Article(id=1207394341958554604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1207394339840431074, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1639756800000, receivedDateStr=2021-12-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1649001600000, acceptedDateStr=2022-04-04, onlineDate=1765794843425, onlineDateStr=2025-12-15, pubDate=1666886400000, pubDateStr=2022-10-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765794843425, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765794843425, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765794843425, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1207394339840431074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2022', volume='47', issue='10', pageStart='957', pageEnd='1062', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1765794842920, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765794898634, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1207394573588992611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1207394339840431074, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1207394573588992612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1207394339840431074, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1006, endPage=1012, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1207394342247961585, articleId=1207394341958554604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Clinical analysis and literature review of 14 patients with acute megakaryocytic leukemia, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To analyze the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis of acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL), and then review the relative of AMKL. Methods Retrospectively study the clinical data of 14 AMKL patients admitted to Fujian Medical University Union Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from January 2016 to May 2021, analyze and discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of AMKL patients, and search domestic or foreign literature for the literature review at the same time. Results A total of 14 AMKL patients were included in present study, including 6 children [4 males and 2 females, with a median age of 2 years (13 months to 6 years)]; 8 adult patients [5 males and 3 females, with a median age of 57 (19-78) years]. The clinical manifestations of the patients were mainly non-specific symptoms of blood diseases. All patients underwent bone marrow biopsy, and a large number of primitive megakaryocytes were seen under the microscope. Except for 2 patients with incomplete flow immunophenotyping, cytogenetics and molecular biology tests, all the remaining 12 patients had megakaryocyte antigens (CD41, CD61, CD42b) expression, accompanied by genetic or molecular biology abnormalities. Except for 1 patient who survived after bone marrow transplantation and 1 patient who was lost to follow-up, the remaining 12 patients died, the median survival time was 5.5 (0–21) months. A total of 249 cases of AMKL patients in mainland of China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) were reported from 2002 to 2022,of which 16 cases were transformed by other hematological tumor diseases: 6 cases were transformed by chronic myeloid leukemia(CML), 4 cases were transformed by myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 3 cases were transformed by myelofibrosis (MF), 2 cases were transformed by primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and 1 was transformed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Among the 249 AMKL patients, 24 survived and 225 died. Most of the causes of death were disease progression, recurrence after chemotherapy or transplantation, severe infection, and fatal hemorrhage. Conclusions AMKL is rare and has an extremely poor prognosis with lack of specificity in clinical manifestations. It is helpful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of AMKL by the results of bone marrow routine and pathology, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, molecular biology and electron microscopy. Clinical trials should be the first choice for the treatment of AMKL, correspondingly, close monitoring of measurable residual disease (MRD),and the remission induction chemotherapy combined with epigenetic drugs and targeted therapy may benefit patients. In addition,AMKL patients should undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplant as soon as possible after the first complete remission induced by standard chemotherapy, which will maximize the prognosis of patients.

, correspAuthors=Huan-Wen Tang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yan-Quan Liu, Yue Yin, Yu-Ting Chen, Hui Yang, Huan-Wen Tang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1207394342675779585, articleId=1207394341958554604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=CN, title=急性巨核细胞白血病14例临床分析并文献复习, columnId=1190310109164180259, journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, columnName=临床研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 分析急性巨核细胞白血病(AMKL)的临床特征、诊治及预后情况,并进行文献复习。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月-2021年5月福建医科大学附属协和医院、赣南医学院第一附属医院收治的共14例AMKL患者的临床资料,总结AMKL患者的临床特征、诊断及鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等,并检索国内外文献资料进行文献复习。结果 共纳入14例AMKL患者,其中儿童6例,男4例,女2例,中位年龄2岁(13个月至6岁);成人8例,男5例,女3例,中位年龄57(19~78)岁。患者临床表现主要以血液病非特异性症状为主,所有患者均完善骨髓穿刺活检术,镜下可见大量原始巨核细胞,除2例未完善流式细胞术免疫分型、细胞遗传学及分子生物学检测外,余12例均有巨核系抗原(CD41、CD61、CD42b)表达,且伴随遗传学或分子生物学异常。除1例骨髓移植后尚存活、1例失访外,余12例死亡,中位生存期5.5(0~21)个月。2002-2022年中国(不包括港澳台地区)共报道AMKL患者249例,其中由其他血液病转化16例:6例由慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)转化,4例由骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)转化,3例由骨髓纤维化(MF)转化,2例由原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)转化,1例由急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)转化。249例AMKL患者中,尚存活24例,死亡225例,死因多为化疗后病情进展或复发、移植后复发、重症感染及致命性出血等。结论 AMKL罕见且预后极差,临床表现缺乏特异性,通过骨髓常规和病理、流式细胞术免疫分型、细胞遗传学、分子生物学检查以及电镜技术等综合判断有助于其诊断及鉴别。治疗上应首选参加临床研究,同时密切监测可检测残留病(MRD),诱导缓解化疗联合表观遗传学药物及靶向治疗可能使AMKL患者受益,在标准化疗诱导缓解第1次完全缓解后应尽早行造血干细胞移植,以最大程度改善预后。

, correspAuthors=唐焕文, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
唐焕文,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=r3U0FC5yGQHbOg2xPHaIUw==, magXml=jiTYQTdoffBc4gawXsH53Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=E2SQcmOqNgZE3YU+uFTqyg==, pdfFileSize=1016082, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=d5vpOPJzWLSsjNWpo831xg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=VrBWrSu5YHOlm5yMJPR2BA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘彦权,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事血液肿瘤与罕见病的科研、临床以及高等医学教育研究

, authorsList=刘彦权, 殷悦, 陈玉婷, 杨慧, 唐焕文)}, authors=[Author(id=1207394343086821406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1207394343216844842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394343086821406, language=EN, stringName=Yan-Quan Liu, firstName=Yan-Quan, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
2Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1207394343300730927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394343086821406, language=CN, stringName=刘彦权, firstName=彦权, middleName=null, lastName=刘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808
2福建医科大学附属协和医院血液病研究所,福建福州 350001, bio={"content":"

刘彦权,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事血液肿瘤与罕见病的科研、临床以及高等医学教育研究

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

刘彦权,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事血液肿瘤与罕见病的科研、临床以及高等医学教育研究

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1207394342868717582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342881300496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342885494801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808)]), AuthorCompany(id=1207394342969380884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342973575189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342969380884, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342981963798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342969380884, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2福建医科大学附属协和医院血液病研究所,福建福州 350001)])]), Author(id=1207394343422365752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1207394343523029051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394343422365752, language=EN, stringName=Yue Yin, firstName=Yue, middleName=null, lastName=Yin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1207394343653052481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394343422365752, language=CN, stringName=殷悦, firstName=悦, middleName=null, lastName=殷, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2福建医科大学附属协和医院血液病研究所,福建福州 350001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1207394342969380884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342973575189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342969380884, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342981963798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342969380884, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2福建医科大学附属协和医院血液病研究所,福建福州 350001)])]), Author(id=1207394343745327174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1207394343858573394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394343745327174, language=EN, stringName=Yu-Ting Chen, firstName=Yu-Ting, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1207394344001179733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394343745327174, language=CN, stringName=陈玉婷, firstName=玉婷, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1207394342868717582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342881300496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342885494801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808)])]), Author(id=1207394344072482908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1207394344202506342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394344072482908, language=EN, stringName=Hui Yang, firstName=Hui, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1207394344315752555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394344072482908, language=CN, stringName=杨慧, firstName=慧, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1207394342868717582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342881300496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342885494801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808)])]), Author(id=1207394344391250031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=thw@gdmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1207394344559022206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394344391250031, language=EN, stringName=Huan-Wen Tang, firstName=Huan-Wen, middleName=null, lastName=Tang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1207394344672268423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, authorId=1207394344391250031, language=CN, stringName=唐焕文, firstName=焕文, middleName=null, lastName=唐, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, *, address=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1207394342868717582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342881300496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342885494801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1207394345892810902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=acute megakaryocyte leukemia), Keyword(id=1207394346018640031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=megakaryocyte primordial cells), Keyword(id=1207394346136080550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=differential diagnosis), Keyword(id=1207394346253521074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=clinical features), Keyword(id=1207394346387738807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=prognosis), Keyword(id=1207394346475819197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=急性巨核细胞白血病), Keyword(id=1207394346538733766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=原始巨核细胞), Keyword(id=1207394346593259722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=鉴别诊断), Keyword(id=1207394346710700241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=临床特征), Keyword(id=1207394346798780633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=预后)], refs=[Reference(id=1207394349093065063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=5047, pageEnd=5051, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Dima D, Oprita L, Rosu AM, journalName=Onco Targets Ther, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dima D, Oprita L, Rosu AM, et al. Adult acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: rare association with cytopenias of undetermined significance and p210 and p190 BCR-ABL transcripts[J]. Onco Targets Ther, 2017, 10: 5047-5051., articleTitle=Adult acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: rare association with cytopenias of undetermined significance and p210 and p190 BCR-ABL transcripts, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394350284247404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=126, issue=8, pageStart=943, pageEnd=949, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Gruber TA, Downing JR, journalName=Blood, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gruber TA, Downing JR. The biology of pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia[J]. Blood, 2015, 126(8): 943-949., articleTitle=The biology of pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394350376522097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=28, issue=9, pageStart=1000, pageEnd=1015, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Vukadin L, Kim JH, Park EY, journalName=Cancer Gene Ther, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Vukadin L, Kim JH, Park EY, et al. SON inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation via repressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia[J]. Cancer Gene Ther, 2021, 28(9): 1000-1015., articleTitle=SON inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation via repressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394350464602486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=174, issue=23, pageStart=4308, pageEnd=4328, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Liu T, Zhang Z, Yu C, journalName=Br J Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu T, Zhang Z, Yu C, et al. Tetrandrine antagonizes acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia growth by forcing autophagy-mediated differentiation[J]. Br J Pharmacol, 2017, 174(23):4308-4328., articleTitle=Tetrandrine antagonizes acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia growth by forcing autophagy-mediated differentiation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394350573654395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1931, volume=118, issue=null, pageStart=679, pageEnd=718, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Von Boros J, Korenyi A, journalName=Z Klin Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Von Boros J, Korenyi A. Uber einen fall von akuter megakaryocyblasten-leukamie, zugleich einige bemerkungen zum Problem der akuten leukemie[J]. Z Klin Med, 1931, 118:679-718. [In German]., articleTitle=Uber einen fall von akuter megakaryocyblasten-leukamie, zugleich einige bemerkungen zum Problem der akuten leukemie, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394350728843648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1978, volume=51, issue=1, pageStart=45, pageEnd=60, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Breton-Gorius J, Reyes F, Duhamel G, journalName=Blood, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Breton-Gorius J, Reyes F, Duhamel G, et al. Megakaryoblastic acute leukemia: Identification by the ultrastructural demonstration of platelet peroxidase[J]. Blood, 1978, 51(1): 45-60., articleTitle=Megakaryoblastic acute leukemia: Identification by the ultrastructural demonstration of platelet peroxidase, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394350846284167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1985, volume=103, issue=3, pageStart=460, pageEnd=462, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Bennett JM, Catovsky D, Daniel MT, journalName=Ann Intern Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bennett JM, Catovsky D, Daniel MT, et al. Criteria for the diagnosis of acute leukemia of megakaryocyte lineage (M7). A report of the French-American-British Cooperative Group[J]. Ann Intern Med, 1985, 103(3): 460-462., articleTitle=Criteria for the diagnosis of acute leukemia of megakaryocyte lineage (M7). A report of the French-American-British Cooperative Group, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394350938558860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=272, pageEnd=273, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, journalName=WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues[M]. Lyon: IARC Press, 2008: 272-273., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351043416465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=42, issue=1, pageStart=69, pageEnd=72, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Liu YT, Hui Y, Lin D, journalName=Chin J Pract Intern Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu YT, Hui Y, Lin D, et al. Clinical analysis of 13 cases of adult acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. Chin J Pract Intern Med, 2022, 42(1): 69-72., articleTitle=Clinical analysis of 13 cases of adult acute megakaryocytic leukemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351160856982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=69, pageEnd=72, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=9, authorNames=刘云涛, 惠岩, 林冬, journalName=中国实用内科杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[刘云涛, 惠岩, 林冬, 等. 成人急性巨核细胞白血病13例临床分析[J]. 中国实用内科杂志, 2022, 42(1):69-72.], articleTitle=成人急性巨核细胞白血病13例临床分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351274103195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=23, issue=6, pageStart=613, pageEnd=620, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Luo TM, Yu J, An XZ, journalName=Chin J Contemp Pediatr, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Luo TM, Yu J, An XZ. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute megakaryocytic leukemia in children[J]. Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2021, 23(6): 613-620., articleTitle=Clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute megakaryocytic leukemia in children, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351391543711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=6, pageStart=613, pageEnd=620, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=11, authorNames=罗铁梅, 于洁, 安曦洲, journalName=中国当代儿科杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[罗铁梅, 于洁, 安曦洲. 儿童急性巨核细胞白血病临床特点及预后分析[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2021, 23(6): 613-620.], articleTitle=儿童急性巨核细胞白血病临床特点及预后分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351517372836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=37, issue=4, pageStart=297, pageEnd=301, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Dong S, Zhao S, Wang Y, journalName=Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dong S, Zhao S, Wang Y, et al. Analysis on the laboratory examination characteristics in 22 patients with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia[J]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi, 2016, 37(4): 297-301., articleTitle=Analysis on the laboratory examination characteristics in 22 patients with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351613841834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=16, issue=6, pageStart=6988, pageEnd=6997, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Zhao G, Wu W, Wang X, journalName=Oncol Lett, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao G, Wu W, Wang X, et al. Clinical diagnosis of adult patients with acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. Oncol Lett, 2018, 16(6): 6988-6997., articleTitle=Clinical diagnosis of adult patients with acute megakaryocytic leukemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351735476653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=636633, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Grimm J, Heckl D, Klusmann JH, journalName=Front Oncol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Grimm J, Heckl D, Klusmann JH. Molecular mechanisms of the genetic predisposition to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in infants with Down syndrome[J]. Front Oncol, 2021, 11: 636633., articleTitle=Molecular mechanisms of the genetic predisposition to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in infants with Down syndrome, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351831945649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=156, issue=3, pageStart=316, pageEnd=325, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Asahito H, Hideki M, Hideki M, journalName=Br J Haematol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Asahito H, Hideki M, Hideki M, et al. Molecular lesions in childhood and adult acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia[J]. Br J Haematol, 2012, 156(3): 316-325., articleTitle=Molecular lesions in childhood and adult acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394351945191860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=10, issue=2, pageStart=a034884, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=16, authorNames=McNulty M, Crispino JD, journalName=Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McNulty M, Crispino JD. Acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med, 2020, 10(2): a034884., articleTitle=Acute megakaryocytic leukemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352058438074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=4, pageStart=e301, pageEnd=e308, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Wang Y, Lu AD, Jia Y, journalName=Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y, Lu AD, Jia Y, et al. Outcome and prognostic features in pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia without Down syndrome: A retrospective study in China[J]. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2021, 21(4): e301-e308., articleTitle=Outcome and prognostic features in pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia without Down syndrome: A retrospective study in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352133935550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=97, issue=27, pageStart=e11331, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Ding W, Li D, Zhuang C, journalName=Medicine (Baltimore), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ding W, Li D, Zhuang C, et al. Essential thrombocythemia during treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with JAK2 V617F mutation: A case report of a CARE-compliant article[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2018, 97(27): e11331., articleTitle=Essential thrombocythemia during treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with JAK2 V617F mutation: A case report of a CARE-compliant article, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352272347584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=135, issue=7, pageStart=514, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Kagotho E, Chang H, journalName=Blood, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kagotho E, Chang H. CML in megakaryocytic transformation and extramedullary infiltration[J]. Blood, 2020, 135(7): 514., articleTitle=CML in megakaryocytic transformation and extramedullary infiltration, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352368816579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=64, issue=1, pageStart=e14842, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Yoshino H, Gemma Y, Miyazawa N, journalName=Pediatr Int, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yoshino H, Gemma Y, Miyazawa N, et al. Therapy-related acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with severe myelofibrosis[J]. Pediatr Int, 2022, 64(1): e14842., articleTitle=Therapy-related acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with severe myelofibrosis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352477868486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=122, issue=14, pageStart=e33, pageEnd=e43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Malinge S, Chlon T, Doré LC, journalName=Blood, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Malinge S, Chlon T, Doré LC, et al. Development of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in Down syndrome is associated with sequential epigenetic changes[J]. Blood, 2013, 122(14):e33-e43., articleTitle=Development of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in Down syndrome is associated with sequential epigenetic changes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352536588743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=8, issue=7, pageStart=e68601, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Caldwell JT, Edwards H, Dombkowski AA, journalName=PLoS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Caldwell JT, Edwards H, Dombkowski AA, et al. Overexpression of GATA1 confers resistance to chemotherapy in acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(7): e68601., articleTitle=Overexpression of GATA1 confers resistance to chemotherapy in acute megakaryocytic leukemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352616280522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=57, issue=4, pageStart=569, pageEnd=574, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Adachi Y, Yamaguchi Y, Sagou K, journalName=Intern Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Adachi Y, Yamaguchi Y, Sagou K, et al. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia developing as donor cell leukemia after umbilical cord blood transplantation[J]. Intern Med, 2018, 57(4): 569-574., articleTitle=Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia developing as donor cell leukemia after umbilical cord blood transplantation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1207394352695972302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=47, issue=null, pageStart=47, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Ishiyama K, Yamaguchi T, Eto T, journalName=Leuk Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ishiyama K, Yamaguchi T, Eto T, et al. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, unlike acute erythroid leukemia, predicts an unfavorable outcome after allogeneic HSCT[J]. Leuk Res, 2016, 47: 47-53., articleTitle=Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, unlike acute erythroid leukemia, predicts an unfavorable outcome after allogeneic HSCT, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1207394347964797224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=82073582, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073582), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348073849136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=82073582, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(82073582), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348187095348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=2020KTSCX048, language=EN, fundingSource=Special Innovation Project of General Colleges and Universities of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(2020KTSCX048), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348283564351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=2020KTSCX048, language=CN, fundingSource=广东省教育厅高校特色创新项目(2020KTSCX048), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348388421952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=4SG22003G, language=EN, fundingSource=Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical University(4SG22003G), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348480696643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=4SG22003G, language=CN, fundingSource=广东医科大学学科建设项目(4SG22003G), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348593942860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=4SG21209G, language=EN, fundingSource=Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical University(4SG21209G), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348753326422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=4SG21209G, language=CN, fundingSource=广东医科大学学科建设项目(4SG21209G), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348879155547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=4SG22046G, language=EN, fundingSource=Special Program for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Guangdong Medical University(4SG22046G), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1207394348963041632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, awardId=4SG22046G, language=CN, fundingSource=广东医科大学科技创新专项计划项目(4SG22046G), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1207394342868717582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342881300496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342885494801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342868717582, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808)]), AuthorCompany(id=1207394342969380884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342973575189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342969380884, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207394342981963798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, companyId=1207394342969380884, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2福建医科大学附属协和医院血液病研究所,福建福州 350001)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1207394346974941413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Microscopic image of bone marrow cytochemical staining of AMKL patients (×400), figureFileSmall=fVMMZpf57hfUZ4dssDGzmg==, figureFileBig=d5vpOPJzWLSsjNWpo831xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207394347054633197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, label=图1, caption=AMKL患者骨髓细胞化学染色镜下图(×400)

A. Wright-Giemsa染色(瑞氏染色法)可见原始巨核细胞增多,呈类圆形,胞体边缘可见云雾状或絮状突起,其周边伴随少许血小板;B. 过氧化物酶(Pox)染色呈阴性;C. 糖原染色(PAS)可见原始细胞呈块状阳性;D. 非特异性酯酶染色(AS-DCE)呈阴性;E. α-乙酸萘酚酯酶染色(α-NAE)呈阳性;F. 氟化钠抑制试验(NAF)可见原始幼稚细胞被抑制;G. 热盐水试验呈阴性

, figureFileSmall=fVMMZpf57hfUZ4dssDGzmg==, figureFileBig=d5vpOPJzWLSsjNWpo831xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207394347327262974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Clinical data of 14 patients with AMKL

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号性别年龄(岁)临床症状体征外周血检查指标骨髓检查
贫血出血发热肝脾肿大淋巴结肿大WBC(×109/L)Hb(g/L)PLT(×109/L)LDH升高干抽巨核系抗原
12+++--0.525714--+
219++++-24.237448+++
31.5+----7.9861104-++
451-++--1.029537+-+
52++++-54.85396++未送检
659+++-+1.507219+++
765+----3.686375+++
81.1+++--14.235560+-+
955++-++2.948757+++
106+++--1.675334--+
1162--+--2.5810166+-+
123++++-27.236423+++
1378+-++-2.124852++未送检
1437++---3.748931+-+
), ArticleFig(id=1207394347440509189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

14例AMKL患者的临床资料

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号性别年龄(岁)临床症状体征外周血检查指标骨髓检查
贫血出血发热肝脾肿大淋巴结肿大WBC(×109/L)Hb(g/L)PLT(×109/L)LDH升高干抽巨核系抗原
12+++--0.525714--+
219++++-24.237448+++
31.5+----7.9861104-++
451-++--1.029537+-+
52++++-54.85396++未送检
659+++-+1.507219+++
765+----3.686375+++
81.1+++--14.235560+-+
955++-++2.948757+++
106+++--1.675334--+
1162--+--2.5810166+-+
123++++-27.236423+++
1378+-++-2.124852++未送检
1437++---3.748931+-+
), ArticleFig(id=1207394347532783882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of 14 AMKL patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号表达抗原类型
1CD4、CD36、CD38、CD41、HLA-DR、CD42b、CD61、CD71
2CD33、CD34、CD36、CD419(dim)、CD56、CD61、CD117
3CD34、CD117、CD36、CD41、CD61、CD42b、CD56
4CD4、CD7、CD13、CD36、CD38、CD33、HLA-DR、CD42b、CD61、CD71
5未检测
6CD56、CD34、CD36、CD117、CD33、CD41、HLA-DR、CD13、MPO
7CD34、CD38、CD36、CD41、CD42b、CD13、CD33、CD117
8CD34、HLA-DR、CD36、CD38、CD15、CD41、CD61、CD64、CD117、MPO
9CD13、CD33、CD34、CD36、CD38、HLA-DR、CD41a、CD61、CD117
10CD117、CD33、CD34、HLA-DR、CD13、CD38、CD41、CD71
11CD4、CD7、CD13、CD41、CD64、CD42b、CD61、CD117
12CD4、CD13、CD14、CD33、CD36、CD41、HLA-DR、CD64、MPO、CD71
13未检测
14CD4、CD7、CD13、CD14、CD33、CD36、HLA-DR、CD61、MPO
), ArticleFig(id=1207394347629252885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

14例AMKL患者流式细胞术免疫分型

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号表达抗原类型
1CD4、CD36、CD38、CD41、HLA-DR、CD42b、CD61、CD71
2CD33、CD34、CD36、CD419(dim)、CD56、CD61、CD117
3CD34、CD117、CD36、CD41、CD61、CD42b、CD56
4CD4、CD7、CD13、CD36、CD38、CD33、HLA-DR、CD42b、CD61、CD71
5未检测
6CD56、CD34、CD36、CD117、CD33、CD41、HLA-DR、CD13、MPO
7CD34、CD38、CD36、CD41、CD42b、CD13、CD33、CD117
8CD34、HLA-DR、CD36、CD38、CD15、CD41、CD61、CD64、CD117、MPO
9CD13、CD33、CD34、CD36、CD38、HLA-DR、CD41a、CD61、CD117
10CD117、CD33、CD34、HLA-DR、CD13、CD38、CD41、CD71
11CD4、CD7、CD13、CD41、CD64、CD42b、CD61、CD117
12CD4、CD13、CD14、CD33、CD36、CD41、HLA-DR、CD64、MPO、CD71
13未检测
14CD4、CD7、CD13、CD14、CD33、CD36、HLA-DR、CD61、MPO
), ArticleFig(id=1207394347729916186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Analysis of karyotype and molecular biology assay of 14 AMKL patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号核型变化融合/突变基因
151-56,XX,+2,+6,+8,+10,+11,+19,+21,+22[CP5]/46,XX[15]WT1
253-55,XY,+2,+6,+7,+8,+10,+19,+21,+2[CP4]WT1c-kitCEBPA
346-50,XX,+3,+7,+14,+21[CP10]/46,XX,add (9) (q34),add (12) (q24)[2]/46,XX[8]WT1c-kitASXL1CEBPA
444-46,XY,t(10;11) (p13;q21),t(14;19) (q11;p13),add(15) (p11)[CP6]/46,XY[4]WT1
5未检测未检测
647,XY,+mar[1]/46,idem,t(10;11) (p13;q21),-14,add(15) (p11),add(19)(p13)[10]/46,XY[9]WT1EVI1
748,XY,+2,del(15) (q15 q24),+19[10]WT1
846,XY[20]阴性
946,XX,t(9;22) (q34;q11.2)[30]/92,+8,+12,-7,-20,+21,-der(21)[10]EVI1WT1ASXL1TET2TP53
1046,XY[20]WT1
1148,XX,del(7) (q31),del(8) (q21 q22),+9,del(13) (q12 q22),add(20),(q13)[20]TET2TP53DNMT3ACSF3R
1244-46,XY,del(5) (q13 q33),-7,add(8) (p23),del(20) (q12),+r,+mar[CP10]EVI1TP53
13未检测未检测
1446,XX[20]WT1
), ArticleFig(id=1207394347830579486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1207394341958554604, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

14例AMKL患者染色体核型分析及分子生物学检测

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号核型变化融合/突变基因
151-56,XX,+2,+6,+8,+10,+11,+19,+21,+22[CP5]/46,XX[15]WT1
253-55,XY,+2,+6,+7,+8,+10,+19,+21,+2[CP4]WT1c-kitCEBPA
346-50,XX,+3,+7,+14,+21[CP10]/46,XX,add (9) (q34),add (12) (q24)[2]/46,XX[8]WT1c-kitASXL1CEBPA
444-46,XY,t(10;11) (p13;q21),t(14;19) (q11;p13),add(15) (p11)[CP6]/46,XY[4]WT1
5未检测未检测
647,XY,+mar[1]/46,idem,t(10;11) (p13;q21),-14,add(15) (p11),add(19)(p13)[10]/46,XY[9]WT1EVI1
748,XY,+2,del(15) (q15 q24),+19[10]WT1
846,XY[20]阴性
946,XX,t(9;22) (q34;q11.2)[30]/92,+8,+12,-7,-20,+21,-der(21)[10]EVI1WT1ASXL1TET2TP53
1046,XY[20]WT1
1148,XX,del(7) (q31),del(8) (q21 q22),+9,del(13) (q12 q22),add(20),(q13)[20]TET2TP53DNMT3ACSF3R
1244-46,XY,del(5) (q13 q33),-7,add(8) (p23),del(20) (q12),+r,+mar[CP10]EVI1TP53
13未检测未检测
1446,XX[20]WT1
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441329971666965, delFlag=0, nameCn=解放军医学杂志, nameEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0577-7402, eissn=null, cn=11-1056/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=CC BY-NC-ND, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262512917, updatedTime=1761735725513, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, picEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369167564968109, language=CN, name=解放军医学杂志, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725537, updatedTime=1761735725537, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369167615299758, language=EN, name=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725549, updatedTime=1761735725549, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189873630562394117, websiteList=[Website(id=1189873845923287108, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761617631655, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622010471, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=解放军医学杂志, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924939378520839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629813284, updateTime=1761629813284, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939353355012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629813278, updateTime=1761629813278, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939399492362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813289, updateTime=1761629813289, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939344966403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629813276, updateTime=1761629813276, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939412075276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813292, updateTime=1761629813292, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939374326534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761629813283, updateTime=1761629813283, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939407880971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813291, updateTime=1761629813291, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939361743621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761629813280, updateTime=1761629813280, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939386909448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629813286, updateTime=1761629813286, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939395298057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629813288, updateTime=1761629813288, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189873846057504839, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761617631687, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622030030, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924968168223505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629820148, updateTime=1761629820148, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968147251982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629820143, updateTime=1761629820143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968185000724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820152, updateTime=1761629820152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968138863373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629820141, updateTime=1761629820141, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968197583638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820155, updateTime=1761629820155, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968159834896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761629820146, updateTime=1761629820146, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968193389333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820154, updateTime=1761629820154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968155640591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761629820145, updateTime=1761629820145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968172417810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629820149, updateTime=1761629820149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968180806419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629820151, updateTime=1761629820151, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://zh.jfjyxzz.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, journalPhotoCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPhotoEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
急性巨核细胞白血病14例临床分析并文献复习
收藏切换
PDF下载
刘彦权 1, 2 , 殷悦 2 , 陈玉婷 1 , 杨慧 1 , 唐焕文 1, *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2022,47(10): 1006-1012
收起
收藏切换
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2022, 47(10): 1006-1012
急性巨核细胞白血病14例临床分析并文献复习
全屏
刘彦权1, 2, 殷悦2, 陈玉婷1, 杨慧1, 唐焕文1, *
作者信息
  • 1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808
  • 2福建医科大学附属协和医院血液病研究所,福建福州 350001
  • 刘彦权,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事血液肿瘤与罕见病的科研、临床以及高等医学教育研究

通讯作者:

唐焕文,E-mail:
Clinical analysis and literature review of 14 patients with acute megakaryocytic leukemia
Yan-Quan Liu1, 2, Yue Yin2, Yu-Ting Chen1, Hui Yang1, Huan-Wen Tang1, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Hematology, First Clinical Medical College, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University/Guangdong Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine/Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
  • 2Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
出版时间: 2022-10-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006
文章导航
收藏切换

目的 分析急性巨核细胞白血病(AMKL)的临床特征、诊治及预后情况,并进行文献复习。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月-2021年5月福建医科大学附属协和医院、赣南医学院第一附属医院收治的共14例AMKL患者的临床资料,总结AMKL患者的临床特征、诊断及鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等,并检索国内外文献资料进行文献复习。结果 共纳入14例AMKL患者,其中儿童6例,男4例,女2例,中位年龄2岁(13个月至6岁);成人8例,男5例,女3例,中位年龄57(19~78)岁。患者临床表现主要以血液病非特异性症状为主,所有患者均完善骨髓穿刺活检术,镜下可见大量原始巨核细胞,除2例未完善流式细胞术免疫分型、细胞遗传学及分子生物学检测外,余12例均有巨核系抗原(CD41、CD61、CD42b)表达,且伴随遗传学或分子生物学异常。除1例骨髓移植后尚存活、1例失访外,余12例死亡,中位生存期5.5(0~21)个月。2002-2022年中国(不包括港澳台地区)共报道AMKL患者249例,其中由其他血液病转化16例:6例由慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)转化,4例由骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)转化,3例由骨髓纤维化(MF)转化,2例由原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)转化,1例由急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)转化。249例AMKL患者中,尚存活24例,死亡225例,死因多为化疗后病情进展或复发、移植后复发、重症感染及致命性出血等。结论 AMKL罕见且预后极差,临床表现缺乏特异性,通过骨髓常规和病理、流式细胞术免疫分型、细胞遗传学、分子生物学检查以及电镜技术等综合判断有助于其诊断及鉴别。治疗上应首选参加临床研究,同时密切监测可检测残留病(MRD),诱导缓解化疗联合表观遗传学药物及靶向治疗可能使AMKL患者受益,在标准化疗诱导缓解第1次完全缓解后应尽早行造血干细胞移植,以最大程度改善预后。

急性巨核细胞白血病  /  原始巨核细胞  /  鉴别诊断  /  临床特征  /  预后

Objective To analyze the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis of acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL), and then review the relative of AMKL. Methods Retrospectively study the clinical data of 14 AMKL patients admitted to Fujian Medical University Union Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from January 2016 to May 2021, analyze and discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of AMKL patients, and search domestic or foreign literature for the literature review at the same time. Results A total of 14 AMKL patients were included in present study, including 6 children [4 males and 2 females, with a median age of 2 years (13 months to 6 years)]; 8 adult patients [5 males and 3 females, with a median age of 57 (19-78) years]. The clinical manifestations of the patients were mainly non-specific symptoms of blood diseases. All patients underwent bone marrow biopsy, and a large number of primitive megakaryocytes were seen under the microscope. Except for 2 patients with incomplete flow immunophenotyping, cytogenetics and molecular biology tests, all the remaining 12 patients had megakaryocyte antigens (CD41, CD61, CD42b) expression, accompanied by genetic or molecular biology abnormalities. Except for 1 patient who survived after bone marrow transplantation and 1 patient who was lost to follow-up, the remaining 12 patients died, the median survival time was 5.5 (0–21) months. A total of 249 cases of AMKL patients in mainland of China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) were reported from 2002 to 2022,of which 16 cases were transformed by other hematological tumor diseases: 6 cases were transformed by chronic myeloid leukemia(CML), 4 cases were transformed by myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 3 cases were transformed by myelofibrosis (MF), 2 cases were transformed by primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and 1 was transformed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Among the 249 AMKL patients, 24 survived and 225 died. Most of the causes of death were disease progression, recurrence after chemotherapy or transplantation, severe infection, and fatal hemorrhage. Conclusions AMKL is rare and has an extremely poor prognosis with lack of specificity in clinical manifestations. It is helpful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of AMKL by the results of bone marrow routine and pathology, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, molecular biology and electron microscopy. Clinical trials should be the first choice for the treatment of AMKL, correspondingly, close monitoring of measurable residual disease (MRD),and the remission induction chemotherapy combined with epigenetic drugs and targeted therapy may benefit patients. In addition,AMKL patients should undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplant as soon as possible after the first complete remission induced by standard chemotherapy, which will maximize the prognosis of patients.

acute megakaryocyte leukemia  /  megakaryocyte primordial cells  /  differential diagnosis  /  clinical features  /  prognosis
刘彦权, 殷悦, 陈玉婷, 杨慧, 唐焕文. 急性巨核细胞白血病14例临床分析并文献复习. 解放军医学杂志, 2022 , 47 (10) : 1006 -1012 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006
Yan-Quan Liu, Yue Yin, Yu-Ting Chen, Hui Yang, Huan-Wen Tang. Clinical analysis and literature review of 14 patients with acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2022 , 47 (10) : 1006 -1012 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006
急性巨核细胞白血病(acute megakaryocytic leukemia,AMKL)是临床罕见且预后极差的急性髓系白血病,依照法英美(French, American, and British classification scheme for leukemia,FAB)分型为AML-M7,常伴有骨髓纤维化[1]。AMKL多见于唐氏综合征(Down syndrome,DS)患儿,而DS相关AMKL(DS-AMKL)预后相对良好[2]。由于AMKL发病率低且临床罕见,目前国内外仍以个案或极少数单中心回顾性研究为主,对于其致病机制、临床诊断及治疗等方面的研究较为单一、局限。本研究回顾性分析14例AMKL患者的临床资料并进行文献复习,以期提高临床医师对AMKL的认识。
回顾性分析2016年1月-2021年5月福建医科大学附属协和医院、赣南医学院第一附属医院收治的共14例AMKL患者的临床资料。AMKL的诊断参照WHO分型诊断标准:骨髓原始细胞≥20%,其中≥50%的原始细胞来源于巨核系;原始细胞表达CD41、CD42、CD61或Ⅷ因子;骨髓活检结果示网状纤维增多抑或提示骨髓纤维化。纳入标准:(1)临床表现符合AML且为入院后新诊断为AMKL,未在外院接受过任何临床干预;(2)经外周血涂片、骨髓常规(细胞化学染色)、骨髓病理活检、流式免疫分型,以及分子生物学检查等血液病经典诊断手段予以明确的初诊AMKL。排除标准:(1)由其他恶性血液疾病转化的AMKL;(2)既往有其他恶性肿瘤病史(复合癌或多重癌);(3)复发AMKL;(4)治疗相关(化疗后或移植后)AMKL。本研究经福建医科大学附属协和医院、赣南医学院第一附属医院医学伦理委员会审批(2019KY096、LLSC-2021071601)。
所有患者入院后均完善骨髓穿刺活检,骨髓涂片进行形态学及细胞化学染色,骨髓活检组织进行免疫组织化学染色;同时留取相应骨髓标本完善免疫分型检测(流式细胞术)、遗传学(染色体)及分子生物学(如融合、突变基因)检测等,待上述结果回报后进行综合诊断。
14例AMKL患者中,6例采用IA方案(IDA+Ara-C),3例采用FLAG-IDA方案(Flu+Ara-C+G-CSF+IDA)联合腰穿鞘注防治中枢神经系统白血病(central nervous system leukemia,CNSL),2例采用阿扎胞苷去甲基化治疗,1例采用地西他滨+CAG方案,余2例于骨髓形态学初步诊断后放弃治疗。
14例AMKL患者中,男9例(64.3%),女5例(35.7%);儿童患者(<14岁)6例(42.9%),男4例,女2例,中位年龄2岁(13个月至6岁);成人患者8例(57.1%),男5例,女3例,中位年龄57(19~78)岁。初诊时三系减低8例(57.1%),伴贫血症状12例(85.7%),出血症状10例(71.4%),发热10例(71.4%),肝脾肿大5例(35.7%),淋巴结肿大2例(14.3%),血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)升高11例(78.6%)。外周血血常规计数显示白细胞计数(WBC)为3.31(0.52~54.85)×109/L,血红蛋白(Hb)为63.5(39~101) g/L,血小板计数(PLT)为42.5(6~104)×109/L(表1)。
骨髓形态学检查结果显示,14例骨髓增生程度不一,骨髓涂片可见大小不等、圆形或类圆形且边缘不齐、呈毛刺或云雾状突起的原始巨核细胞,细胞质不丰富,呈蓝色不透明且着色不均,可见伪足样凸起,个别细胞可见少许空泡或颗粒,亦见凹陷、扭曲等,染色质细腻或呈颗粒状,但部分核仁不清晰,部分细胞边缘可见聚集性血小板。过氧化物酶(Pox)染色、非特异性酯酶(AS-DCE)、热盐水试验均为阴性,糖原染色(PAS)可见块状阳性,α-乙酸萘酚酯酶染色(α-NAE)可见阳性,并可被氟化钠抑制试验(NAF)所抑制(图1)。
14例AMKL患者中,2例未完善流式细胞术,余12例中,巨核系抗原CD41、CD61、CD42b表达阳性分别为9例(75.0%)、8例(66.7%)、5例(41.7%),髓系抗原CD13、CD33、HLA-DR表达阳性均为8例(66.7%),CD117表达阳性为7例(58.3%)(表2)。
14例AMKL患者中,除2例未行染色体核型分析及融合/突变基因检测外,余12例均已完善。3例(25.0%)染色体核型正常,6例(50.0%)伴复杂核型,4例(33.3%)伴+21(21三体)染色体核型,4例(33.3%)伴+8染色体核型,4例(33.3%)伴+19染色体核型;9例(75.0%)伴WT1高表达,3例(25.0%)伴EVI1突变,3例(25.0%)伴TP53突变(表3)。
疗效评估参考《血液病诊断及疗效标准》。14例AMKL患者中,2例在骨髓形态学初步诊断后放弃治疗。采取临床治疗措施的12例患者中,1例化疗未达1个疗程自动出院后死亡;余11例完成标准诱导化疗方案(含2例去甲基化治疗),除2例(18.2%)死于化疗后骨髓抑制所致的重症感染外,1个疗程后达到完全缓解(CR) 4例(36.4%),2个疗程后达到CR 5例(45.5%),2例于CR后在外院行异基因造血干细胞移植。采用电子住院病历系统跟进患者最近返院复查的指标及住院治疗情况,并通过电话方式进行随访,随访截至2022年3月14日,结果显示,在接受完整且规范治疗后尚存活的9例中,1个疗程CR 1年内复发后死亡3例(33.3%,含1例骨髓移植后复发),2个疗程CR 1年内复发后死亡5例(55.6%),余1例(11.1%)骨髓移植后至今19个月仍存活,未发生疾病进展或复发。
通过检索美国PubMed、中国知网数据库,采用中文关键词“急性巨核细胞白血病”“急性髓系白血病M7”和英文关键词“acute megakaryocytic leukemia”“Acute Myeloid Leukemia M7”进行检索。2002-2022年,国外AMKL报道253篇,中国(不包括港澳台地区)AMKL报道97篇。中国(不包括港澳台地区)以个案或短篇报道为主,排除会议论文、高校学位论文等非正式发表以及缺少诊疗、预后随访数据的学术论文,总病例数共249例。对纳入文献的临床资料特征、辅助检查、诊治经过及预后随访等分析如下。
249例AMKL患者中,男153例(61.4%),女96例(38.6%),年龄0~74岁,儿童患者多见于0~3岁。AMKL患者首发症状为乏力186例(74.7%)、发热161例(64.7%)、皮肤黏膜出血155例(62.2%)、肝脾肿大119例(47.8%)、淋巴结肿大58例(23.3%)。由其他血液病转化16例(6.4%),其中6例由慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)转化,4例由骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)转化,3例由骨髓纤维化(MF)转化,2例由原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)转化,1例由急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)转化。
249例患者均完善血常规检查,所有患者均存在不同程度的外周血细胞异常。其中86例(34.5%)伴两系减低,163例(65.5%)存在三系减低;62例(24.9%)确诊为唐氏综合征。完善骨髓穿刺术的AMKL患者中,98.2%存在巨核细胞抗原(CD41、CD61、CD42b)阳性表达;完善细胞遗传学检测的患者中,76.1%存在染色体核型异常;完善分子生物学检测的AMKL患者中,存在多基因融合或突变等分子生物学异常。
249例AMKL患者中,187例(75.1%)予标准诱导化疗方案,23例(9.2%)予靶向治疗或表观遗传学治疗,39例(15.7%)于确诊后放弃治疗。在接受治疗者中,52例(24.8%)行造血干细胞移植。249例中,尚存活24例(9.6%),死亡225例(90.4%),死因包括化疗后病情进展或复发164例(72.9%)、移植后复发35例(15.6%)、重症感染19例(8.4%)以及致命性出血7例(3.1%)。
AMKL是一种起源于造血干细胞并以分化阻滞于原始巨核细胞过度异常增殖为特征表现的高度异质性AML[3],约占所有AML的1%[4],于1931年由Von Boros首次报道[5]。在随后的数十年里,由于AMKL临床罕见且缺乏准确、可靠的诊断标准,致使其诊断率较低。1978年,Breton-Gorius等[6]利用电镜技术及血小板过氧化物酶(PPO)辅助诊断AMKL,在一定程度上提高了AMKL诊断的准确率。1985年,AMKL被正式列入FAB分型的AML-M7型[7],且WHO于2008年制定了AMKL诊断的精确标准[8],即骨髓原始细胞≥20%,且>50%骨髓原始细胞来源于巨核系,或通过骨髓穿刺活检术检测到血小板特异性抗原,包括Ⅷ因子、CD41、CD42及CD61。然而,由于AMKL在临床的罕见性与高度异质性,对于AML常规免疫流式细胞术分型检测常会省略CD41、CD42及CD61等抗原的检测,这可能导致临床部分AMKL患者漏诊。
由于AMKL发病率低、预后欠佳,约1/3的AMKL患者伴随肝脾肿大,但一般淋巴结肿大较少[9-10]。本组患者入院查体时发现肝脾肿大5例(35.7%),淋巴结肿大2例(14.3%),与既往研究结果一致。通常AMKL患者以全血细胞减少尤其是PLT减少就诊,且AMKL的致病机制很可能是骨髓原始巨核系增殖失控继而抑制正常造血功能。本组14例患者均出现血细胞异常,8例(57.1%)首诊时即为三系减低,12例(85.7%)PLT低于正常下限,其中4例(28.6%)PLT重度减低。此外,多数AMKL患者在进行骨髓穿刺时易出现“干抽”甚至取材不佳等情况,从而影响疾病的诊断,且骨髓活检结果多提示异常巨核细胞增殖和广泛骨髓纤维化,在临床上极易造成漏诊、误诊。本组14例均接受骨髓穿刺活检,其中8例(57.1%)入院后进行骨髓穿刺时出现取材困难,甚至出现“干抽”情况,继而骨髓病理检查提示伴有“骨髓纤维化”,与既往研究结果基本一致[11-12]。通过电镜观察巨核细胞超微结构以及检测PPO阳性反应情况,有助于鉴别和区分MDS、ITP以及骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPN)等,从而提高AMKL的诊断率[11]
AMKL的细胞遗传学谱复杂,且多见于DS患儿,是DS患儿最常见的恶性血液病[13]。AMKL通常可分为DS-AMKL、非DS相关AMKL(non-DS-AMKL)以及成人AMKL[14]。DS-AMKL的遗传学及分子生物学特征为21三体(T21)和GATA1突变,并伴随染色质调节因子如内聚蛋白亚基EZH2或JAK/STAT和RAS通路信号分子突变等[15]。然而,non-DS-AMKL通常不携带GATA1突变,但易伴随细胞遗传学染色体易位,继而导致相关致癌驱动基因或融合蛋白的表达,使non-DS-AMKL患者预后显著差于DS-AMKL患者[16]。本研究中无一例为DS-AMKL,但4例(33.3%)携带+21(21三体)染色体核型,且6例(50%)伴复杂核型,4例(33.3%)伴+8染色体核型,4例(33.3%)伴+19染色体核型,表明AMKL患者极易出现细胞遗传学染色体异常,但无规律性。值得注意的是,由于AMKL是伴细胞遗传学与分子生物学异常的非特异性恶性血液病,相关研究证实其可由其他血液病转化而来[17-18],且极少数患者可因治疗血液肿瘤而继发治疗相关性AMKL[19],提示临床工作中需关注患者既往血液病史及治疗史,避免漏诊或误诊。
尽管近年来AMKL的诊断已取得较大进展,但治疗并未有突破,仍是一种长期生存率低、预后极差的恶性血液病。采用常规标准诱导化疗方案治疗AMKL效果差、缓解率低且极易复发,目前学术界尚无公认、统一且有效的治疗手段与方案。有研究发现,表观遗传学异常及特殊靶基因改变在AMKL中发挥着至关重要的作用,联合表观遗传学药物及靶向治疗可使患者受益[20-21]。此外,也有研究发现,Ara-C联合蒽环类药物可使近50%的AMKL患者获得CR,患者在首次CR后行造血干细胞移植可提高生存率[22-23]。本研究中2例于诱导化疗CR后行异基因造血干细胞移植,1例骨髓移植后至今19个月仍存活,未发生疾病进展或复发,与上述研究结果一致。值得关注的是,本研究最新的随访数据显示,14例中,除1例骨髓移植后尚存活、1例失访外,余12例均死亡,表明AMKL是一种对常规化疗不敏感、易复发、预后极差、生存率低的恶性血液病,对于尚存活患者的远期预后仍需长期随访。
综上所述,AMKL的临床表现无特异性,且症状及体征复杂多变,常规检测手段难以区分诊断,亟需通过骨髓细胞形态学联合细胞化学及组织病理学、完整的流式免疫分型检测、细胞遗传学(染色体核型分析、荧光原位杂交FISH)、分子生物学检测及电镜技术等综合辅助其诊断及鉴别,进而提升诊断准确率。在治疗方面,应首选参加临床研究试验,同时密切监测可检测残留病(measurable residual disease,MRD),根据患者对治疗的耐受性、遗传学危险度分层及治疗后MRD动态调整治疗手段。当然,除标准诱导化疗外,若条件允许,亦可联用表观遗传学药物或靶向治疗,在获得首次CR时应尽早行造血干细胞移植,最大程度改善患者预后。由于本研究样本量较少、随访时间较短,今后应积极从分子生物学靶点或遗传学角度开展更为深入的探索和研究,为AMKL的临床诊断和治疗、基础研究,以及致病机制的阐明提供借鉴与参考。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(82073582)
  • 广东省教育厅高校特色创新项目(2020KTSCX048)
  • 广东医科大学学科建设项目(4SG22003G)
  • 广东医科大学学科建设项目(4SG21209G)
  • 广东医科大学科技创新专项计划项目(4SG22046G)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Dima D, Oprita L, Rosu AM, et al. Adult acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: rare association with cytopenias of undetermined significance and p210 and p190 BCR-ABL transcripts[J]. Onco Targets Ther, 2017, 10: 5047-5051.
[2]
Gruber TA, Downing JR. The biology of pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia[J]. Blood, 2015, 126(8): 943-949.
[3]
Vukadin L, Kim JH, Park EY, et al. SON inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation via repressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia[J]. Cancer Gene Ther, 2021, 28(9): 1000-1015.
[4]
Liu T, Zhang Z, Yu C, et al. Tetrandrine antagonizes acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia growth by forcing autophagy-mediated differentiation[J]. Br J Pharmacol, 2017, 174(23):4308-4328.
[5]
Von Boros J, Korenyi A. Uber einen fall von akuter megakaryocyblasten-leukamie, zugleich einige bemerkungen zum Problem der akuten leukemie[J]. Z Klin Med, 1931, 118:679-718. [In German].
[6]
Breton-Gorius J, Reyes F, Duhamel G, et al. Megakaryoblastic acute leukemia: Identification by the ultrastructural demonstration of platelet peroxidase[J]. Blood, 1978, 51(1): 45-60.
[7]
Bennett JM, Catovsky D, Daniel MT, et al. Criteria for the diagnosis of acute leukemia of megakaryocyte lineage (M7). A report of the French-American-British Cooperative Group[J]. Ann Intern Med, 1985, 103(3): 460-462.
[8]
Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues[M]. Lyon: IARC Press, 2008: 272-273.
[9]
Liu YT, Hui Y, Lin D, et al. Clinical analysis of 13 cases of adult acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. Chin J Pract Intern Med, 2022, 42(1): 69-72.
[刘云涛, 惠岩, 林冬, 等. 成人急性巨核细胞白血病13例临床分析[J]. 中国实用内科杂志, 2022, 42(1):69-72.]
[10]
Luo TM, Yu J, An XZ. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute megakaryocytic leukemia in children[J]. Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2021, 23(6): 613-620.
[罗铁梅, 于洁, 安曦洲. 儿童急性巨核细胞白血病临床特点及预后分析[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2021, 23(6): 613-620.]
[11]
Dong S, Zhao S, Wang Y, et al. Analysis on the laboratory examination characteristics in 22 patients with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia[J]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi, 2016, 37(4): 297-301.
[12]
Zhao G, Wu W, Wang X, et al. Clinical diagnosis of adult patients with acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. Oncol Lett, 2018, 16(6): 6988-6997.
[13]
Grimm J, Heckl D, Klusmann JH. Molecular mechanisms of the genetic predisposition to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in infants with Down syndrome[J]. Front Oncol, 2021, 11: 636633.
[14]
Asahito H, Hideki M, Hideki M, et al. Molecular lesions in childhood and adult acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia[J]. Br J Haematol, 2012, 156(3): 316-325.
[15]
McNulty M, Crispino JD. Acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med, 2020, 10(2): a034884.
[16]
Wang Y, Lu AD, Jia Y, et al. Outcome and prognostic features in pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia without Down syndrome: A retrospective study in China[J]. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk, 2021, 21(4): e301-e308.
[17]
Ding W, Li D, Zhuang C, et al. Essential thrombocythemia during treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with JAK2 V617F mutation: A case report of a CARE-compliant article[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2018, 97(27): e11331.
[18]
Kagotho E, Chang H. CML in megakaryocytic transformation and extramedullary infiltration[J]. Blood, 2020, 135(7): 514.
[19]
Yoshino H, Gemma Y, Miyazawa N, et al. Therapy-related acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with severe myelofibrosis[J]. Pediatr Int, 2022, 64(1): e14842.
[20]
Malinge S, Chlon T, Doré LC, et al. Development of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in Down syndrome is associated with sequential epigenetic changes[J]. Blood, 2013, 122(14):e33-e43.
[21]
Caldwell JT, Edwards H, Dombkowski AA, et al. Overexpression of GATA1 confers resistance to chemotherapy in acute megakaryocytic leukemia[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(7): e68601.
[22]
Adachi Y, Yamaguchi Y, Sagou K, et al. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia developing as donor cell leukemia after umbilical cord blood transplantation[J]. Intern Med, 2018, 57(4): 569-574.
[23]
Ishiyama K, Yamaguchi T, Eto T, et al. Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, unlike acute erythroid leukemia, predicts an unfavorable outcome after allogeneic HSCT[J]. Leuk Res, 2016, 47: 47-53.
2022年第47卷第10期
PDF下载
179
67
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006
  • 接收时间:2021-12-18
  • 首发时间:2025-12-15
  • 出版时间:2022-10-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-18
  • 录用日期:2022-04-04
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073582)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(82073582)
Special Innovation Project of General Colleges and Universities of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(2020KTSCX048)
广东省教育厅高校特色创新项目(2020KTSCX048)
Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical University(4SG22003G)
广东医科大学学科建设项目(4SG22003G)
Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical University(4SG21209G)
广东医科大学学科建设项目(4SG21209G)
Special Program for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Guangdong Medical University(4SG22046G)
广东医科大学科技创新专项计划项目(4SG22046G)
作者信息
    1广东医科大学研究生院第一临床医学院血液内科/广东省环境与职业医学研究所/东莞市环境医学重点实验室,广东东莞 523808
    2福建医科大学附属协和医院血液病研究所,福建福州 350001

通讯作者:

唐焕文,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.10.1006
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏