组(7.43%±0.55% vs. 18.88%±1.76%,P<0.01,图3C)。此外,DAA组KFs的活力和克隆形成能力明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义[KFs活力:48 h,0.78±0.07 vs. 0.98±0.08;72 h:1.11±0.10 vs. 1.46±0.12;克隆形成能力:(43.00±5.50)个 vs. (109.00±6.80)个,P<0.01,图3B、D]。
与对照组相比,使用SND1重组蛋白孵育KFs后,细胞中SND1蛋白相对表达水平明显增高(3.65±0.17 vs.1.00±0.09,P<0.01,图4A),使用DAA处理后SND1蛋白相对表达水平有一定程度下降(1.87±0.12 vs. 3.65±0.17,P<0.01,图4A)。SND1重组蛋白组半衰期明显长于对照组[(23.95±1.25) h vs.(13.10±1.33) h,P<0.01,图4B],但两组TINCR甲基化水平差异无统计学意义(20.15%±1.74%vs. 19.04%±1.77%,P>0.05,图4C);DAA处理可抵消SND1重组蛋白对TINCR半衰期的延长作用[(12.00±1.21) h vs. (23.95±1.44) h,P<0.01,图4D];SND1重组蛋白+DAA组TINCR甲基化水平明显低于SND1重组蛋白组(7.89%±0.88%vs. 20.15%±1.74%,P<0.01,图4C)。SND1重组蛋白组细胞活力和克隆形成能力明显高于对照组[细胞活力:48 h,1.19±0.09 vs. 0.99±0.08;72 h,1.81±0.14 vs. 1.48±0.12;克隆形成能力:(297.00±17.90)个 vs. (123.00±11.20)个,P<0.01,图4D、E]。SND1重组蛋白+DAA组KFs活力(48 h:0.97±0.08;72 h:1.44±0.10)和克隆形成能力[(105.00±15.60)个]明显低于SND1重组蛋白组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,图4D、E)。
HE染色结果显示,瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组真皮层有大量成纤维细胞和胶原纤维,而瘢痕疙瘩组和瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白+DAA组呈现疏松的胶原纤维(图5A)。
免疫组化检测结果显示,瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组SND1阳性细胞百分比高于瘢痕疙瘩组(63.43%±3.32% vs. 21.16%±4.67%,P<0.01),而瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白+DAA组SND1阳性细胞百分比低于瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组(38.52%±6.88%vs. 63.43%±3.32%,P<0.01,图5B),且免疫组化染色结果显示SND1主要集中在细胞核中。
Western blotting检测结果显示,瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组SND1蛋白相对表达水平明显高于瘢痕疙瘩组(2.54±0.13 vs. 1.00±0.10,P<0.01),瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白+DAA组SND1蛋白相对表达水平低于瘢痕疙瘩+SND1重组蛋白组(1.07±0.09 vs. 2.54±0.13,P<0.01,图5C)。
TINCR基因位于人19号染色体上,其转录产物为基因间的长链非编码RNA(lncRNA),在多种实体肿瘤组织中表达上调,并在癌细胞的增殖和侵袭中发挥重要调节作用[8]。瘢痕疙瘩与肿瘤有一定的类似之处,特别是瘢痕疙瘩中的成纤维细胞具有接触抑制消失、无限增殖和侵袭生长的特性。本团队前期研究探讨了TINCR对皮肤成纤维细胞功能的影响,基因过表达和干扰实验结果显示,TINCR可促进皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖、集落形成和炎性因子分泌,即在瘢痕疙瘩形成过程中发挥促进作用[7]。本研究发现,与正常HFs相比,KFs中TINCR相对表达水平明显升高,提示TINCR可能在瘢痕疙瘩的形成和生长过程中发挥促进作用。用DAA处理KFs后,TINCR的稳定性和甲基化水平明显降低;KFs活力下降,集落形成能力被抑制;与单独DAA处理相比,DAA和SND1重组蛋白同时处理可明显增加TINCR的稳定性,增强KFs的活力和集落形成能力。由此可见,TINCR的稳定性对于KFs的异常增殖能力有重要影响。
RNA甲基化是RNA转录本的5'端Cap及3'端ployA之外的重要修饰类型,用于维持RNA稳定性或调节RNA剪接、转运,其中m6A修饰是最常见的RNA甲基化修饰类型[9]。RNA序列中m6A水平的改变与多种重大疾病的发生发展密切相关,包括肿瘤、神经退行性疾病、胚胎发育异常及组织纤维化等[10]。最近研究发现,RNA的m6A修饰与皮肤细胞的分化和衰老有关[11-12],但具体作用机制尚不清楚,而瘢痕疙瘩形成和生长过程中m6A修饰发挥的作用尚未见报道。本团队前期研究发现,SND1蛋白与TINCR在烧伤后的皮肤组织中表达同时上调,二者均能促进皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖和侵袭,值得注意的是,在此过程中SND1可促进TINCR的表达,但具体原因尚不清楚[7]
根据功能不同可将调节m6A修饰的酶分为3类:(1)甲基化酶(writer),主要用于RNA序列中m6A的形成;(2)甲基化位点识别酶(reader),主要功能是识别并结合RNA序列中的m6A位点,影响RNA的稳定性、可变剪接和转运等;(3)去甲基化酶(eraser),即消除RNA序列中m6A修饰的酶[13]。METTL3是最常见的writer,常作为多种疾病诊断的生物标志物[14]。本研究中,与正常HFs相比,高表达TINCR的KFs中METTL3的表达水平明显升高,且过表达METTL3可明显增高TINCR甲基化水平。此外,在TINCR甲基化调节过程中,SND1扮演着重要角色,SND1重组蛋白处理可使KFs中TINCR的稳定性增加但不影响其甲基化水平,提示在TINCR甲基化调节过程中SND1发挥reader的作用。最近Meng等[15]和Baquero-Perez等[16]发现,SND1可识别m6A甲基化位点并调节多个RNA分子的稳定性。本研究发现,SND1和METTL3与甲基化的TINCR均具有较强的结合能力,而且采用SND1重组蛋白处理KFs后,TINCR的稳定性明显增加,而以甲基化抑制剂DAA处理可消除SND1重组蛋白对TINCR稳定性的促进作用。由此可见,SND1可识别甲基化的TINCR并能促进TINCR的稳定。
综上所述,本研究发现,KFs中TINCR呈高甲基化水平,SND1可识别并结合TINCR的甲基化位点,增强TINCR的稳定性,促进TINCR介导的KFs细胞生长。
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2021年第46卷第11期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2021.11.02
  • 接收时间:2021-04-04
  • 首发时间:2025-12-19
  • 出版时间:2021-11-28
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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-04
  • 修回日期:2021-09-17
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    1陕西省人民医院烧伤整形医学美容外科,西安 710068
    2陕西省人民医院肝胆外科,西安 710068

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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