Article(id=1206995862044098907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1206995859061952854, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.12.1232, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1645459200000, receivedDateStr=2022-02-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1656950400000, acceptedDateStr=2022-07-05, onlineDate=1765699838410, onlineDateStr=2025-12-14, pubDate=1672156800000, pubDateStr=2022-12-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765699838410, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765699838410, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765699838410, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1206995859061952854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2022', volume='47', issue='12', pageStart='1169', pageEnd='1270', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1765699837699, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765700204449, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1206997397385859947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1206995859061952854, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1206997397385859948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1206995859061952854, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1232, endPage=1240, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1206995862388031838, articleId=1206995862044098907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Construction of a predictive model for the risk of new-onset overt hepatic encephalopathy after admission in patients with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the factors influencing hospitalized new-onset overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) in hospitalized patients with hepatitis B-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF), and to construct an individualized risk prediction model. Methods A total of 310 HBV-ACLF patients admitted to Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University from December 2016 to December 2020 were selected, and divided into non-hepatic encephalopathy group(n=236), hepatic encephalopathy group (n=74) according to whether OHE occurred after admission. The general data, laboratory test indicators, and model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores were compared between the two groups; univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the factors influencing the hospitalized new-onset OHE in HBV-ACLF patients after admission. A nomogram model was constructed with the influencing factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve and the calibration curve was used to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the model, and decision curve analysis(DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical validity of the model. Results Compared with the non-hepatic encephalopathy group, the baseline international normalized ratio [2.71(2.20, 3.44) vs. 1.98(1.70, 2.55)], serum alanine aminotransferase [987.50(450.50,1538.00) U/L vs. 561.00(191.00, 1090.50) U/L], blood aspartate aminotransferase [830.00(257.75, 1518.25) U/L vs. 381.00(153.50, 872.00) U/L], plasma Ammonia [71.75(57.75, 109.50) μmol/L vs. 57.00(41.80, 79.60) μmol/L], white blood cell count [7.93(6.43, 9.74)×109/L vs. 6.62(5.33, 8.16)×109/L], hemoglobin [136.50 (126.25, 151.50) g/L vs. 126.00(115.00,143.00) g/L], and the proportion of patients in intermediate and advanced stages (56.8% vs. 23.3%) of the hepatic encephalopathy group were higher, the difference was statistically significant; the alpha-fetoprotein level was lower [56.33(23.61, 139.03) ng/L vs. 88.25(31.32, 216.88) ng/L, P=0.033], the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline international normalized ratio (OR=2.56, 95%CI 1.61-4.30, P<0.001), age (OR=1.06, 95%CI 1.02-1.10, P=0.003), plasma ammonia (OR=1.02, 95%CI 1.01-1.03, P=0.005), blood white blood cell count (OR=1.24, 95%CI 1.07-1.43, P=0.003), hemoglobin (OR=1.03, 95%CI 1.00-1.05, P=0.026) were the independent influencing factors of hospitalized new-onset OHE in HBV-ACLF patients. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the nomogram model established in this study was 0.848(95%CI 0.798-0.897), and the MELD model was 0.723(95%CI 0.654-0.793). The maximum bias (Emax)=0.143 and the minimum bias (Eavg=0.041 between the nomogram model and the ideal model, the model has a good degree of discrimination,S:p=0.676. Through the calibration test, the model predicted value is consistent with the actual value. The performance was good, the decision curve showed that the threshold was in the range of 0.05 to 1.0, and the net benefit rate of the nomogram model was higher than that of the MELD model. Conclusions Age, international normalized ratio, white blood cell count, plasma ammonia, and hemoglobin are the factors influencing hospitalized new-onset OHE in HBV-ACLF patients. Nomogram constructed from five independent influencing factors can more accurately predict the risk of hospitalized new-onset OHE in this population, thus having a good clinical application value.
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目的 探索乙型肝炎相关慢加急性肝衰竭(HBV-ACLF)患者住院期间新发显性肝性脑病(OHE)的影响因素,并构建个体化风险预测模型。方法 选取福建医科大学孟超肝胆医院2016年12月-2020年12月收治的310例HBV-ACLF患者,按入院后是否发生OHE分为无肝性脑病组(n=236)、肝性脑病组(n=74)。比较两组患者的一般资料、实验室检查指标及终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分等,采用单因素及多因素logistic回归分析HBV-ACLF患者入院后新发OHE的影响因素;采用独立影响因素构建Nomogram模型,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及校准曲线评价模型的区分度及校准度,决策曲线分析法(DCA)评估模型的临床有效性。结果 与无肝性脑病组比较,肝性脑病组的国际标准化比值[2.71(2.20,3.44) vs. 1.98(1.70,2.55)]、谷丙转氨酶[987.50(450.50,1538.00) U/L vs.561.00(191.00,1090.50) U/L]、谷草转氨酶[830.00(257.75,1518.25) U/L vs. 381.00(153.50,872.00) U/L]、血浆氨[71.75(57.75,109.50) μmol/L vs. 57.00(41.80,79.60) μmol/L]、白细胞计数[7.93(6.43,9.74)×109/L vs. 6.62(5.33,8.16)×109/L]、血红蛋白[136.50(126.25,151.50) g/L vs.126.00(115.00,143.00) g/L]及中晚期患者占比(56.8% vs. 23.3%)均较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),甲胎蛋白水平较低[56.33(23.61~139.03) ng/L vs. 88.25(31.32~216.88) ng/L],差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,国际标准化比值(OR=2.56,95%CI 1.61~4.30,P<0.001)、年龄(OR=1.06,95%CI 1.02~1.10,P=0.003)、血浆氨(OR=1.02,95%CI 1.01~1.03,P=0.005)、白细胞计数(OR=1.24,95%CI 1.07~1.43,P=0.003)、血红蛋白(OR=1.03,95%CI 1.00~1.05,P=0.026)是HBV-ACLF患者出现新发OHE的独立影响因素。本研究建立的Nomogram模型的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.848(95%CI 0.798~0.897),MELD模型的AUC为0.723(95%CI 0.654~0.793)。Nomogram模型与理想模型的最大偏倚(Emax)=0.143,最小偏倚(Eavg)=0.041,模型有良好的区分度,S:p=0.676>0.05,通过校准度检验,模型预测值与实际值结果的一致性良好,决策曲线显示阈值在0.05~1.0范围内,列线图模型的净获益率均高于MELD模型。结论 年龄、国际标准化比值、白细胞计数、血浆氨及血红蛋白是HBV-ACLF患者住院期间新发OHE的影响因素,由这5个独立影响因素构建的Nomogram模型能较准确地预测该人群住院期间新发OHE的风险,具有良好的临床应用价值。
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林建辉,医学硕士,副主任医师,主要从事肝衰竭等终末期肝脏疾病的临床及基础研究
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1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1207064332119134411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, authorId=1207064331963945160, language=CN, stringName=林建辉, firstName=建辉, middleName=null, lastName=林, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1福建医科大学孟超肝胆医院重症医学科,福建福州 350001, bio={"content":"
林建辉,医学硕士,副主任医师,主要从事肝衰竭等终末期肝脏疾病的临床及基础研究
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林建辉,医学硕士,副主任医师,主要从事肝衰竭等终末期肝脏疾病的临床及基础研究
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Comparison of two ROC curves for the model-MELD and model-Nomogram, figureFileSmall=8O/Urbqu/xtUIhA03CSQ0w==, figureFileBig=d78qXj/L0tNJzBbVPmx+Hw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064336019837286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
MELD及Nomogram模型的ROC曲线, figureFileSmall=8O/Urbqu/xtUIhA03CSQ0w==, figureFileBig=d78qXj/L0tNJzBbVPmx+Hw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064336112111978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Calibration curve of the nomogram of new-onset overt hepatic encephalopathy after admission in HBV-ACLF patients, figureFileSmall=r/UbNajLSL/l3MzLD3jUhg==, figureFileBig=OK8zvsOX+KNPwoo5k+6TPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064336212775278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
HBV-ACLF患者入院后新发显性肝性脑病Nomogram模型的校准曲线, figureFileSmall=r/UbNajLSL/l3MzLD3jUhg==, figureFileBig=OK8zvsOX+KNPwoo5k+6TPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064336305049970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Decision curve analysis for MELD and Nomogram risk prediction models, figureFileSmall=tpAPEg4ZfpeqiiQil5l2YQ==, figureFileBig=RjbdFpQFzsj39kH21Evyqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064336388936052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
MELD模型与Nomogram模型的决策曲线分析, figureFileSmall=tpAPEg4ZfpeqiiQil5l2YQ==, figureFileBig=RjbdFpQFzsj39kH21Evyqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064336535736696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=
Comparison of general data of HBV-ACLF patients between two groups
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 总计(n=310) | 无肝性脑病组(n=236) | 肝性脑病组(n=74) | Z/χ2 | P |
|---|
| 年龄[岁,M(Q1, Q3)] | 44(37, 53) | 43(36, 52) | 48(37, 54) | 1.801 | 0.073 |
| 性别[例(%)] | | | | 0.312 | 0.579 |
| | 男 | 264 (85.2) | 199 (84.3) | 65 (87.8) |
| | 女 | 46 (14.8) | 37 (15.7) | 9 (12.2) |
| 总胆红素[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 362.65(302.70, 452.12) | 359.35(302.23, 434.18) | 377.85(305.53, 488.32) | 1.231 | 0.218 |
| INR[M(Q1, Q3)] | 2.12(1.74, 2.75) | 1.98(1.70, 2.55) | 2.71(2.20, 3.44) | 6.190 | <0.001 |
| 肌酐[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 68.00(60.00, 75.00) | 68.00(60.75, 75.00) | 66.00(58.25, 79.00) | 0.562 | 0.574 |
| 谷草转氨酶[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 455.00(168.00, 1017.00) | 381.00(153.50, 872.00) | 830.00(257.75, 1518.25) | 3.960 | <0.001 |
| 谷丙转氨酶[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 679.00(232.00, 1162.00) | 561.00(191.00, 1090.50) | 987.50(450.50, 1538.00) | 3.831 | <0.001 |
| 血钾[mmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 3.91(3.58, 4.25) | 3.89(3.57, 4.24) | 3.93(3.62, 4.29) | 0.573 | 0.569 |
| 血钠[mmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 136.00(134.00, 138.00) | 137.00(134.00, 139.00) | 136.00(134.00, 138.00) | 0.760 | 0.446 |
| 血浆氨[mmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 62.00(44.90, 87.50) | 57.00(41.80, 79.60) | 71.75(57.75, 109.50) | 4.331 | <0.001 |
| 白细胞计数[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 6.86(5.49, 8.65) | 6.62(5.33, 8.16) | 7.93(6.43, 9.74) | 3.732 | <0.001 |
| 血红蛋白[g/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 129.00(117.00, 144.75) | 126.00(115.00, 143.00) | 136.50(126.25, 151.50) | 3.641 | <0.001 |
| 血小板计数[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 110.00(81.00, 147.00) | 110.00(80.75, 147.00) | 110.00(84.25, 145.50) | 0.501 | 0.616 |
| 甲胎蛋白[ng/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 82.20(28.82, 193.99) | 88.25(31.32, 216.88) | 56.33(23.61, 139.03) | 2.130 | 0.033 |
| MELD评分[M(Q1, Q3)] | 24.34(21.45, 27.33) | 23.60(21.07, 26.70) | 26.97(24.52, 30.14) | 5.732 | <0.001 |
| 肝硬化[例(%)] | 131(42.3) | 98(41.5) | 33(44.6) | 0.111 | 0.740 |
| 2型糖尿病[例(%)] | 39(12.6) | 27(11.4) | 12(16.2) | 0.770 | 0.379 |
| 高血压[例(%)] | 30(9.7) | 20(8.5) | 10(13.5) | 0.112 | 0.292 |
| 病情分期[例(%)] | | | | 27.780 | <0.001 |
| | 早期 | 213(68.7) | 181(76.7) | 32(43.2) |
| | 中晚期 | 97(31.3) | 55(23.3) | 42(56.8) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1207064336640594300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
两组HBV-ACLF患者一般资料比较
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 总计(n=310) | 无肝性脑病组(n=236) | 肝性脑病组(n=74) | Z/χ2 | P |
|---|
| 年龄[岁,M(Q1, Q3)] | 44(37, 53) | 43(36, 52) | 48(37, 54) | 1.801 | 0.073 |
| 性别[例(%)] | | | | 0.312 | 0.579 |
| | 男 | 264 (85.2) | 199 (84.3) | 65 (87.8) |
| | 女 | 46 (14.8) | 37 (15.7) | 9 (12.2) |
| 总胆红素[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 362.65(302.70, 452.12) | 359.35(302.23, 434.18) | 377.85(305.53, 488.32) | 1.231 | 0.218 |
| INR[M(Q1, Q3)] | 2.12(1.74, 2.75) | 1.98(1.70, 2.55) | 2.71(2.20, 3.44) | 6.190 | <0.001 |
| 肌酐[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 68.00(60.00, 75.00) | 68.00(60.75, 75.00) | 66.00(58.25, 79.00) | 0.562 | 0.574 |
| 谷草转氨酶[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 455.00(168.00, 1017.00) | 381.00(153.50, 872.00) | 830.00(257.75, 1518.25) | 3.960 | <0.001 |
| 谷丙转氨酶[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 679.00(232.00, 1162.00) | 561.00(191.00, 1090.50) | 987.50(450.50, 1538.00) | 3.831 | <0.001 |
| 血钾[mmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 3.91(3.58, 4.25) | 3.89(3.57, 4.24) | 3.93(3.62, 4.29) | 0.573 | 0.569 |
| 血钠[mmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 136.00(134.00, 138.00) | 137.00(134.00, 139.00) | 136.00(134.00, 138.00) | 0.760 | 0.446 |
| 血浆氨[mmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 62.00(44.90, 87.50) | 57.00(41.80, 79.60) | 71.75(57.75, 109.50) | 4.331 | <0.001 |
| 白细胞计数[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 6.86(5.49, 8.65) | 6.62(5.33, 8.16) | 7.93(6.43, 9.74) | 3.732 | <0.001 |
| 血红蛋白[g/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 129.00(117.00, 144.75) | 126.00(115.00, 143.00) | 136.50(126.25, 151.50) | 3.641 | <0.001 |
| 血小板计数[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 110.00(81.00, 147.00) | 110.00(80.75, 147.00) | 110.00(84.25, 145.50) | 0.501 | 0.616 |
| 甲胎蛋白[ng/L, M(Q1, Q3)] | 82.20(28.82, 193.99) | 88.25(31.32, 216.88) | 56.33(23.61, 139.03) | 2.130 | 0.033 |
| MELD评分[M(Q1, Q3)] | 24.34(21.45, 27.33) | 23.60(21.07, 26.70) | 26.97(24.52, 30.14) | 5.732 | <0.001 |
| 肝硬化[例(%)] | 131(42.3) | 98(41.5) | 33(44.6) | 0.111 | 0.740 |
| 2型糖尿病[例(%)] | 39(12.6) | 27(11.4) | 12(16.2) | 0.770 | 0.379 |
| 高血压[例(%)] | 30(9.7) | 20(8.5) | 10(13.5) | 0.112 | 0.292 |
| 病情分期[例(%)] | | | | 27.780 | <0.001 |
| | 早期 | 213(68.7) | 181(76.7) | 32(43.2) |
| | 中晚期 | 97(31.3) | 55(23.3) | 42(56.8) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1207064336720286078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of new-onset overt hepatic encephalopathy in HBV-ACLF patients after admission
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 单因素logistic回归分析 | 多因素logistic回归分析 |
|---|
| 未校正OR(95%CI) | P | 校正OR(95%CI) | P |
|---|
| 年龄 | 1.02(1.00~1.05) | 0.134 | 1.06(1.02~1.10) | 0.003 |
| INR | 3.02(2.07~4.57) | <0.001 | 2.56(1.61~4.30) | <0.001 |
| 血浆氨 | 1.02(1.01~1.03) | <0.001 | 1.02(1.01~1.03) | 0.005 |
| 谷草转氨酶 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | <0.001 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.094 |
| 谷丙转氨酶 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | <0.001 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.835 |
| 白细胞计数 | 1.22(1.10~1.37) | <0.001 | 1.24(1.07~1.43) | 0.003 |
| 血红蛋白 | 1.03(1.01~1.04) | <0.001 | 1.03(1.00~1.05) | 0.026 |
| 甲胎蛋白 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.096 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.458 |
| 病情分期(中晚期) | 2.44(1.30~4.83) | 0.007 | 1.97(0.89~4.56) | 0.100 |
), ArticleFig(id=1207064336799977855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995862044098907, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
HBV-ACLF患者入院后新发显性肝性脑病的单因素及多因素logistic回归分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 指标 | 单因素logistic回归分析 | 多因素logistic回归分析 |
|---|
| 未校正OR(95%CI) | P | 校正OR(95%CI) | P |
|---|
| 年龄 | 1.02(1.00~1.05) | 0.134 | 1.06(1.02~1.10) | 0.003 |
| INR | 3.02(2.07~4.57) | <0.001 | 2.56(1.61~4.30) | <0.001 |
| 血浆氨 | 1.02(1.01~1.03) | <0.001 | 1.02(1.01~1.03) | 0.005 |
| 谷草转氨酶 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | <0.001 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.094 |
| 谷丙转氨酶 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | <0.001 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.835 |
| 白细胞计数 | 1.22(1.10~1.37) | <0.001 | 1.24(1.07~1.43) | 0.003 |
| 血红蛋白 | 1.03(1.01~1.04) | <0.001 | 1.03(1.00~1.05) | 0.026 |
| 甲胎蛋白 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.096 | 1.00(1.00~1.00) | 0.458 |
| 病情分期(中晚期) | 2.44(1.30~4.83) | 0.007 | 1.97(0.89~4.56) | 0.100 |
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