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Article(id=1206995210140205988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1206995206415668023, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.11.1144, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1631203200000, receivedDateStr=2021-09-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1648224000000, acceptedDateStr=2022-03-26, onlineDate=1765699682983, onlineDateStr=2025-12-14, pubDate=1669564800000, pubDateStr=2022-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765699682983, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-14, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765699682983, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765699682983, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1206995206415668023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2022', volume='47', issue='11', pageStart='1063', pageEnd='1167', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1765699682092, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765700231511, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1206997510904693630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1206995206415668023, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1206997510908887935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1206995206415668023, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1144, endPage=1151, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1206995210417030056, articleId=1206995210140205988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Clinicopathological analysis and literature review of 5 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To report the clinicopathological features and treatment of 5 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid and review the literature for improving the understanding to this disease. Methods The clinical data of 5 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid collected in the Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (3 cases) and Dongyang People's Hospital (2 cases) from January 2009 to December 2020, and retrospectively analyzed by clinical features, microscopic appearance and immunohistochemical stains. The clinicopathological features and treatment methods of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid were summarized based on combined literature reports and retrieval of relevant literature databases of 28 patients. Results Case 1 and case 5 were primary ovarian strumal carcinoid, case 2 and case 4 were primary ovarian strumal carcinoid mixed with cystic teratoma. In addition, mucinous carcinoid was also seen in case 2. Case 3 was primary ovarian strumal carcinoid mixed with mucinous carcinoid. Immunohistochemical found the thyroid follicles of all the 5 cases were positive for thyroid markers, the carcinoid components were positive for neuroendocrine markers and somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2). Mucinous carcinoid of both case 2 and case 3 were positive for synaptophysin (Syn), chromogranin A (CgA) and caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2(CDX2). The Ki-67 proliferation index of all the 5 cases were less than 2%. In addition, the thyroid follicles of 5 cases also showed different levels of expression for neuroendocrine markers. During follow-up, 4 cases showed no recurrence or metastasis, and one case lost. A total of 28 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid were searched in PubMed from 1971 to 2021 and SEER database from 1988 to 2011. The mean age of the patients was 51 and 46 years old. Except for one case of lymph node metastasis and one case of death, no tumor recurrence and metastasis were found during follow-up. Conclusions Primary ovarian strumal carcinoid is a kind of rare ovarian tumor. Some cases can be mixed with cystic teratoma and mucinous carcinoid. The patients often show no typical clinical symptoms. Missed diagnosis should be avoided during pathological sampling and diagnosis. Surgical methods that retain more organ functions are recommended in stage Ⅰ patients. The prognosis is generally excellent but long-term follow-up is needed to exclude recurrence and occult metastasis.

, correspAuthors=Ying Yuan, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
*E-mail:
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目的 报道5例原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌的临床病理特征及治疗方式并进行文献复习，以提高对该病的认识。方法 回顾性分析2009年1月－2020年12月浙江大学医学院附属金华医院收治的3例及东阳市人民医院收治的2例原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌患者的临床资料、镜下形态、免疫组织化学表型。结合文献报道的28例患者，总结原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌的临床病理特点及治疗方式。结果 例1和例5为原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌，例2和例4为原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌合并囊性畸胎瘤(其中例2尚伴黏液型类癌)，例3为原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌伴黏液型类癌。5例患者甲状腺肿类癌的甲状腺滤泡成分免疫组织化学染色均呈甲状腺标记物阳性，类癌成分免疫组织化学染色均呈神经内分泌标记物及生长抑素受体2(SSTR2)阳性，例2和例3中黏液型类癌均呈突触素(Syn)阳性、嗜铬素A(CgA)阳性、CDX2阳性。5例患者肿瘤Ki-67增殖指数均<2%。此外，5例患者的甲状腺滤泡不同程度地表达神经内分泌标记物。4例术后随访未发现肿瘤复发转移，1例失访。在PubMed和SEER数据库分别检索了1971－2021年和1988－2011年报道的原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌病例，共28例，患者平均年龄分别为51岁和46岁，除1例出现淋巴结转移和1例死亡外，其余在随访期间均未发现肿瘤复发转移。结论 原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌是一种罕见的卵巢肿瘤，部分病例可伴囊性畸胎瘤及黏液型类癌，常缺少典型的临床表现，病理取材及诊断时应避免漏诊。Ⅰ期患者可选择保留更多脏器功能的手术方式，预后较好，但需长期随访以排除复发及隐匿转移。

, correspAuthors=袁瑛, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
袁瑛，E-mail：
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蒋冰晶，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事肿瘤病理诊断方面的工作

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蒋冰晶，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事肿瘤病理诊断方面的工作

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蒋冰晶，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事肿瘤病理诊断方面的工作

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J Egypt Natl Canc Inst, 2016, 28(4): 267-275., articleTitle=Primary ovarian carcinoid:a report of two cases and a decade registry, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1207064231535526863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231548109776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231535526863, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231560692690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231535526863, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1浙江大学医学院附属金华医院病理科，浙江金华 321000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1207064231694910423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231703299032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231694910423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231707493337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231694910423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2浙江大学医学院附属金华医院肿瘤内科，浙江金华 321000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1207064231808156639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231816545248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231808156639, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Department of Pathology, Dongyang People’s Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang 322100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231820739554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231808156639, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3东阳市人民医院病理科，浙江金华 322100)]), AuthorCompany(id=1207064231925597156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231929791461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231925597156, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1207064231942374375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, companyId=1207064231925597156, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4浙江大学医学院附属第二医院肿瘤内科，浙江杭州 310000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1207064235213930628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Pathological section morphology of 5 OSC patients (HE staining), figureFileSmall=Svfh3CKgZX6VHUPKVj3u6Q==, figureFileBig=BzdoGP4ERM0xctsJVBbZBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064235322982534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=CN, label=图1, caption=5例OSC的病理形态(HE)

OSC. 卵巢甲状腺肿类癌。例1：A. OSC由甲状腺滤泡与类癌交错混合组成(×40)；B. 梁状类癌的肿瘤细胞排列成小梁状、柱状(×100)；C. 岛状类癌的肿瘤细胞排列成巢状、腺泡状(×100)；D. 梁状类癌与岛状类癌混合区(×40)。例2：A. 成熟性囊性畸胎瘤成分，包括皮脂腺、成熟鳞状上皮与脂肪组织(×40)；B. 成熟性囊性畸胎瘤成分，包括神经胶质与脉络丛组织(×40)；C. OSC由甲状腺滤泡与梁状类癌交错混合组成(×100)；D. 黏液型类癌的黏液细胞与细胞外黏液(×100)。例3：A. OSC由甲状腺滤泡与类癌两种成分组成(×100)；B. 梁状类癌呈小梁状、索状排列(×100)；C. 岛状类癌呈岛状、片状分布(×100)；D. 甲状腺肿类癌周围见由黏液腺组成的黏液型类癌(×100)。例4：A. 肿瘤由成熟性囊性畸胎瘤及OSC两种成分组成(×40)；B. 成熟性囊性畸胎瘤成分，包括汗腺与脂肪组织(×100)；C. OSC由甲状腺滤泡与类癌两种成分组成(×100)；D. 类癌呈小梁状、索状排列(×100). 例5：A. OSC由甲状腺滤泡与类癌交错混合组成(×100)；B. OSC的甲状腺滤泡成分(×200)；C. OSC的类癌成分(×200)；D. 类癌细胞胞质丰富、嗜酸性，细胞核分裂象罕见(×400)

, figureFileSmall=Svfh3CKgZX6VHUPKVj3u6Q==, figureFileBig=BzdoGP4ERM0xctsJVBbZBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064235427840137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Pictures of immunohistochemical expression of 5 OSC patients (EnVison), figureFileSmall=QH+/gKxSVah6uTsu0fqohQ==, figureFileBig=AVMHGx7KBdtojhf6ClT9yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064235545280653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=CN, label=图2, caption=5例OSC的免疫组织化学染色结果(EnVison)

OSC. 卵巢甲状腺肿类癌；TTF1. 甲状腺转录因子1；CgA. 嗜铬素A；NSE.神经元特异性烯醇化酶；SSTR2. 生长抑素受体2；Syn.突触素；CD56. 神经细胞黏附分子；CDX2. 尾型同源盒转录因子2；Pax-8. 配对盒基因8。例1：A. 甲状腺滤泡TTF-1(+)(×100)；B. 甲状腺滤泡及类癌成分CgA(+)(×200)；C. 类癌成分NSE(+)(×100)。例2：A. 甲状腺滤泡成分TTF-1(+)(×200)；B. 类癌成分SSTR2(+)(×200)；C. 黏液型类癌成分Syn(+)(×200)。例3：A. 甲状腺滤泡成分TTF-1(+)(×100)；B. 甲状腺滤泡及类癌成分CD56(+)(×200)；C. 黏液型类癌成分CDX2(+)(×100)。例4：A. 甲状腺滤泡成分Pax-8(+)(×200)；B. 类癌成分SSTR2(+)(×200)；C. 甲状腺及类癌成分Syn(+)(×200)。例5：A. 甲状腺滤泡成分Pax-8(+)(×100)；B. 类癌成分SSTR2(+)(×100)；C. 甲状腺及类癌成分Syn(+)(×100)

, figureFileSmall=QH+/gKxSVah6uTsu0fqohQ==, figureFileBig=AVMHGx7KBdtojhf6ClT9yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1207064235616583825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Clinical pathological data of 5 OSC patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目例1例2例3例4例5
年龄(岁)4233674250
孕产史孕4产2孕3产2孕3产1孕2产1孕4产3
临床症状腹痛无头晕无腹痛
血清肿瘤标志物正常正常CA125升高(44.2 U/ml)正常正常
血清甲状腺激素正常未测正常正常正常
影像学检查右附件区占位，考虑阔韧带肌瘤双侧附件占位，首先考虑畸胎瘤盆腔左侧占位，孤立性纤维瘤可能双侧卵巢混合性回声团，畸胎瘤可能右卵巢囊性高回声团，考虑畸胎瘤
术前诊断子宫阔韧带肌瘤卵巢畸胎瘤盆腔肿物双侧卵巢畸胎瘤卵巢畸胎瘤
手术方式子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除+阑尾切除+腹主动脉旁淋巴结活检术双侧卵巢肿瘤剥除术子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除+盆腔、腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除术子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除术
FIGO分期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期
术后病理诊断右卵巢甲状腺肿类癌
左卵巢甲状腺肿类癌伴黏液型类癌合并双侧囊性畸胎瘤左卵巢甲状腺肿类癌伴黏液型类癌右卵巢甲状腺肿类癌合并双侧囊性畸胎瘤右卵巢甲状腺肿类癌
是否术后化疗否否是(1次)是(5次)否
随访时间7年5个月3年1个月1年5个月3年10个月失访
是否复发否否否否未知
), ArticleFig(id=1207064235746607253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

5例OSC患者的临床病理资料

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目例1例2例3例4例5
年龄(岁)4233674250
孕产史孕4产2孕3产2孕3产1孕2产1孕4产3
临床症状腹痛无头晕无腹痛
血清肿瘤标志物正常正常CA125升高(44.2 U/ml)正常正常
血清甲状腺激素正常未测正常正常正常
影像学检查右附件区占位，考虑阔韧带肌瘤双侧附件占位，首先考虑畸胎瘤盆腔左侧占位，孤立性纤维瘤可能双侧卵巢混合性回声团，畸胎瘤可能右卵巢囊性高回声团，考虑畸胎瘤
术前诊断子宫阔韧带肌瘤卵巢畸胎瘤盆腔肿物双侧卵巢畸胎瘤卵巢畸胎瘤
手术方式子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除+阑尾切除+腹主动脉旁淋巴结活检术双侧卵巢肿瘤剥除术子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除+盆腔、腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除术子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除术
FIGO分期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期Ⅰ期
术后病理诊断右卵巢甲状腺肿类癌
左卵巢甲状腺肿类癌伴黏液型类癌合并双侧囊性畸胎瘤左卵巢甲状腺肿类癌伴黏液型类癌右卵巢甲状腺肿类癌合并双侧囊性畸胎瘤右卵巢甲状腺肿类癌
是否术后化疗否否是(1次)是(5次)否
随访时间7年5个月3年1个月1年5个月3年10个月失访
是否复发否否否否未知
), ArticleFig(id=1207064235822104728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

The immunohistorychemical expression of 5 OSC patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
抗体例1例2例3例4例5
TTF1甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
Pax-8甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
TG甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
NSE甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(–)––
Syn甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(+)––
CD56甲状腺(–)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(–)––
CgA甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(+)––
CDX2甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(+)––
SSTR2甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
Ki-671%<1%1%<2%<2%
), ArticleFig(id=1207064235918573723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

5例OSC患者的免疫组织化学染色结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
抗体例1例2例3例4例5
TTF1甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
Pax-8甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
TG甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
NSE甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(–)––
Syn甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(+)––
CD56甲状腺(–)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(–)––
CgA甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(+)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(+)––
CDX2甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)类癌(–)
–黏液腺(+)黏液腺(+)––
SSTR2甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)甲状腺(–)
类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)类癌(+)
–黏液腺(–)黏液腺(–)––
Ki-671%<1%1%<2%<2%
), ArticleFig(id=1207064236044402846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Main clinical features of 23 cases of OSC

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究国籍年龄(岁)血清肿瘤标志物症状分期(期)随访时间是否伴畸胎瘤是否放(化)疗手术方式
Antovska等[1]马其顿共和国59正常无Ⅰ2年是否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜切除术
Chai等[2]中国63CA125↑无ⅠNA否否全子宫+双侧附件切除术
Kachhawa等[3]印度60正常无Ⅰ6个月是否全子宫+右侧附件切除术
Takatori等[4]日本48正常便秘Ⅰ1年6个月否否全子宫+右侧附件切除术
Yamaguchi等[5]日本24CEA↑无ⅠNA否否右侧附件切除术
Kacanski等[6]前南斯拉夫52正常无Ⅰ3年否否右侧附件切除术
Hinshaw等[7]美国74正常无ⅠNA是否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜切除+盆腔淋巴结、主动脉淋巴结清扫术
Yan等[8]中国55正常无Ⅰ4年11个月是否单侧卵巢切除术
Yan等[8]中国45正常无Ⅰ1年是否单侧附件切除术
Noh等[9]韩国64正常无Ⅰ1年4个月否否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜切除术
Ciobanu等[10]罗马尼亚24正常无ⅠNA否否单侧附件切除术
Borghese等[11]意大利61正常无Ⅲ30年是否双侧附件切除+腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术
Ishida等[12]日本68正常无ⅠNA否否双侧附件切除术
Mohammed等[13]美国60CA125↑、CEA↑无ⅢNA是否全子宫+左侧附件+部分网膜切除+盆腔淋巴结、主动脉淋巴结活检+腹膜肿瘤减灭术
Machalekova等[14]捷克46正常无Ⅰ3年是否单侧附件切除术
Machalekova等[14]捷克52正常无Ⅰ6个月是否双侧附件切除术
Sulaiman等[15]新加坡30CEA↑无ⅠNA否否右侧附件切除术
Bohara等[16]印度60CEA↑无Ⅰ3个月是，另伴黏液性囊腺瘤否右侧附件切除术
Hayashi等[17]日本45CEA↑月经过多、贫血Ⅰ1年否否全子宫+双侧附件切除术
Quinonez等[18]西班牙58正常腹痛、消瘦Ⅲ5个月否，伴黏液型类癌否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜+阑尾切除术
Tarcoveanu等[19]罗马尼亚55正常无Ⅰ1年否，伴囊性淋巴管瘤否全子宫+左、右卵巢切除术
Muller等[20]黎巴嫩34正常腹痛、便秘、消瘦ⅠNA否否右侧附件切除术+右侧盆腔淋巴结、网膜活检
Kim等[21]韩国39正常腰痛Ⅰ7个月是，另伴黏液型类癌否右侧附件切除术
SEER*美国45NANANA8年2个月否否NA
SEER*美国44NANAⅠ18年2个月否否NA
SEER*菲律宾50NANANA5年8个月否否NA
SEER*美国53NANAⅠ19年4个月否否NA
SEER*美国36NANANA7年7个月否否NA
), ArticleFig(id=1207064236145066145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1206995210140205988, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

28例OSC患者的临床资料汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究国籍年龄(岁)血清肿瘤标志物症状分期(期)随访时间是否伴畸胎瘤是否放(化)疗手术方式
Antovska等[1]马其顿共和国59正常无Ⅰ2年是否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜切除术
Chai等[2]中国63CA125↑无ⅠNA否否全子宫+双侧附件切除术
Kachhawa等[3]印度60正常无Ⅰ6个月是否全子宫+右侧附件切除术
Takatori等[4]日本48正常便秘Ⅰ1年6个月否否全子宫+右侧附件切除术
Yamaguchi等[5]日本24CEA↑无ⅠNA否否右侧附件切除术
Kacanski等[6]前南斯拉夫52正常无Ⅰ3年否否右侧附件切除术
Hinshaw等[7]美国74正常无ⅠNA是否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜切除+盆腔淋巴结、主动脉淋巴结清扫术
Yan等[8]中国55正常无Ⅰ4年11个月是否单侧卵巢切除术
Yan等[8]中国45正常无Ⅰ1年是否单侧附件切除术
Noh等[9]韩国64正常无Ⅰ1年4个月否否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜切除术
Ciobanu等[10]罗马尼亚24正常无ⅠNA否否单侧附件切除术
Borghese等[11]意大利61正常无Ⅲ30年是否双侧附件切除+腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术
Ishida等[12]日本68正常无ⅠNA否否双侧附件切除术
Mohammed等[13]美国60CA125↑、CEA↑无ⅢNA是否全子宫+左侧附件+部分网膜切除+盆腔淋巴结、主动脉淋巴结活检+腹膜肿瘤减灭术
Machalekova等[14]捷克46正常无Ⅰ3年是否单侧附件切除术
Machalekova等[14]捷克52正常无Ⅰ6个月是否双侧附件切除术
Sulaiman等[15]新加坡30CEA↑无ⅠNA否否右侧附件切除术
Bohara等[16]印度60CEA↑无Ⅰ3个月是，另伴黏液性囊腺瘤否右侧附件切除术
Hayashi等[17]日本45CEA↑月经过多、贫血Ⅰ1年否否全子宫+双侧附件切除术
Quinonez等[18]西班牙58正常腹痛、消瘦Ⅲ5个月否，伴黏液型类癌否全子宫+双侧附件+部分网膜+阑尾切除术
Tarcoveanu等[19]罗马尼亚55正常无Ⅰ1年否，伴囊性淋巴管瘤否全子宫+左、右卵巢切除术
Muller等[20]黎巴嫩34正常腹痛、便秘、消瘦ⅠNA否否右侧附件切除术+右侧盆腔淋巴结、网膜活检
Kim等[21]韩国39正常腰痛Ⅰ7个月是，另伴黏液型类癌否右侧附件切除术
SEER*美国45NANANA8年2个月否否NA
SEER*美国44NANAⅠ18年2个月否否NA
SEER*菲律宾50NANANA5年8个月否否NA
SEER*美国53NANAⅠ19年4个月否否NA
SEER*美国36NANANA7年7个月否否NA
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原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌5例临床病理分析并文献复习
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蒋冰晶 1 , 傅健飞 2 , 郑红娟 2 , 陈真伟 1 , 胡斌 1 , 王利霞 1 , 陈春艳 3 , 袁瑛 4, *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2022,47(11): 1144-1151
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解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2022, 47(11): 1144-1151
原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌5例临床病理分析并文献复习
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蒋冰晶1, 傅健飞2, 郑红娟2, 陈真伟1, 胡斌1, 王利霞1, 陈春艳3, 袁瑛4, *
作者信息
  • 1浙江大学医学院附属金华医院病理科，浙江金华 321000
  • 2浙江大学医学院附属金华医院肿瘤内科，浙江金华 321000
  • 3东阳市人民医院病理科，浙江金华 322100
  • 4浙江大学医学院附属第二医院肿瘤内科，浙江杭州 310000

    • 蒋冰晶，硕士研究生，主治医师，主要从事肿瘤病理诊断方面的工作

通讯作者:

袁瑛，E-mail：
Clinicopathological analysis and literature review of 5 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid
Bing-Jing Jiang1, Jian-Fei Fu2, Hong-Juan Zheng2, Zhen-Wei Chen1, Bin Hu1, Li-Xia Wang1, Chun-Yan Chen3, Ying Yuan4, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, China
  • 2Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, China
  • 3Department of Pathology, Dongyang People’s Hospital, Dongyang, Zhejiang 322100, China
  • 4Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
出版时间: 2022-11-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.11.1144
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摘要
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目的 报道5例原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌的临床病理特征及治疗方式并进行文献复习，以提高对该病的认识。方法 回顾性分析2009年1月－2020年12月浙江大学医学院附属金华医院收治的3例及东阳市人民医院收治的2例原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌患者的临床资料、镜下形态、免疫组织化学表型。结合文献报道的28例患者，总结原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌的临床病理特点及治疗方式。结果 例1和例5为原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌，例2和例4为原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌合并囊性畸胎瘤(其中例2尚伴黏液型类癌)，例3为原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌伴黏液型类癌。5例患者甲状腺肿类癌的甲状腺滤泡成分免疫组织化学染色均呈甲状腺标记物阳性，类癌成分免疫组织化学染色均呈神经内分泌标记物及生长抑素受体2(SSTR2)阳性，例2和例3中黏液型类癌均呈突触素(Syn)阳性、嗜铬素A(CgA)阳性、CDX2阳性。5例患者肿瘤Ki-67增殖指数均<2%。此外，5例患者的甲状腺滤泡不同程度地表达神经内分泌标记物。4例术后随访未发现肿瘤复发转移，1例失访。在PubMed和SEER数据库分别检索了1971－2021年和1988－2011年报道的原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌病例，共28例，患者平均年龄分别为51岁和46岁，除1例出现淋巴结转移和1例死亡外，其余在随访期间均未发现肿瘤复发转移。结论 原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌是一种罕见的卵巢肿瘤，部分病例可伴囊性畸胎瘤及黏液型类癌，常缺少典型的临床表现，病理取材及诊断时应避免漏诊。Ⅰ期患者可选择保留更多脏器功能的手术方式，预后较好，但需长期随访以排除复发及隐匿转移。

卵巢肿瘤  /  甲状腺肿类癌  /  神经内分泌肿瘤

Objective To report the clinicopathological features and treatment of 5 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid and review the literature for improving the understanding to this disease. Methods The clinical data of 5 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid collected in the Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (3 cases) and Dongyang People's Hospital (2 cases) from January 2009 to December 2020, and retrospectively analyzed by clinical features, microscopic appearance and immunohistochemical stains. The clinicopathological features and treatment methods of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid were summarized based on combined literature reports and retrieval of relevant literature databases of 28 patients. Results Case 1 and case 5 were primary ovarian strumal carcinoid, case 2 and case 4 were primary ovarian strumal carcinoid mixed with cystic teratoma. In addition, mucinous carcinoid was also seen in case 2. Case 3 was primary ovarian strumal carcinoid mixed with mucinous carcinoid. Immunohistochemical found the thyroid follicles of all the 5 cases were positive for thyroid markers, the carcinoid components were positive for neuroendocrine markers and somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2). Mucinous carcinoid of both case 2 and case 3 were positive for synaptophysin (Syn), chromogranin A (CgA) and caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2(CDX2). The Ki-67 proliferation index of all the 5 cases were less than 2%. In addition, the thyroid follicles of 5 cases also showed different levels of expression for neuroendocrine markers. During follow-up, 4 cases showed no recurrence or metastasis, and one case lost. A total of 28 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid were searched in PubMed from 1971 to 2021 and SEER database from 1988 to 2011. The mean age of the patients was 51 and 46 years old. Except for one case of lymph node metastasis and one case of death, no tumor recurrence and metastasis were found during follow-up. Conclusions Primary ovarian strumal carcinoid is a kind of rare ovarian tumor. Some cases can be mixed with cystic teratoma and mucinous carcinoid. The patients often show no typical clinical symptoms. Missed diagnosis should be avoided during pathological sampling and diagnosis. Surgical methods that retain more organ functions are recommended in stage Ⅰ patients. The prognosis is generally excellent but long-term follow-up is needed to exclude recurrence and occult metastasis.

ovarian tumor  /  strumal carcinoid  /  neuroendocrine tumor
蒋冰晶, 傅健飞, 郑红娟, 陈真伟, 胡斌, 王利霞, 陈春艳, 袁瑛. 原发性卵巢甲状腺肿类癌5例临床病理分析并文献复习. 解放军医学杂志, 2022 , 47 (11) : 1144 -1151 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.11.1144
Bing-Jing Jiang, Jian-Fei Fu, Hong-Juan Zheng, Zhen-Wei Chen, Bin Hu, Li-Xia Wang, Chun-Yan Chen, Ying Yuan. Clinicopathological analysis and literature review of 5 cases of primary ovarian strumal carcinoid[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2022 , 47 (11) : 1144 -1151 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.11.1144
正文
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卵巢是女性肿瘤的好发部位之一，原发性卵巢肿瘤占女性生殖系统附件肿瘤的2/3[1]。原发性卵巢类癌是一种极为少见的肿瘤，占所有类癌的0.5%~1.7%[2]，可分为4种组织学类型：岛状类癌、梁状类癌、黏液型类癌和甲状腺肿类癌。卵巢甲状腺肿类癌(ovarian strumal carcinoid，OSC)较罕见，临床病理资料相对匮乏。现收集2009－2020年收治的5例原发性OSC病例，分析其临床病理特征，并进行相关文献复习，以加强对此该的认知。
1 病例资料
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1.1 一般资料
通过浙江大学医学院附属金华医院及东阳市人民医院病理工作站(版本号分别为EW-PIS和IEIS-GM)，收集2009年1月－2020年12月浙江大学医学院附属金华医院收治的3例及东阳市人民医院收治的2例OSC患者的临床资料。诊断标准为经病理形态学及免疫组织化学证实由不同比例甲状腺及类癌成分组成的卵巢肿瘤。经光镜下观察，总结肿瘤的形态学特点。采用EnVision二步法进行免疫组织化学染色分析，明确肿瘤免疫表型。此外，对患者的临床症状及复诊情况进行电话随访，末次随访时间为2021年7月。本组5例OSC患者年龄为33~67岁，平均47岁，3例出现临床症状，1例出现肿瘤标志物升高，甲状腺激素除1例未测外余4例均正常。术后FIGO分期均为Ⅰ期；病理结果提示例1和例5为OSC，例2和例4为OSC合并囊性畸胎瘤(其中例2尚伴黏液型类癌)，例3为OSC伴黏液型类癌。详细的临床病理资料见表1。
1.2 临床特点
5例患者均有孕产史，2例伴腹痛，1例伴头晕。术前B超或磁共振检查均可见附件区肿块，3例考虑畸胎瘤，1例考虑阔韧带肌瘤，1例考虑孤立性纤维瘤。1例术前血清肿瘤标志物示糖类抗原125(CA125)升高至44.2 U/ml(参考值：<35 U/ml)，术后3个月复查血清肿瘤标志物示CA125恢复正常，余4例术前血清肿瘤标志物均正常。4例血清甲状腺激素均正常，1例术前未行该检查。临床分期采用国际妇产科联盟(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics，FIGO)2014分期。
1.3 治疗方式
3例行术中冷冻病理检查，其中例1和例3提示卵巢恶性肿瘤，例1行子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除+阑尾切除+腹主动脉旁淋巴结活检术，例3行子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除+盆腔、腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术；例5提示卵巢单胚层畸胎瘤(甲状腺组织)伴部分上皮不典型增生，行子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除术。例2和例4行卵巢肿瘤剥除术，其中例4在常规病理明确诊断后追加子宫全切+双附件切除+大网膜部分切除术，例2未行追加手术。术后例3予依托泊苷+顺铂方案化疗1次，例4予长春新碱+顺铂+博莱霉素方案化疗5次。
1.4 术后病理检查
1.4.1 巨检结果
例1、例3和例5均为单侧卵巢病变，为灰白色、质中等的实性结节，肉眼未发现囊性畸胎瘤成分，均予全部取材。例2和例4为双侧卵巢病变，双侧均可见囊性畸胎瘤成分，内含牙齿、毛发及皮脂样物，例2囊内壁另见一灰黄结节，直径0.5 cm，均予全部取材。
1.4.2 HE染色结果
例1和例5：肿瘤由甲状腺滤泡、梁状类癌和岛状类癌三种成分相互交错生长组成。例2和例4：肿瘤由OSC合并囊性畸胎瘤组成，OSC由甲状腺滤泡及梁状类癌混合而成，囊性畸胎瘤主要由成熟角化的鳞状上皮、皮肤附属器、脂肪组织等组成，例2尚可见黏液型类癌。例3：肿瘤由甲状腺滤泡、梁状类癌、岛状类癌及黏液型类癌组成。5例OSC的镜下图像见图1。
1.4.3 免疫组织化学染色结果
5例肿瘤的Ki-67增殖指数均<2%。甲状腺滤泡成分中的甲状腺转录因子1(TTF1)、配对盒基因8(Pax-8)、甲状腺球蛋白(TG)阳性；类癌成分中的嗜铬素A(CgA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、突触素(Syn)、神经细胞黏附分子(CD56)、生长抑素受体2(SSTR2)阳性且甲状腺滤泡出现不同程度的神经内分泌标记物交叉表达。5例免疫组织化学染色具体表达情况见表2，染色情况见图2。
2 文献检索与复习
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在PubMed以“strumal carcinoid”为关键词进行检索，共检索到相关文献81篇，时间跨度为1971－2021年，获取全文后筛选出21篇[1-21]，共包含23例患者，年龄24~74岁，平均51岁，5例出现症状，其中3例出现腹痛，考虑可能与类癌综合征相关。5例出现血清肿瘤标志物升高。临床分期：20例为Ⅰ期，3例为Ⅲ期。23例患者术后均未行放化疗。术后病理均为OSC，11例伴囊性畸胎瘤，其中1例尚伴黏液性囊腺瘤，1例尚伴囊性淋巴管瘤；12例不伴囊性畸胎瘤，其中2例伴黏液型类癌。随访时间为3个月~30年，1例在30年后出现腹主动脉旁淋巴结转移，其余在随访期内均未发现复发或转移。此外，在The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results(SEER)数据库获得研究数据访问权限(检索账号：10066-Nov2020)，使用SEER Stat版本8.3.5(http://seer.cancer.gov/seerstat)检索所有被诊断为OSC的患者，共找到5例OSC病例，时间跨度为1988－2011年，患者确诊年龄36~53岁，平均46岁，随访时间5年8个月~19年4个月，5例中有1例因OSC在8年2个月后死亡，1例因其他原因在19年4个月后死亡。所有纳入患者的临床特征见表3。
3 讨论
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OSC约占原发性卵巢类癌的40%[22]。本组中例2和例3为OSC伴黏液型类癌，此类肿瘤更加罕见。2014年WHO将OSC归于单胚层畸胎瘤和起源于皮样囊肿的体细胞型肿瘤[23]。约13%的原发性卵巢类癌患者可出现类癌综合征，类癌综合征是指由癌细胞分泌血管活性物质所引起的血管舒张、胃肠道活动增强、低血压和支气管痉挛等症状，主要表现为面部潮红、腹痛腹泻、支气管痉挛、皮下水肿及心脏病变等，90%以上出现在岛状类癌患者中[24-25]。梁状类癌、黏液型类癌及甲状腺肿类癌患者较少出现类癌综合征[20]。本研究的5例OSC患者中，仅例1和例5出现的腹痛症状可能与类癌综合征相关。OSC的大体形态可分为瘤壁结节型、单纯型和混合型[26]。本组中例1、例3和例5为单纯型，例2和例4为混合型，要注意的是当肿瘤较大或伴有囊性畸胎瘤时，取材必须细致完整，以免漏诊而忽略类癌成分的存在。
OSC类癌成分常为岛状类癌、梁状类癌或两者混合。黏液型类癌极为罕见[27]，生物学行为较其他类型的类癌更激进，发生转移的风险更高[28-29]。本组例2和例3均为OSC伴黏液型类癌。1995年，Matías-Guiu等[30]报道了第一例OSC伴黏液型类癌的患者，此外，曾有报道OSC伴黏液型类癌伴发腹膜假黏液瘤的病例[18]，其生物学行为较卵巢单纯OSC更加激进。
OSC中甲状腺滤泡成分和类癌成分分别表达其特异的免疫组织化学标记物，此外，甲状腺滤泡亦不同程度地表达神经内分泌标记物，提示OSC两种成分的起源有可能相同，支持肿瘤可能存在多能干细胞的理论。SSTR2在大多数分化良好的神经内分泌肿瘤中表达，且已被用作生长抑素类药物的治疗性生物标记物。SSTR在OSC中的表达谱尚未被系统地研究[31]。本组5例OSC的类癌成分均表达SSTR2，提示生长抑素类药物可能是OSC辅助治疗的潜在选择。
OSC诊断时需与其他类型的卵巢肿瘤相鉴别，包括转移性类癌、卵巢恶性甲状腺肿瘤等。当病变以充满黏液的印戒细胞为主要特征，且有明确胃肠道肿瘤病史时，须与Krukenberg瘤鉴别，由于细胞角蛋白20(CK20)、绒毛蛋白(Villin)和尾型同源盒基因转录因子2(CDX2)均在原发性和转移性黏液型类癌中表达[21]，因此价值有限，但Desouki等[32]认为CDX2对于鉴别卵巢原发与转移性类癌有一定作用。本组例2和例3中黏液型类癌成分均表达CDX2，与Desouki等[32]的观点不符。目前认为卵巢Krukenberg瘤至少有一部分是卵巢原发性黏液型类癌，建议联合使用神经内分泌标记物以明确诊断[33]。卵巢恶性甲状腺肿瘤如甲状腺乳头状癌的细胞核通常呈毛玻璃样，且存在典型的核沟、核仁及核内包涵体，OSC的细胞核不存在以上形态，且后者免疫组织化学表达神经内分泌标记物，可与前者相鉴别。
目前，OSC这类低度恶性肿瘤尚无最佳治疗方案，几乎所有患者均处于Ⅰ期，预后良好[34]，根据既往文献检索结果，其手术范围尚缺乏一致性，我们倾向于保留更多脏器功能的手术方式。对于Ⅰ期有生育预期的年轻女性，可首选保留生育能力的手术。对于出现广泛转移的病例，需行根治性切除术，然后再行化疗[13]，部分在胃肠道和胰腺类癌中使用的分子药物对复发或转移性OSC有效[35-36]。由于罕见的卵巢黏液型类癌可通过淋巴管扩散，因此，还需行网膜切除术及淋巴结清扫术[37]。本组2例OSC伴黏液型类癌患者在随访期间情况良好，但由于既往报道此类病例较少，其治疗方式及预后尚需更大样本量及更长随访时间的研究进行验证。
综上所述，OSC是一种罕见的卵巢肿瘤，部分病例可伴畸胎瘤及黏液型类癌，病理取材及诊断时应充分且仔细，以免漏诊，组织学形态及免疫组织化学染色有助于明确诊断。手术范围目前尚缺乏一致性，对于Ⅰ期患者，倾向保留更多脏器功能的手术方式。OSC预后较好，但尚需长期随访以排除复发及隐匿转移，尤其是OSC伴黏液型类癌患者的治疗及预后尚需进一步研究探讨。
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参考文献 引证文献
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2022年第47卷第11期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2022.11.1144
  • 接收时间：2021-09-10
  • 首发时间：2025-12-14
  • 出版时间：2022-11-28
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  • 收稿日期：2021-09-10
  • 录用日期：2022-03-26
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    1浙江大学医学院附属金华医院病理科，浙江金华 321000
    2浙江大学医学院附属金华医院肿瘤内科，浙江金华 321000
    3东阳市人民医院病理科，浙江金华 322100
    4浙江大学医学院附属第二医院肿瘤内科，浙江杭州 310000

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