Article(id=1207433494079312729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1207433493215289544, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.08.0789, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1626192000000, receivedDateStr=2021-07-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1642435200000, acceptedDateStr=2022-01-18, onlineDate=1765804178018, onlineDateStr=2025-12-15, pubDate=1661616000000, pubDateStr=2022-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765804178018, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765804178018, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765804178018, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1207433493215289544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2022', volume='47', issue='8', pageStart='745', pageEnd='850', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1765804177811, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765804292764, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1207433975413444883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1207433493215289544, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1207433975413444884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1207433493215289544, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=789, endPage=794, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1207433494486160220, articleId=1207433494079312729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effect of Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus on ovalbumin sensitized mouse asthma and its mechanism, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To study the effect of Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus on ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized asthmatic mice and its mechanism. Methods We set up the study including a blank control group, OVA model group (intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 mg OVA to induce sensitization), dexamethasone group (after successful modeling, intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 mg/kg dexamethasone), and Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus low, medium and high dose groups (after successful modeling, gavage 7.0 mg/kg,14.0 mg/kg, 21.0 mg/kg Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus), once a day for 4 weeks, with 10 mice in each group (total=60 BALB/c mice).After drug administration, we measured the amount of phenol red excretion in the airway and collected the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) to determine the content of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the number of inflammatory cells. We also took the blood samples through eyeballs followed by quantifying the concentration of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-4(IL-4), IL-13, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) using ELISA. We further collected the lung tissues and detected the mRNA and protein expressions of Janus kinase 3 (JAK3), signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6),and IL-4 by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results Compared with the blank control group, the level of phenol red in the airway of the OVA model group reduced significantly, the content of BDNF as well as the number of inflammatory cells in BALF increased significantly, the contents of IgE, IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α in serum were significantly elevated, the concentration of IFN-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio decreased significantly, the relative expression levels of JAK3, STAT6, IL-4 mRNA and p-JAK3/JAK3, p-STAT6/STAT6, and IL-4 protein in lung tissue increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the OVA model group, the above indexes were all significantly improved in each dose of the Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus groups, and the high Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus dose group had the best index (P<0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus regulating airway and lung inflammation in asthmatic mice may be related to inhibiting the activation of JAK3/STAT6 signal pathway.

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目的 探讨川贝母对卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏哮喘小鼠的作用及其可能机制。方法 60只BALB/c小鼠随机分为空白对照组、OVA模型组(腹腔注射0.2 mg OVA致敏)、地塞米松组(建模成功后腹腔注射0.5 mg/kg地塞米松)及川贝母低、中、高剂量组(建模成功后灌胃7.0 mg/kg、14.0 mg/kg、21.0 mg/kg川贝母),每组10只,每天给药1次,连续给药4周。给药结束后,测定各组小鼠气道酚红排泄量;采集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF),测定脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)含量及炎性细胞数量;眼球采血,采用ELISA法检测血清中免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、IL-13、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的浓度;收集肺组织,采用RT-qPCR和Western blotting检测Janus激酶3(JAK3)、信号转导和转录激活子6(STAT6)、IL-4 mRNA和蛋白表达量。结果 与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠气道酚红排泄量明显降低,BALF中BDNF含量及炎性细胞数量明显增加,血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13、TNF-α浓度明显升高,IFN-γ浓度及IFN-γ/IL-4比值明显降低,肺组织中JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA及p-JAK3/JAK3、p-STAT6/STAT6、IL-4蛋白相对表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与OVA模型组比较,各剂量川贝母组上述指标均明显改善,且高剂量组改善效果最佳(P<0.05)。结论 川贝母调节哮喘小鼠气道和肺组织炎症的作用机制可能与抑制JAK3/STAT6信号通路激活有关。

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侯从岭,硕士研究生,主要从事中医药防治呼吸系统疾病方面的研究

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侯从岭,硕士研究生,主要从事中医药防治呼吸系统疾病方面的研究

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侯从岭,硕士研究生,主要从事中医药防治呼吸系统疾病方面的研究

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JAK3. Janus激酶3;STAT6. 信号转导和转录激活子6;IL-4. 白细胞介素-4;OVA. 卵清蛋白;A. RT-qPCR检测JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA相对表达水平;B. Western blotting检测p-JAK3、JAK3、p-STAT6、STAT6和IL-4蛋白相对表达水平;与空白对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与OVA模型组比较,(2)P<0.05;与地塞米松组比较,(3)P<0.05;与川贝母低剂量组比较,(4)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=S9csBXqriymsCFwlM3tIOQ==, figureFileBig=YcAJGC0J+fOjg3Y5KM3lGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207433499741622283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207433494079312729, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Comparison of the Fritillaria cirrhosa on airway phenol red excretion, BDNF and inflammatory cells in BALF in mice among groups ($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

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组别酚红排泄量(mg/kg)BDNF(ng/ml)炎性细胞总数(×104/ml)嗜酸性细胞数(×102/ml)中性粒细胞数(×104/ml)淋巴细胞数(×104/ml)
空白对照组2.01±0.011.02±0.0157.00±1.161.02±0.583.50±0.214.52±0.21
OVA模型组0.47±0.02(1)2.74±0.03(1)125.67±2.60(1)66.12±1.55(1)12.81±0.17(1)15.47±0.20(1)
地塞米松组2.07±0.02(2)1.21±0.04(2)87.01±2.31(2)35.18±1.16(2)4.80±0.23(2)8.47±0.18(2)
川贝母低剂量组1.53±0.03(1)(2)(3)2.01±0.05(1)(2)(3)109.33±3.48(1)(2)(3)58.67±0.88(1)(2)(3)10.37±0.23(1)(2)(3)12.37±0.23(1)(2)(3)
川贝母中剂量组1.77±0.03(1)(2)(3)1.79±0.03(1)(2)(3)(4)97.33±1.76(1)(2)(3)45.66±2.03(1)(2)(3)(4)6.97±0.20(1)(2)(3)(4)9.82±0.07(1)(2)(3)(4)
川贝母高剂量组2.06±0.02(2)(4)1.30±0.04(2)(4)86.03±2.11(1)(2)(4)31.67±1.20(1)(2)(4)5.53±0.15(2)(4)8.36±0.05(1)(2)(4)
), ArticleFig(id=1207433499842285585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207433494079312729, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组小鼠气道酚红排泄量、BALF中BDNF含量及炎性细胞数量比较($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别酚红排泄量(mg/kg)BDNF(ng/ml)炎性细胞总数(×104/ml)嗜酸性细胞数(×102/ml)中性粒细胞数(×104/ml)淋巴细胞数(×104/ml)
空白对照组2.01±0.011.02±0.0157.00±1.161.02±0.583.50±0.214.52±0.21
OVA模型组0.47±0.02(1)2.74±0.03(1)125.67±2.60(1)66.12±1.55(1)12.81±0.17(1)15.47±0.20(1)
地塞米松组2.07±0.02(2)1.21±0.04(2)87.01±2.31(2)35.18±1.16(2)4.80±0.23(2)8.47±0.18(2)
川贝母低剂量组1.53±0.03(1)(2)(3)2.01±0.05(1)(2)(3)109.33±3.48(1)(2)(3)58.67±0.88(1)(2)(3)10.37±0.23(1)(2)(3)12.37±0.23(1)(2)(3)
川贝母中剂量组1.77±0.03(1)(2)(3)1.79±0.03(1)(2)(3)(4)97.33±1.76(1)(2)(3)45.66±2.03(1)(2)(3)(4)6.97±0.20(1)(2)(3)(4)9.82±0.07(1)(2)(3)(4)
川贝母高剂量组2.06±0.02(2)(4)1.30±0.04(2)(4)86.03±2.11(1)(2)(4)31.67±1.20(1)(2)(4)5.53±0.15(2)(4)8.36±0.05(1)(2)(4)
), ArticleFig(id=1207433499917783061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207433494079312729, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Comparison of the serum levels of IgE, IL-4, IL-13, TNF-α and INF-γ of mice among groups ($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

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组别IgE(ng/ml)IL-4(ng/ml)IL-13(ng/ml)TNF-α(pg/ml)IFN-γ(pg/ml)INF-γ/IL-4
空白对照组21.50±0.7464.47±0.698.17±0.35622.67±6.062032.67±16.7031.54±0.41
OVA模型组184.93±2.63(1)115.80±1.91(1)26.47±0.38(1)724.18±8.39(1)1614.33±12.73(1)13.95±0.34(1)
地塞米松组41.80±1.03(2)71.82±1.71(2)14.13±0.66(2)625.33±3.71(2)2066.67±19.34(2)24.30±0.65(2)
川贝母低剂量组125.37±1.32(1)(2)(3)96.23±1.07(1)(2)(3)22.45±0.54(1)(2)(3)688.15±2.08(1)(2)(3)1803.12±24.30(1)(2)(3)18.74±0.20(1)(2)(3)
川贝母中剂量组83.82±1.67(1)(2)(3)(4)89.63±1.35(1)(2)(3)(4)18.13±0.27(1)(2)(3)(4)668.33±4.63(1)(2)(3)1885.33±21.49(1)(2)(3)(4)21.04±0.30(1)(2)(3)(4)
川贝母高剂量组43.70±0.89(2)(4)74.72±0.96(2)(4)14.37±0.63(2)(4)634.33±4.10(2)(4)2055.00±12.70(2)(4)24.27±0.41(2)(4)
), ArticleFig(id=1207433500039417883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207433494079312729, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组小鼠血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13、TNF-α、INF-γ浓度比较($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

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组别IgE(ng/ml)IL-4(ng/ml)IL-13(ng/ml)TNF-α(pg/ml)IFN-γ(pg/ml)INF-γ/IL-4
空白对照组21.50±0.7464.47±0.698.17±0.35622.67±6.062032.67±16.7031.54±0.41
OVA模型组184.93±2.63(1)115.80±1.91(1)26.47±0.38(1)724.18±8.39(1)1614.33±12.73(1)13.95±0.34(1)
地塞米松组41.80±1.03(2)71.82±1.71(2)14.13±0.66(2)625.33±3.71(2)2066.67±19.34(2)24.30±0.65(2)
川贝母低剂量组125.37±1.32(1)(2)(3)96.23±1.07(1)(2)(3)22.45±0.54(1)(2)(3)688.15±2.08(1)(2)(3)1803.12±24.30(1)(2)(3)18.74±0.20(1)(2)(3)
川贝母中剂量组83.82±1.67(1)(2)(3)(4)89.63±1.35(1)(2)(3)(4)18.13±0.27(1)(2)(3)(4)668.33±4.63(1)(2)(3)1885.33±21.49(1)(2)(3)(4)21.04±0.30(1)(2)(3)(4)
川贝母高剂量组43.70±0.89(2)(4)74.72±0.96(2)(4)14.37±0.63(2)(4)634.33±4.10(2)(4)2055.00±12.70(2)(4)24.27±0.41(2)(4)
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川贝母对卵清蛋白致敏哮喘小鼠的作用及其机制
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侯从岭 , 芦晓帆 , 雷小婷 , 唐引引 , 赵润杨 , 李彬
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2022,47(8): 789-794
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2022, 47(8): 789-794
川贝母对卵清蛋白致敏哮喘小鼠的作用及其机制
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侯从岭, 芦晓帆, 雷小婷, 唐引引, 赵润杨, 李彬
作者信息
  • 河南省中医院/河南中医药大学第二附属医院肺病科,河南郑州 450002
  • 侯从岭,硕士研究生,主要从事中医药防治呼吸系统疾病方面的研究

Effect of Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus on ovalbumin sensitized mouse asthma and its mechanism
Cong-Ling Hou, Xiao-Fan Lu, Xiao-Ting Lei, Yin-Yin Tang, Run-Yang Zhao, Bin Li
Affiliations
  • Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Henan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/the Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinses Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
出版时间: 2022-08-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.08.0789
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目的 探讨川贝母对卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏哮喘小鼠的作用及其可能机制。方法 60只BALB/c小鼠随机分为空白对照组、OVA模型组(腹腔注射0.2 mg OVA致敏)、地塞米松组(建模成功后腹腔注射0.5 mg/kg地塞米松)及川贝母低、中、高剂量组(建模成功后灌胃7.0 mg/kg、14.0 mg/kg、21.0 mg/kg川贝母),每组10只,每天给药1次,连续给药4周。给药结束后,测定各组小鼠气道酚红排泄量;采集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF),测定脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)含量及炎性细胞数量;眼球采血,采用ELISA法检测血清中免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、IL-13、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的浓度;收集肺组织,采用RT-qPCR和Western blotting检测Janus激酶3(JAK3)、信号转导和转录激活子6(STAT6)、IL-4 mRNA和蛋白表达量。结果 与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠气道酚红排泄量明显降低,BALF中BDNF含量及炎性细胞数量明显增加,血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13、TNF-α浓度明显升高,IFN-γ浓度及IFN-γ/IL-4比值明显降低,肺组织中JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA及p-JAK3/JAK3、p-STAT6/STAT6、IL-4蛋白相对表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与OVA模型组比较,各剂量川贝母组上述指标均明显改善,且高剂量组改善效果最佳(P<0.05)。结论 川贝母调节哮喘小鼠气道和肺组织炎症的作用机制可能与抑制JAK3/STAT6信号通路激活有关。

川贝母  /  哮喘  /  卵清蛋白  /  JAK3/STAT6信号通路

Objective To study the effect of Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus on ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized asthmatic mice and its mechanism. Methods We set up the study including a blank control group, OVA model group (intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 mg OVA to induce sensitization), dexamethasone group (after successful modeling, intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 mg/kg dexamethasone), and Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus low, medium and high dose groups (after successful modeling, gavage 7.0 mg/kg,14.0 mg/kg, 21.0 mg/kg Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus), once a day for 4 weeks, with 10 mice in each group (total=60 BALB/c mice).After drug administration, we measured the amount of phenol red excretion in the airway and collected the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) to determine the content of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the number of inflammatory cells. We also took the blood samples through eyeballs followed by quantifying the concentration of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-4(IL-4), IL-13, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) using ELISA. We further collected the lung tissues and detected the mRNA and protein expressions of Janus kinase 3 (JAK3), signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6),and IL-4 by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results Compared with the blank control group, the level of phenol red in the airway of the OVA model group reduced significantly, the content of BDNF as well as the number of inflammatory cells in BALF increased significantly, the contents of IgE, IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α in serum were significantly elevated, the concentration of IFN-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio decreased significantly, the relative expression levels of JAK3, STAT6, IL-4 mRNA and p-JAK3/JAK3, p-STAT6/STAT6, and IL-4 protein in lung tissue increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the OVA model group, the above indexes were all significantly improved in each dose of the Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus groups, and the high Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus dose group had the best index (P<0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus regulating airway and lung inflammation in asthmatic mice may be related to inhibiting the activation of JAK3/STAT6 signal pathway.

Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus  /  asthma  /  ovalbumin  /  JAK3/STAT6 signaling pathway
侯从岭, 芦晓帆, 雷小婷, 唐引引, 赵润杨, 李彬. 川贝母对卵清蛋白致敏哮喘小鼠的作用及其机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2022 , 47 (8) : 789 -794 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.08.0789
Cong-Ling Hou, Xiao-Fan Lu, Xiao-Ting Lei, Yin-Yin Tang, Run-Yang Zhao, Bin Li. Effect of Fritillaria cirrhosae bulbus on ovalbumin sensitized mouse asthma and its mechanism[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2022 , 47 (8) : 789 -794 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.08.0789
支气管哮喘是最常见的慢性气道炎症之一,其典型症状为持续性发作的气促、喘息、咳嗽和胸闷等[1]。哮喘致死率较高,其发病率在全球气道慢性疾病中居首位[2]。哮喘发作是气道狭窄的结果,气道狭窄可引起支气管肿胀、分泌物增加和肌肉收缩等。支气管哮喘发作通常由致敏原引起[3],常见诱因包括过敏原(如烟草、花粉等)、气温变化和压力等。哮喘是由多种免疫细胞特别是T细胞引起的慢性气道炎症,其与辅助性T细胞1(T helper type1,Th1)/辅助性T细胞2(T helper type 2,Th2)及其分泌的细胞因子失衡密切相关[4]。Th2通过释放Th2型细胞因子如白细胞介素-4(interleukin-4,IL-4)等,启动过敏性哮喘的免疫应答;而Th1通过释放Th1型细胞因子如γ干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)等,参与拮抗Th2细胞反应,抑制过敏性哮喘的进展[5]。因此,靶向调节Th1/Th2的平衡有助于从源头上缓解过敏性哮喘。另有研究发现,Janus激酶3(Janus kinase 3,JAK3)/信号转导和转录激活子(signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)信号传导途径与哮喘进程中Th1/Th2平衡调节相关[6-7]。Th2合成的炎性介质是JAK/STAT6通路的上游刺激因子,可诱导STAT6磷酸化,STAT6磷酸化参与杯状细胞化生,从而导致黏液分泌过多[8-9]。目前研究发现,多种天然中草药及中草药成分可通过调节Th1/Th2失衡治疗哮喘,如茯苓和人参皂苷等[10-11]。川贝母(Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don)是一种多年生的百合科草本植物,具有清热化痰、润肺止咳、散结消肿的功效,以及降低血压和控制血糖的作用。有报道称,川贝母可减轻哮喘模型小鼠的气道炎症[12],但其作用机制尚未完全阐明。值得注意的是,川贝母水提物可上调STAT家族蛋白的表达,并通过上调IL-12和IFN-γ来调节免疫应答,诱导肺癌细胞凋亡[13]。本研究探讨了川贝母对卵清蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)致敏支气管哮喘小鼠的作用及其可能机制。
川贝母粉由成都市康华药业股份有限公司提供。提取川贝母粉7.0 mg、14.0 mg和21.0 mg,分别溶于5%羧甲基纤维素钠(carboxymethyl,CMC) 5 ml中,现用现配。OVA(A5253,100 g)、氢氧化铝凝胶(A8222,250 ml)(美国Sigma公司);地塞米松磷酸钠注射液(5 mg/支,焦作市国药集团容生制药有限公司);总RNA抽提试剂(Trizol)、反转录试剂盒(大连TaKaRa公司);总蛋白提取试剂盒(美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司);LipofectamineTM 2000转染试剂(美国Invitrogen公司);兔抗JAK3、p-JAK3、STAT6、p-STAT6、IL-4抗体及山羊抗兔IgG抗体,甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH),辣根过氧化物酶(horseradish peroxidase,HRP)(美国Abcam公司);酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)测定试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司);脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)试剂盒(美国Kamiya公司);增强型化学发光(ECL)试剂(美国Thermo公司)。超声雾化器(鱼跃402AI,重庆永健生物技术有限公司);雾化箱(以有机玻璃为材料自制,规格:40 cm×30 cm×20 cm);实时反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)仪(ABI 7300,美国ABI公司);微量加样器(3112,德国Eppendorf公司);自动平衡离心机(LDZ5-2,北京京立离心机有限公司);电子天平(UW820S,日本岛津公司);BH-2光学显微镜(日本Olympus公司);酶标仪(Elx800,美国Bio-Tek公司)。
60只SPF级BALB/c小鼠,雌雄各半,6~8周龄,由河南省中医院/河南中医药大学第二附属医院动物实验中心提供(实验动物生产合格证号:SCXK豫2019-022)。饲养温度为25 ℃,湿度为20%~25%,自由进食和饮水。实验过程符合国家和单位有关实验动物管理和使用的规定。
取50只小鼠,实验第1、8天分别腹腔注射0.2 mg OVA和1 mg氢氧化铝粉末制成的混悬液0.2 ml,即为首次致敏。实验第15天,将小鼠分别置于超声雾化器中,给予1%的OVA生理盐水喷雾雾化吸入,每周3次,每次20 min,持续4周,直至实验结束。小鼠出现腹肌痉挛、呼吸加快、站立不稳等症状表示激发成功。50只小鼠均激发成功。
将造模成功的50只小鼠随机分为OVA模型组(灌胃0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠)、地塞米松组(腹腔注射0.5 mg/kg地塞米松)及川贝母低、中、高剂量组(灌胃7.0、14.0、21.0 mg/kg川贝母),每组10只;余10只正常小鼠作为空白对照组(用等体积的生理盐水代替OVA处理,灌胃0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠)。每天给药1次,连续给药4周。
给药结束后,各组小鼠用1%戊巴比妥钠麻醉,剪开皮肤,分离气管并做一横向切口,插入气管插管。结扎右主支气管,经气管插管以10 ml生理盐水灌洗左肺,收集BALF,经2000 r/min离心15 min,弃上清液。取沉渣用1 ml PBS重悬,吸取10 μl加至血细胞计数板,在高倍显微镜下计数炎性细胞总数。取100 μl细胞悬液涂布在载玻片上,用迪夫快速染色液(Diff-Quik)染色后,进行分类细胞(中性粒细胞、酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞)计数。
采用BDNF试剂盒检测BALF中BDNF的含量,操作步骤按照试剂盒说明书进行。
末次给药后0.5 h,各组小鼠腹腔注射0.5%苯酚红溶液(20 ml/kg),30 min后处死小鼠,剥离气管并取一段等长气管,放入含3 ml生理盐水的EP管中,取上清液加入0.1 ml 5%NaHCO3,采用紫外分光光度计测定546 nm处的吸光度值。
给药结束后,通过眼球采血采集各组小鼠血液1 ml,离心后取上清,测定血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13、IFN-γ、TNF-α的浓度,操作步骤按照ELISA试剂盒说明书进行。
取各组小鼠肺组织,按试剂盒说明书步骤提取肺组织总RNA,反转录成cDNA,以cDNA为模板进行实时定量PCR,反应条件:95 ℃ 10 min;95 ℃ 30 s,60 ℃ 60 s,72 ℃ 30 s,共40个循环。引物由上海生工生物工程股份有限公司合成。引物序列:JAK3正义链5'-ACACCTCTGATCCCTCAGC-3',反义链5'-GCGAATGATAAACAGGCAGGATG-3';STAT6正义链5'-CCTGGTCGGTTCAGATGCTTT-3',反义链5'-GTGCGGCAAGATGCTGTTTC-3';IL-4正义链5'-CCCCAGCTAGTTGTCATCCTG-3',反义链5'-CAAGTGATTTTTGTCGCATCCG-3';Sirt1正义链5'-TGGCAAAGGAGCAGATTAGTAGG-3',反义链5'-CTGCCACAAGAACTAGAGGATAAGA-3'。采用2–ΔΔCt法计算目的基因mRNA的相对表达水平。
使用RIPA裂解液提取各组肺组织总蛋白,并溶解于SDS蛋白上样缓冲液中。取40 μg上样,行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳,并转至PVDF膜上;用5%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)室温封闭1 h,加入抗JAK3抗体(ab45141;1:300)、抗p-JAK3抗体(ab278789;1:500)、抗STAT6抗体(ab32520;1:300)、抗p-STAT6抗体(ab188080;1:1000)、抗IL-4抗体(ab62351;1:500)4 ℃孵育过夜;TBST漂洗后,加入HRP标记的IgG抗体(ab205718;1:1000)室温孵育1 h,ECL显影液曝光、定影后晾干拍照,以GAPDH为内参,用ImageJ软件进行蛋白定量分析。
采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析。实验数据以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用Duncan检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠气道酚红排泄量明显降低(P<0.05),BALF中BDNF含量明显增加(P<0.05)。与OVA模型组比较,川贝母低、中、高剂量组小鼠气道酚红排泄量明显增加(P<0.05),BALF中BDNF含量明显降低(P<0.05);与地塞米松组比较,川贝母高剂量组小鼠气道酚红排泄量及BALF中BDNF含量无明显变化(P>0.05);与川贝母低剂量组比较,川贝母高剂量组小鼠气道酚红排泄量明显增加(P<0.05),BALF中BDNF含量明显降低(P<0.05) (表1)。
与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞数量及炎性细胞总数明显增多(P<0.05);与OVA模型组比较,川贝母低、中、高剂量组小鼠BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞数量及炎性细胞总数明显减少(P<0.05);与地塞米松组比较,川贝母高剂量组小鼠BALF中炎性细胞数量无明显变化(P>0.05);与川贝母低剂量组比较,川贝母高剂量组小鼠BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞数量及炎性细胞总数明显减少(P<0.05)(表1)。
ELISA检测结果显示,与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13、TNF-α浓度明显升高(P<0.05),而IFN-γ浓度及IFN-γ/IL-4比值(反映Th1/Th2平衡)明显降低(P<0.05);与OVA模型组比较,川贝母低、中、高剂量组小鼠血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13和TNF-α浓度均明显降低(P<0.05),而IFN-γ浓度和IFN-γ/IL-4比值明显升高(P<0.05);与地塞米松组比较,川贝母高剂量组小鼠血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13、TNF-α、IFN-γ浓度及IFN-γ/IL-4比值无明显变化(P>0.05);与川贝母低剂量组比较,川贝母中、高剂量组小鼠血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13浓度明显降低(P<0.05),而IFN-γ浓度及IFN-γ/IL-4比值明显升高(P<0.05)(表2)。
RT-qPCR检测结果显示,与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠肺组织中JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA相对表达水平明显升高(P<0.05);与OVA模型组比较,川贝母低、中、高剂量组小鼠肺组织中JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA相对表达水平明显降低(P<0.05);与地塞米松组比较,川贝母高剂量组小鼠肺组织中JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA相对表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05);与川贝母低剂量组比较,川贝母中、高剂量组小鼠肺组织中JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA相对表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)(图1A)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠肺组织中p-JAK3/JAK3、p-STAT6/STAT6、IL-4蛋白相对表达水平明显升高(P<0.05);与OVA模型组比较,川贝母低、中、高剂量组小鼠肺组织中p-JAK3/JAK3、p-STAT6/STAT6、IL-4蛋白相对表达水平明显降低(P<0.05);与地塞米松组比较,川贝母高剂量组小鼠肺组织中p-JAK3/JAK3、p-STAT6/STAT6、IL-4蛋白相对表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05);与川贝母低剂量组比较,川贝母中、高剂量组小鼠肺组织中p-JAK3/JAK3、p-STAT6/STAT6、IL-4蛋白相对表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)(图1B)。
哮喘是一种气道慢性炎症性疾病,其被过敏原或其他环境因素激发后,大量肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、T淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞等炎性细胞被释放,并伴随大量的IL-4、IL-13等炎性因子释放,从而打破Th1/Th2的平衡。研究发现,一些天然中草药及其成分可通过调节Th1/Th2的平衡缓解哮喘病情,例如:马齿苋提取物可增大哮喘模型大鼠BALF中INF-γ/IL-4的比值,改善Th1/Th2平衡和哮喘大鼠的气道反应性[5];人参皂苷Rh1可通过调节Th1/Th2细胞因子的平衡而缓解OVA诱导的哮喘小鼠的气道重塑和炎症[10]。值得注意的是,有研究发现川贝母止嗽颗粒对哮喘豚鼠模型具有较好的平喘作用[14]。此外,川贝母可明显减轻哮喘模型小鼠的气道炎症,其作用机制可能与抑制细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK/MAPK)通路的激活有关[12]。本研究发现,川贝母给药可增加小鼠气道酚红排泄量,对OVA致敏小鼠具有祛痰效果。不同剂量的川贝母均可降低OVA诱导的哮喘小鼠BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞数量及炎性细胞总数,表明川贝母可减轻OVA致敏小鼠支气管哮喘诱发的炎症。此外,川贝母给药明显降低了OVA小鼠血清中IgE、IL-4、IL-13、TNF-α的浓度,并升高了IFN-γ的浓度和IFN-γ/IL-4比值,表明川贝母可改善OVA致敏支气管哮喘造成的小鼠免疫系统Th1/Th2失衡。
既往研究发现,由过敏原引起的哮喘患者BALF中BDNF水平明显升高[15-17],表明BDNF参与了哮喘的发病机制。Watanabe等[18]发现,哮喘的严重程度与BDNF升高程度相关。此外,研究发现,BDNF可促进气道平滑肌细胞的增殖、迁移和细胞外基质沉积,诱导哮喘患者的气道纤维化、气道高反应性和气道重塑[19]。鉴于BDNF在气道中的多效性,其可能是新颖且有吸引力的治疗靶标。本研究发现,与空白对照组比较,OVA模型组小鼠BALF中BDNF含量明显增加,而川贝母给药明显降低了小鼠BALF中BDNF的含量。还有研究发现,调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)/Th17细胞失衡在哮喘的发病机制中起着重要作用[20]。Th17细胞可募集中性粒细胞,间接吸引嗜酸性粒细胞,加剧哮喘发作。本研究发现,川贝母可降低OVA致敏小鼠BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞的数量,提示川贝母可能调节哮喘中Treg/Th17细胞的平衡。但川贝母改善小鼠哮喘的作用机制尚不明确,后续须进一步深入研究川贝母对OVA致敏小鼠肺组织中Treg/Th17平衡的影响及机制。
JAK/STAT信号通路由酪氨酸激酶JAK家族和转录因子STAT家族组成,是一种重要的细胞因子信号转导通路[21]。JAK-STAT级联触发过敏性哮喘中细胞因子介导的信号转导[8]。研究发现,Th2细胞合成的炎性介质尤其是IL-13是JAK/STAT6通路的上游刺激因子,可诱导STAT6磷酸化,STAT6磷酸化参与杯状细胞化生,从而导致黏液分泌过多[8-9]。此外,STAT6是产生Th2相关细胞因子IL-4、IL-5和IL-13的关键转录因子[9, 22]。因此,在哮喘进程中,JAK/STAT6通路与Th1/Th2平衡相关,在诱导气道高反应性和黏液过度分泌中发挥重要作用。值得注意的是,有研究发现,川贝母水提物可上调STAT1和STAT4蛋白的表达,并促进STAT1和STAT4的靶蛋白IL-12与IFN-γ的分泌,从而调节免疫应答,诱导肺癌细胞凋亡[13]。由此推测,川贝母可能通过调节JAK/STAT通路和Th1/Th2平衡而在哮喘中发挥作用。本研究结果显示,川贝母可抑制JAK3/STAT6信号通路的激活,降低JAK3STAT6IL-4 mRNA水平,以及p-JAK3、p-STAT6、IL-4蛋白水平,从而缓解OVA致敏小鼠的哮喘症状,这为川贝母治疗支气管哮喘提供了理论支持。
综上所述,本研究结果表明,川贝母能够减轻OVA致敏哮喘小鼠的炎症和Th1/Th2失衡,其作用机制可能与抑制JAK3/STAT6信号通路的激活有关,其具体机制有待后续进一步研究探索。
  • 2019年国家中医临床研究基地科研专项课题(2019JDZX049)
  • 河南省科技厅攻关项目(192102310423)
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2022年第47卷第8期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.08.0789
  • 接收时间:2021-07-14
  • 首发时间:2025-12-15
  • 出版时间:2022-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-14
  • 录用日期:2022-01-18
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Special Topic of National Clinical Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2019(2019JDZX049)
2019年国家中医临床研究基地科研专项课题(2019JDZX049)
Research Project of Henan Provincial Science and Technology Department(192102310423)
河南省科技厅攻关项目(192102310423)
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    河南省中医院/河南中医药大学第二附属医院肺病科,河南郑州 450002
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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