Article(id=1203057883387748432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203057879566737430, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0175, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1657209600000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1661184000000, acceptedDateStr=2022-08-23, onlineDate=1764760951134, onlineDateStr=2025-12-03, pubDate=1677513600000, pubDateStr=2023-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764760951134, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764760951134, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764760951134, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1203057879566737430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='2', pageStart='123', pageEnd='244', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764760950222, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764762101198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1203062707223241334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203057879566737430, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1203062707223241335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203057879566737430, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=175, endPage=182, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1203057883677155429, articleId=1203057883387748432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Repair effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells modified by overexpressed miR-378a combined with collagen sponge scaffold for femoral defect in rats, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To explore the effect of miR-378a overexpression in modifying bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combined with collagen sponge (CS) scaffold in repairing femoral defects of rats. Methods The BMMSCs were isolated and cultured, and the cell phenotype was identified by flow cytometry. The BMMSCs were transfected with an overexpressed miR-378a lentivirus and a negative unloaded lentivirus, and the transfected cells were divided into three groups: a BMMSCs transfected with overexpressed miR-378a group (LV-miR-378a group), BMMSCs transfected with negative control lentivirus group (LV-miR-NC group) and an untransfected BMMSCs group (control group). The transfection efficiency was detected by flow cytometry. The composite of transfected cells with CS scaffold was prepared, and the compatibility of the cells with the scaffold was observed by scanning electron microscopy. A femoral defect replantation model was established in SD rats, and 15 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=5): LV-miR-378a+CS group (with the lentivirus complex CS scaffold overexpressing miR-378a implanted), LV-miR-NC+CS group (with the BMMSCs complex CS scaffold transfected with negative non-load lentivirus),and CS group (with the CS scaffold implanted only). At the 8th week after operation, the SD rats were sacrificed by CO2 inhalation.The femur on the operation side was taken for gross observation and micro-CT scanning reconstruction. Bone mineral density(BMD) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) were quantified, and HE, Masson and osteopontin (OPN) immunohistochemical staining were used to observe bone repair. Results The phenotyping results of BMMSCs by flow cytometry showed that the positive expression rate of cell surface antigen CD44 and CD29 were 95.5% and 94.7%, respectively, while the positive expression rate of CD45 and CD34 were 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. Transfection efficiency detected by flow cytometry: compared with the control group, the transfection efficiency of LV-miR-378a group and LV-miR-NC group increased obviously (P<0.05). The lentivirus transfection efficiency of LV-miR-378a group was consistent with that of LV-miR-NC group with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the CS scaffold material had a good three-dimensional cavity structure. After the two groups of cells were co-cultured with the CS scaffold for 7 days, the cells in LV-miR-378a group had a larger spreading area on the surface of scaffold material than those in LV-miR-NC group, and the cells grow in clusters with more pseudopod. The gross observation results showed that the bone defect area in LV-miR-378a+CS group was completely repaired 8 weeks after surgery. The incompletely mineralized new bone could be observed in the bone defect centers of both LV-miR-NC+CS group and CS group, and the rough outline of the defect area could still be seen in CS group. The results of micro-CT three-dimensional reconstruction and quantitative analysis showed that 8 weeks after surgery, the repair effect of the bone defect area in LV-miR-378a+CS group was better than in other two groups, and there was more new bone deposition. The BMD and BV/TV values were significantly higher than those in other two groups (P<0.05). The defective areas in both LV-miR-NC+CS group and CS group were not completely repaired, and less new bone deposition and uneven density in CS group. HE and Masson staining results showed that the stent material in LV-miR-378a+CS group degraded completely 8 weeks after surgery, and more mature trabeculae could be seen, the junction area of new bone and host bone showed good continuity, and the trabeculae were connected with each other and had regular morphology. In LV-miR-NC+CS group, mature trabeculae were relatively few, and the junction area of new bone and host bone was not completely connected. In CS group, the stent materials were not completely degraded, and there were still more trabeculae in remodeling and irregular shape. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression rate of OPN in LV-miR-378a+CS group was significantly lower than that in other two groups 8 weeks after surgery, (P<0.05), and the expression rate of OPN in LV-miR-NC+CS group was lower than that in CS group (P<0.05). Conclusion Over-expression of miR-378a modified BMMSCs combined with CS scaffold can promote new bone formation.

, correspAuthors=Hui-Yu He, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 探究过表达miR-378a修饰骨髓间充质干细胞(BMMSCs)复合胶原蛋白海绵(CS)支架修复大鼠股骨缺损的效果。方法 分离培养BMMSCs并采用流式细胞术鉴定细胞表型。使用过表达miR-378a的慢病毒及阴性空载慢病毒转染BMMSCs,将转染细胞分为3组:过表达miR-378a转染BMMSCs组(LV-miR-378a组)、阴性对照慢病毒转染BMMSCs组(LV-miR-NC组)、未转染BMMSCs组(对照组),并采用流式细胞术检测转染效率。制备转染细胞与CS支架的复合物,使用扫描电镜观察细胞与支架的相容性。建立SD大鼠股骨缺损回植模型,将15只SD大鼠随机分为3组(n=5):LV-miR-378a+CS组(植入过表达miR-378a慢病毒的BMMSCs复合CS支架)、LV-miR-NC+CS组(植入阴性空载慢病毒转染的BMMSCs复合CS支架)、CS组(只植入CS支架)。术后第8周,使用CO2吸入法处死SD大鼠,取手术侧股骨样本进行大体观察、微型CT扫描重建,定量分析骨密度(BMD)及骨体积分数(BV/TV),并采用HE、Masson及骨桥蛋白(OPN)免疫组化染色观察骨修复情况。结果 流式细胞术检测BMMSCs细胞表型显示,细胞表面抗原CD44阳性表达率95.5%,CD29阳性表达率94.7%,而CD45阳性表达率0.8%,CD34阳性表达率0.7%。流式细胞术检测各组转染效率显示,与对照组比较,LV-miR-378a组和LV-miR-NC组转染效率明显增高(P<0.05),而LV-miR-378a组与LV-miR-NC组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。扫描电镜观察显示,CS支架材料具有良好的三维空洞结构,两组细胞与CS支架共培养7 d后,LV-miR-378a组较LV-miR-NC组细胞在支架材料表面铺展区域更大,细胞呈团簇状生长,伸出的伪足更多。大体观察结果显示,术后8周,LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区修复较为完全,LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组骨缺损中心均可观察到未完全矿化的新生骨质,且CS组仍可见缺损区大致轮廓。微型CT三维重建及定量分析结果显示,术后8周,LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区修复效果优于其余两组,新骨沉积量较多,BMD及BV/TV值均明显高于其余两组(P<0.05),而LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组缺损区均未完全修复,且CS组新骨沉积量较少,密度不均一。HE、Masson染色结果显示,术后8周,LV-miR-378a+CS组支架材料完全降解,可见较多成熟骨小梁,新生骨与宿主骨交界区连续性较好,骨小梁彼此连接且形态规则;LV-miR-NC+CS组成熟骨小梁相对较少,新生骨与宿主骨交界区未完全相连;CS组支架材料未完全降解,处于改建重塑中的骨小梁仍较多且形态不规则。免疫组化染色结果显示,术后8周LV-miR-378a+CS组骨桥蛋白表达率明显低于其余两组(P<0.05),且LV-miR-NC+CS组骨桥蛋白表达率低于CS组(P<0.05)。结论 过表达miR-378a修饰BMMSCs复合CS支架可促进新骨形成。

, correspAuthors=何惠宇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
何惠宇,E-mail:
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孙皓,硕士研究生,主要从事口腔种植修复及组织工程方面的研究

, authorsList=孙皓, 蒲胤瑄, 刘佳林, 巴合提吾凡别克·, 阿曼台都曼别克·, 韩祥祯, 何惠宇)}, authors=[Author(id=1203057887124873511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1203057887217148209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, authorId=1203057887124873511, language=EN, stringName=Hao Sun, firstName=Hao, middleName=null, lastName=Sun, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1Department of Dental Restoration and Implantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
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孙皓,硕士研究生,主要从事口腔种植修复及组织工程方面的研究

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孙皓,硕士研究生,主要从事口腔种植修复及组织工程方面的研究

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generation BMMSCs of rat and identification of cell phenotype (B), figureFileSmall=f2y88PQhHj6p6U530y6Cpw==, figureFileBig=mS8P87X31zsSX/02zZJFPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057891587613186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, language=CN, label=图1, caption=第3代BMMSCs光镜下观察大鼠(A,×50)与细胞表型鉴定(B)

BMMSCs. 骨髓间充质干细胞

, figureFileSmall=f2y88PQhHj6p6U530y6Cpw==, figureFileBig=mS8P87X31zsSX/02zZJFPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057891801522702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=

Flow cytometry detection of lentiviral transfection efficiency

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Scanning electron microscopic results of composite materials of cells and scaffolds in each group 7 days after coculture

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Gross observation of femoral samples of rats in each group 8 weeks after surgery

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BMD. 骨密度;BV/TV. 骨体积分数;CS. 胶原蛋白海绵;A. 微型CT三维重建图;B. BMD及BV/TV定量分析;*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=jyiw//c2VE/aQfl3VOREAQ==, figureFileBig=S03yO6+M2b6THMR/yNsp+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057892543914545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Histological hematoxylin-eosin (A) and Masson (B) staining results in bone defect area of rats in each group 8 weeks af t er operation, figureFileSmall=uEXqL7F7E2KL87FWoGqbtg==, figureFileBig=GBRnR65YZi6nQq7pNUjmQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057892636189240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, language=CN, label=图6, caption=术后8周各组大鼠骨缺损区HE(A)及Masson(B)染色结果

NB. 新生骨,HB. 宿主骨;A. HE染色;B. Masson染色;黄色箭头示新生骨与宿主骨之间的边界

, figureFileSmall=uEXqL7F7E2KL87FWoGqbtg==, figureFileBig=GBRnR65YZi6nQq7pNUjmQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057892749435454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Immunohistochemical stain of osteopontin in bone defect area of rats in each group 8 weeks after operation, figureFileSmall=3Auhw/J3i9B/7DBoAKya/g==, figureFileBig=i2sjJYqL22idNx7aV4B1aw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057892845904451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057883387748432, language=CN, label=图7, caption=术后8周各组大鼠骨缺损区骨桥蛋白免疫组化染色结果

OPN. 骨桥蛋白;A. 免疫组化染色;B. 定量分析;*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001

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过表达miR-378a修饰骨髓间充质干细胞复合胶原蛋白海绵支架对大鼠股骨缺损的修复作用
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孙皓 1, 2 , 蒲胤瑄 1, 2 , 刘佳林 3 , 巴合提吾凡别克· 4 , 阿曼台都曼别克· 1, 2 , 韩祥祯 1, 2 , 何惠宇 1, 2, *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023,48(2): 175-182
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023, 48(2): 175-182
过表达miR-378a修饰骨髓间充质干细胞复合胶原蛋白海绵支架对大鼠股骨缺损的修复作用
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孙皓1, 2, 蒲胤瑄1, 2, 刘佳林3, 巴合提吾凡别克·4, 阿曼台都曼别克·1, 2, 韩祥祯1, 2, 何惠宇1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1新疆医科大学第一附属医院(附属口腔医院)口腔修复种植科,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
  • 2新疆维吾尔自治区口腔医学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
  • 3西南医科大学附属口腔医院口腔种植科,四川泸州 646000
  • 4新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院口腔科,新疆乌鲁木齐 830001
  • 孙皓,硕士研究生,主要从事口腔种植修复及组织工程方面的研究

通讯作者:

何惠宇,E-mail:
Repair effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells modified by overexpressed miR-378a combined with collagen sponge scaffold for femoral defect in rats
Hao Sun1, 2, Yin-Xuan Pu1, 2, Jia-Lin Liu3, Wufanbieke Baheti4, Dumanbieke Amantai1, 2, Xiang-Zhen Han1, 2, Hui-Yu He1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Dental Restoration and Implantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
  • 2Institute of Stomatology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, China
  • 3Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
  • 4Department of Stomatology, the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, China
出版时间: 2023-02-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0175
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目的 探究过表达miR-378a修饰骨髓间充质干细胞(BMMSCs)复合胶原蛋白海绵(CS)支架修复大鼠股骨缺损的效果。方法 分离培养BMMSCs并采用流式细胞术鉴定细胞表型。使用过表达miR-378a的慢病毒及阴性空载慢病毒转染BMMSCs,将转染细胞分为3组:过表达miR-378a转染BMMSCs组(LV-miR-378a组)、阴性对照慢病毒转染BMMSCs组(LV-miR-NC组)、未转染BMMSCs组(对照组),并采用流式细胞术检测转染效率。制备转染细胞与CS支架的复合物,使用扫描电镜观察细胞与支架的相容性。建立SD大鼠股骨缺损回植模型,将15只SD大鼠随机分为3组(n=5):LV-miR-378a+CS组(植入过表达miR-378a慢病毒的BMMSCs复合CS支架)、LV-miR-NC+CS组(植入阴性空载慢病毒转染的BMMSCs复合CS支架)、CS组(只植入CS支架)。术后第8周,使用CO2吸入法处死SD大鼠,取手术侧股骨样本进行大体观察、微型CT扫描重建,定量分析骨密度(BMD)及骨体积分数(BV/TV),并采用HE、Masson及骨桥蛋白(OPN)免疫组化染色观察骨修复情况。结果 流式细胞术检测BMMSCs细胞表型显示,细胞表面抗原CD44阳性表达率95.5%,CD29阳性表达率94.7%,而CD45阳性表达率0.8%,CD34阳性表达率0.7%。流式细胞术检测各组转染效率显示,与对照组比较,LV-miR-378a组和LV-miR-NC组转染效率明显增高(P<0.05),而LV-miR-378a组与LV-miR-NC组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。扫描电镜观察显示,CS支架材料具有良好的三维空洞结构,两组细胞与CS支架共培养7 d后,LV-miR-378a组较LV-miR-NC组细胞在支架材料表面铺展区域更大,细胞呈团簇状生长,伸出的伪足更多。大体观察结果显示,术后8周,LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区修复较为完全,LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组骨缺损中心均可观察到未完全矿化的新生骨质,且CS组仍可见缺损区大致轮廓。微型CT三维重建及定量分析结果显示,术后8周,LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区修复效果优于其余两组,新骨沉积量较多,BMD及BV/TV值均明显高于其余两组(P<0.05),而LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组缺损区均未完全修复,且CS组新骨沉积量较少,密度不均一。HE、Masson染色结果显示,术后8周,LV-miR-378a+CS组支架材料完全降解,可见较多成熟骨小梁,新生骨与宿主骨交界区连续性较好,骨小梁彼此连接且形态规则;LV-miR-NC+CS组成熟骨小梁相对较少,新生骨与宿主骨交界区未完全相连;CS组支架材料未完全降解,处于改建重塑中的骨小梁仍较多且形态不规则。免疫组化染色结果显示,术后8周LV-miR-378a+CS组骨桥蛋白表达率明显低于其余两组(P<0.05),且LV-miR-NC+CS组骨桥蛋白表达率低于CS组(P<0.05)。结论 过表达miR-378a修饰BMMSCs复合CS支架可促进新骨形成。

微小RNA  /  miR-378  /  骨髓间充质干细胞  /  成骨分化

Objective To explore the effect of miR-378a overexpression in modifying bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) combined with collagen sponge (CS) scaffold in repairing femoral defects of rats. Methods The BMMSCs were isolated and cultured, and the cell phenotype was identified by flow cytometry. The BMMSCs were transfected with an overexpressed miR-378a lentivirus and a negative unloaded lentivirus, and the transfected cells were divided into three groups: a BMMSCs transfected with overexpressed miR-378a group (LV-miR-378a group), BMMSCs transfected with negative control lentivirus group (LV-miR-NC group) and an untransfected BMMSCs group (control group). The transfection efficiency was detected by flow cytometry. The composite of transfected cells with CS scaffold was prepared, and the compatibility of the cells with the scaffold was observed by scanning electron microscopy. A femoral defect replantation model was established in SD rats, and 15 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=5): LV-miR-378a+CS group (with the lentivirus complex CS scaffold overexpressing miR-378a implanted), LV-miR-NC+CS group (with the BMMSCs complex CS scaffold transfected with negative non-load lentivirus),and CS group (with the CS scaffold implanted only). At the 8th week after operation, the SD rats were sacrificed by CO2 inhalation.The femur on the operation side was taken for gross observation and micro-CT scanning reconstruction. Bone mineral density(BMD) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) were quantified, and HE, Masson and osteopontin (OPN) immunohistochemical staining were used to observe bone repair. Results The phenotyping results of BMMSCs by flow cytometry showed that the positive expression rate of cell surface antigen CD44 and CD29 were 95.5% and 94.7%, respectively, while the positive expression rate of CD45 and CD34 were 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. Transfection efficiency detected by flow cytometry: compared with the control group, the transfection efficiency of LV-miR-378a group and LV-miR-NC group increased obviously (P<0.05). The lentivirus transfection efficiency of LV-miR-378a group was consistent with that of LV-miR-NC group with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the CS scaffold material had a good three-dimensional cavity structure. After the two groups of cells were co-cultured with the CS scaffold for 7 days, the cells in LV-miR-378a group had a larger spreading area on the surface of scaffold material than those in LV-miR-NC group, and the cells grow in clusters with more pseudopod. The gross observation results showed that the bone defect area in LV-miR-378a+CS group was completely repaired 8 weeks after surgery. The incompletely mineralized new bone could be observed in the bone defect centers of both LV-miR-NC+CS group and CS group, and the rough outline of the defect area could still be seen in CS group. The results of micro-CT three-dimensional reconstruction and quantitative analysis showed that 8 weeks after surgery, the repair effect of the bone defect area in LV-miR-378a+CS group was better than in other two groups, and there was more new bone deposition. The BMD and BV/TV values were significantly higher than those in other two groups (P<0.05). The defective areas in both LV-miR-NC+CS group and CS group were not completely repaired, and less new bone deposition and uneven density in CS group. HE and Masson staining results showed that the stent material in LV-miR-378a+CS group degraded completely 8 weeks after surgery, and more mature trabeculae could be seen, the junction area of new bone and host bone showed good continuity, and the trabeculae were connected with each other and had regular morphology. In LV-miR-NC+CS group, mature trabeculae were relatively few, and the junction area of new bone and host bone was not completely connected. In CS group, the stent materials were not completely degraded, and there were still more trabeculae in remodeling and irregular shape. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression rate of OPN in LV-miR-378a+CS group was significantly lower than that in other two groups 8 weeks after surgery, (P<0.05), and the expression rate of OPN in LV-miR-NC+CS group was lower than that in CS group (P<0.05). Conclusion Over-expression of miR-378a modified BMMSCs combined with CS scaffold can promote new bone formation.

microRNA  /  miR-378  /  bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells  /  osteogenic differentiation
孙皓, 蒲胤瑄, 刘佳林, 巴合提吾凡别克·, 阿曼台都曼别克·, 韩祥祯, 何惠宇. 过表达miR-378a修饰骨髓间充质干细胞复合胶原蛋白海绵支架对大鼠股骨缺损的修复作用. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (2) : 175 -182 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0175
Hao Sun, Yin-Xuan Pu, Jia-Lin Liu, Wufanbieke Baheti, Dumanbieke Amantai, Xiang-Zhen Han, Hui-Yu He. Repair effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells modified by overexpressed miR-378a combined with collagen sponge scaffold for femoral defect in rats[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (2) : 175 -182 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0175
骨缺损修复是近年临床与基础研究的热点,但目前的骨缺损修复材料在成血管和成骨能力方面仍存在不足[1]。骨组织工程研究的领域主要包括细胞因子、种子细胞和支架材料,其中骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMMSCs)是骨组织工程领域中常用的种子细胞,具有多向分化潜能,能够向骨、脂肪及血管等方向分化,且自体移植不引起排斥反应[2]。种子细胞在形成组织之前生存并依附于组织工程支架材料上,而低免疫原性和高生物相容性等生物学性能良好的胶原蛋白海绵(collagen sponge,CS)常被用作组织工程支架[3],内含的Ⅰ型胶原基质能够通过整合素促进BMMSCs的黏附、增殖及向成骨细胞分化[4]。现已明确,微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)对骨细胞的生长、分化和功能均具有重要的调节作用。有研究发现,miRNA-214、miRNA-155和miRNA-378可调控骨和血管的生成过程,其中miRNA-214可通过靶向Osterix 22(一种成骨细胞特异性转录因子)来抑制C2C12成肌细胞的成骨分化,miR-155可通过下调小鼠前成骨细胞中SMAD同源物5(SMAD5)的翻译来抑制成骨细胞分化的作用[5-6],而miRNA-378被证实是骨再生的成骨-血管生成偶联的理想靶标,并已成为调节成骨和血管生成的关键因素[7]。本课题组前期已证实,过表达miR-378a可促进BMMSCs膜片的体外成骨及成血管能力[8]。本研究在此基础上将过表达miR-378a修饰的BMMSCs与CS支架复合后应用于大鼠股骨缺损模型中,旨在探究过表达miR-378a在体内修复骨缺损的能力。
α-MEM培养基、胎牛血清(美国Gibco公司),抗-Osteopontin(ab63856,美国Abcam公司),LV-rno-miR-378a慢病毒载体、阴性对照病毒(ON137,hU6-MCS-Ubiquitin-EGFP-IRES-puromycin,上海吉凯基因有限公司),苏木素染液、封闭用山羊血清(北京中杉金桥公司),伊红染液(北京Solaibio公司),Masson染色试剂盒(北京Solaibio公司),CS(北京湃生生物科技有限公司)。荧光倒置显微镜(LASAF-CIP-HWS3LEICA,德国Leica公司),微型CT扫描仪(AX2000,西安奥云电子科技有限公司),骨钻(德国Kavo公司),切片机、脱水机、包埋机(德国Leica公司)。
20只SPF级SD雄性大鼠购自新疆医科大学动物实验中心,许可证号:SCXK(新)2016-0003。其中5只4周龄大鼠用于原代细胞提取,体重80~100 g,15只8周龄大鼠用于动物实验,体重250~280 g。本实验经新疆医科大学第一附属医院动物伦理委员会批准(IACUC-2021902-02),实验过程中对动物的所有操作均严格参照《实验动物的护理和使用指南》进行。实验前所有大鼠自由摄食、饮水,在相同条件下饲养,保持室温(20±2) ℃,相对湿度40%~60%,每3 d更换一次鼠盒。
将5只4周龄的SD雄性大鼠脱颈椎处死,置于37 ℃、5% CO2的恒温培养箱内行全骨髓法培养BMMSCs。接种3 d后首次换液,以后每2 d换液一次,倒置显微镜下观察细胞生长状态,待细胞生长至90%融合时消化,并按1:2比例传代,培养至第3代,采用流式细胞术鉴定细胞表型(CD44、CD29、CD45、CD34)后进行相关实验。
取生长良好的第3代BMMSCs,加入感染复数(MOI)值=20的相应病毒量,并添加感染增强P液行细胞转染,将细胞分为3组:过表达miR-378a转染BMMSCs组(LV-miR-378a组),阴性对照慢病毒转染BMMSCs组(LV-miR-NC组),未转染BMMSCs组(对照组)。采用流式细胞术检测各组慢病毒EGFP基因的表达率。
将无菌CS裁成3 mm(直径)×2 mm(高)大小,放入24孔板内,培养液平衡后待用。调整LV-miR-378a组及LV-miR-NC组细胞密度为1×105个/ml。按照细胞悬液反复滴加的方法,将0.1 ml混合悬液均匀分布于CS上,将细胞-支架复合物置于37 ℃、5% CO2恒温箱中静置4 h,加入10% α-MEM完全培养基继续培养,每2 d换液一次。
选取15只8周龄SD大鼠,随机分为3组(n=5):LV-miR-378a+CS组(植入过表达miR-378a慢病毒转染的BMMSCs复合CS支架)、LV-miR-NC+CS组(植入阴性空载慢病毒转染的BMMSCs复合CS支架)、CS组(植入CS支架)。各组大鼠腹腔注射1%戊巴比妥钠(40 mg/kg)麻醉,备皮,固定,使股骨外侧面充分暴露后,铺置洞巾,碘伏消毒,于左侧股骨皮肤处切一条长约3 cm的切口,钝性分离直至股骨面,于股骨外侧中区使用低速骨钻制备直径约3 mm、深2 mm的圆形缺损,缺损深度达骨髓腔,但不穿过对侧皮质骨。LV-miR-378a+CS组与LV-miR-NC+CS组分别放置各组支架复合物,CS组单纯放入支架,然后逐层严密缝合关闭创口。术后8周使用CO2吸入法处死各组大鼠,取手术侧股骨样本进行检测。
于术后8周取各组股骨样本进行大体观察,检查是否出现感染坏死和炎症反应,以及缺损区新骨形成情况等。
将术后8周各组股骨样本以骨缺损处为中心,使用微型CT扫描(电压:90 kV,电流:80 μA,分辨率:10 μm,曝光时间:600 ms)并进行三维重建。定量分析LV-miR-378a+CS组、LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组感兴趣区的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)与骨体积分数(bone volume/total volume,BV/TV),检验骨修复情况。
于术后8周取各组股骨样本,置于40 g/L多聚甲醛溶液中固定,10%EDTA脱钙液脱钙,骨组织变软后制作石蜡切片,行HE、Masson及骨桥蛋白免疫组化染色,并在光学显微镜下观察新骨的形成情况。
采用GraphPad Prism 9.0和SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料使用Shapiro-Wilk法检验数据是否具有正态性,符合正态分布者以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验;不符合者则采用非参数检验(Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验)。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
取生长良好的第3代BMMSCs,在倒置显微镜下观察,见其生长密集并呈纺锤形集落。流式细胞术检测细胞表面抗原CD44阳性表达率为95.5%,CD29阳性表达率为94.7%,而CD45阳性表达率为0.8%,CD34阳性表达率为0.7%(图1)。
LV-miR-378a组、LV-miR-NC组及对照组的转染效率分别为85.7%、85.8%及0,与对照组比较,LV-miR-378a组及LV-miR-NC组转染效率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而LV-miR-378a组与LV-miR-NC组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(图2)。
将LV-miR-378a组与LV-miR-NC组细胞与CS支架材料共培养7 d后使用扫描电镜观察,低倍镜下可见CS组CS支架材料具有良好的三维空洞结构,高倍镜下可见LV-miR-378a组与LV-miR-NC组细胞均可黏附生长在支架材料上并分泌细胞外基质(ECM),但LV-miR-378a组细胞较LV-miR-NC组在支架材料表面铺展的区域更大,细胞呈团簇状生长,伸出的伪足更多,呈聚集性分布在材料的表面或空隙内(图3)。
术后8周各组骨缺损区域均呈闭合状态,可见LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区修复较为完全,缺损区矿化的骨质与正常骨组织连续且颜色与质地较一致,缺损轮廓也已消失;而LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组骨缺损区修复尚未完全,缺损中心可观察到未完全矿化的新生骨质,且CS组仍可见缺损区大致轮廓(图4)。
微型CT扫描各组术后8周股骨标本并进行三维重建,结果显示,3组骨缺损区均可见新生骨质,其中LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区较其余两组修复效果更好,新骨沉积量较多,骨质愈合连续,密度均一;LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组缺损区均未完全修复;而CS组新骨沉积量较少,密度不均一(图5A)。相关参数定量分析结果显示,LV-miR-378a+CS组BMD及BV/TV值均明显高于其余两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且LV-miR-NC+CS组BMD及BV/TV值均明显高于CS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(图5B)。
HE染色结果显示,术后8周LV-miR-378a+CS组支架材料完全降解,可见较多成熟骨小梁,新生骨与宿主骨交界区连续性较好;LV-miR-NC+CS组成熟骨小梁相对较少,新生骨与宿主骨交界区未完全相连;CS组支架材料未完全降解,处于改建重塑中的骨小梁仍较多,新生骨与宿主骨交界区骨小梁排列紊乱(图6A)。Masson染色结果与HE染色结果一致,与LV-miR-NC+CS组相比,LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区骨小梁较致密,彼此连接且形态规则;CS组骨缺损区中有较多不规则的新生骨小梁(图6B)。
骨缺损区骨桥蛋白免疫组化染色结果显示,术后8周CS组骨小梁棕染表达强于其余两组,可见骨桥蛋白强阳性表达;与CS组比较,LV-miR-NC+CS组只在部分骨缺损处可见骨桥蛋白阳性表达,而LV-miR-378a+CS组新生骨组织矿化程度较高,成熟骨小梁较多,因成骨细胞数量相对较少,骨桥蛋白阳性表达较少(图7A)。定量分析结果显示,与CS组比较,LV-miR-378a+CS组及LV-miR-NC+CS组骨桥蛋白阳性表达率降低(P<0.001或P<0.05),且LV-miR-378a+CS组阳性表达率低于LV-miR-NC+CS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)(图7B)。
由创伤、先天畸形或其他疾病引起的骨缺损已成为临床工作者和科研人员研究的热点。骨组织工程是一种有效的骨再生方法,能通过使用合适的支架材料、可行的种子细胞和生物活性因子组合来制造新的功能性骨组织,细胞和生物活性因子接种到生物材料支架上可创建人工骨移植替代物[9],从而广泛应用于骨缺损的治疗中。这些人工骨移植替代物可促进间充质干细胞分泌多种生长因子和趋化因子,并提高骨缺陷再生的速度和质量[10-11]。BMMSCs具有优越的自我更新和多向分化能力,常作为组织工程中的种子细胞,在组织维持、修复和再生中发挥着至关重要的作用[12]。本研究选用BMMSCs作为种子细胞,经流式细胞术鉴定,其抗原表型CD44、CD29阳性率均在90%以上,而CD45、CD34为低表达,所提取的细胞纯度和浓度已达到标准,可用于后续实验。研究证实,miRNA可通过多种信号通路正向或负向调节骨骼稳态和成骨细胞的形成,且对细胞增殖、迁移和分化起着重要的调节作用[13]。研究表明,miR-7b、miR-9、miR-26a、miR-210、miR-378等可提高骨相关疾病及骨再生方面的治疗潜力[14]。miR-378a是位于Ppargc1b基因中的一个内含子miRNA,有研究发现其可参与MC3T3-E1细胞的分化,并在BMP2诱导的成骨分化中发挥作用[15]。靶基因预测分析发现,miR-378是Wnt和MAPK信号通路的交叉点[7],且Lee等[16]发现,miR-378可通过靶向SuFu和Fus-1来促进细胞存活及血管生成,进而影响细胞的成骨分化。但是,未来仍需进一步探索miR-378在细胞分化过程中的靶标和发挥作用的机制。慢病毒可长期稳定地整合到宿主DNA中,当前骨组织工程中基于miRNAs递送系统的应用研究大多使用慢病毒代替其他病毒作为基因递送载体[17]。本研究使用感染复数值为MOI=20进行慢病毒转染[8],分别将过表达miR-378a的慢病毒和空载慢病毒转染BMMSCs,流式细胞术检测结果显示,两组转染效率均>85%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示两组慢病毒均成功转染至BMMSCs中,且转染效能较好。
优良的骨组织工程支架应具有生物相容性能好、孔隙率合适、生物可降解性优越等几个基本因素,且必须能促进其结构内部的细胞生长[18-20]。Ⅰ型胶原蛋白是骨细胞外基质的主要有机成分,可通过多种方式加工成如海绵或水凝胶等生物材料[21]。因免疫原性低和生物相容性佳等优点,CS常被用作组织工程支架,可被细胞因子、生长因子、药物和酶抑制剂修饰,从而具有骨诱导性[22]。本研究通过电镜观察发现,CS支架呈多孔状,具有良好的空间结构及表面积,随着培养时间的延长,细胞长入孔隙内,呈集落或团簇状连接成片,提示该材料对细胞具有黏附作用,且因该材料具有较大的空间结构和表面积,可以为BMMSCs提供更为广阔的生长空间。其中,LV-miR-378a组形成的细胞集落或团簇与细胞铺展区域更大,伸出的伪足更多,推测原因可能与过表达miR-378a修饰的BMMSCs有关。
本课题组前期研究表明,过表达miR-378a在体外实验中表现出优越的成骨与成血管能力[8]。因此,本实验在大鼠股骨缺损处植入过表达miR-378a的BMMSCs复合CS支架,探索过表达miR-378a基因的复合物在体内修复骨缺损的能力。术后各组大鼠并未出现因感染或其他原因导致的死亡,提示转染慢病毒的BMMSCs及CS支架均无免疫排斥反应,与组织有较好的相容性。术后8周,各组骨缺损处均有新生骨形成,无感染组织包绕、纤维组织溶解及坏死,且LV-miR-378a+CS组骨缺损区修复较为完全,而LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组缺损中心仍可观察到未完全矿化的新生骨质,且CS组骨缺损区周围有较多的编织骨。微型CT是测量骨骼微观结构的金标准,本实验采用微型CT对缺损处进行影像学观察,发现术后8周时,LV-miR-378a+CS组较其余两组新生骨质矿化重塑程度更佳,骨质愈合连续,密度均一,且LV-miR-378a+CS组BMD及BV/TV值均高于其余两组,提示随着矿化时间延长,过表达miR-378a的复合支架在体内的成骨诱导性能较好,而LV-miR-NC+CS组BMD及BV/TV值虽然高于CS组,但差异不大,这可能是因为LV-miR-NC+CS组中空载慢病毒转染的BMMSCs已有部分分化为成骨细胞,而CS组只能通过自身骨生成能力愈合,因而新生骨矿化进程较慢。此外,术后8周时,采用HE及Masson染色观察新骨矿化的组织学特性发现,LV-miR-378a+CS组较LV-miR-NC+CS组和CS组的骨小梁更规则,宿主骨与新生骨交界区连续性更好,且有较多成熟骨质形成,提示过表达miR-378a的复合物有利于骨组织的形成。骨桥蛋白在骨代谢中发挥着重要作用,且参与多种骨相关细胞的增殖、迁移和黏附等生物学活动。骨桥蛋白主要表达于成骨细胞,而正常骨组织中仅少量表达。本研究术后8周骨桥蛋白免疫组化染色发现,LV-miR-378a+CS组骨桥蛋白阳性表达率低于LV-miR-NC+CS组及CS组,可能是由于术后8周LV-miR-378a+CS组新生骨组织矿化程度较好,有较多成熟骨质,而成骨细胞较少,故骨桥蛋白阳性表达率较低。
综上所述,本研究通过将过表达miR-378a转染BMMSCs复合CS支架植入到大鼠股骨缺损模型中,从动物实验的角度证实了miR-378a复合物可加速体内的骨再生进程,探索了miR-378a用于临床骨缺损治疗的潜力。但本研究尚存在不足之处,如动物实验观察时间较短,缺少更长时间的对比研究,且未进行miR-378a参与骨修复重建的具体调控机制研究,尚有待后续实验进一步探索。
  • 新疆医科大学研究生创新创业项目(CXCY2022001)
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金计划青年项目(2021D01C337)
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2023年第48卷第2期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0175
  • 接收时间:2022-07-08
  • 首发时间:2025-12-03
  • 出版时间:2023-02-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-08
  • 录用日期:2022-08-23
基金
Graduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Xinjiang Medical University(CXCY2022001)
新疆医科大学研究生创新创业项目(CXCY2022001)
Youth Program of Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021D01C337)
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金计划青年项目(2021D01C337)
作者信息
    1新疆医科大学第一附属医院(附属口腔医院)口腔修复种植科,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
    2新疆维吾尔自治区口腔医学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054
    3西南医科大学附属口腔医院口腔种植科,四川泸州 646000
    4新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院口腔科,新疆乌鲁木齐 830001

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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